book: typo fixes (#219)

This commit is contained in:
Valeriy Dmitriev
2022-01-03 18:19:32 +05:00
committed by GitHub
parent b386fff302
commit 7e6ada9b7c
2 changed files with 5 additions and 5 deletions

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@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ int main() {
Because C++ guarantees that all stack objects will be destroyed at the end of the declaration period, such code is also extremely safe.
Whether `critical_section()` returns normally or if an exception is thrown in the middle, a stack rollback is thrown, and `unlock()` is automatically called.
And `std::unique_lock` is more flexible than `std::lock_guard`, `std::unique_lock` is more flexible.
`std::unique_lock` is more flexible than `std::lock_guard`.
Objects of `std::unique_lock` manage the locking and unlocking operations on the `mutex` object with exclusive ownership (no other `unique_lock` objects owning the ownership of a `mutex` object). So in concurrent programming, it is recommended to use `std::unique_lock`.
`std::lock_guard` cannot explicitly call `lock` and `unlock`, and `std::unique_lock` can be called anywhere after the declaration.
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ int main() {
}
```
Intuitively, `a = 5;` seems in `t2` seems to always execute before `flag = 1;`, and `while (flag != 1)` in `t1` seems to guarantee `std ::cout << "b = " << b << std::endl;` will not be executed before the mark is changed. Logically, it seems that the value of `b` should be equal to 5.
Intuitively, it seems that `a = 5;` in `t2` always executes before `flag = 1;` and `while (flag != 1)` in `t1`. It looks like there is a guarantee the line `std ::cout << "b = " << b << std::endl;` will not be executed before the mark is changed. Logically, it seems that the value of `b` should be equal to 5.
But the actual situation is much more complicated than this, or the code itself is undefined behavior because, for `a` and `flag`, they are read and written in two parallel threads.
There has been competition. Also, even if we ignore competing for reading and writing, it is still possible to receive out-of-order execution of the CPU and the impact of the compiler on the rearrangement of instructions.
Cause `a = 5` to occur after `flag = 1`. Thus `b` may output 0.
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ This is a very strong set of synchronization conditions, in other words when it
This seems too harsh for a variable that requires only atomic operations (no intermediate state).
The research on synchronization conditions has a very long history, and we will not go into details here. Readers should understand that under the modern CPU architecture, atomic operations at the CPU instruction level are provided.
Therefore, in the C + + 11 multi-threaded shared variable reading and writing, the introduction of the `std::atomic` template, so that we instantiate an atomic type, will be a
Therefore, in the C++11 multi-threaded shared variable reading and writing, the introduction of the `std::atomic` template, so that we instantiate an atomic type, will be a
Atomic type read and write operations are minimized from a set of instructions to a single CPU instruction. E.g:
```cpp
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ They provide a critical foundation for standardized high-performance computing f
## Further Readings
- [C++ 并发编程(中文版)](https://www.amazon.com/dp/1617294691/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_U_siEmDbRMMF960)
- [C++ Concurrency in Action](https://www.amazon.com/dp/1617294691/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_U_siEmDbRMMF960)
- [Thread document](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/thread)
- Herlihy, M. P., & Wing, J. M. (1990). Linearizability: a correctness condition for concurrent objects. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 12(3), 463492. https://doi.org/10.1145/78969.78972

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@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ order: 8
The file system library provides functions related to
the operation of the file system, path, regular files, directories, and so on.
Similar to the regular expression library, he was one of the first libraries
Similar to the regular expression library, it was one of the first libraries
to be launched by boost and eventually merged into the C++ standard.
## 8.1 Document and Link