Add expectedResponseCode to BurstObservatory

2025-12-18 21:24:37 +03:00 · 2024-11-24 16:45:14 -05:00
366 changed files with 9956 additions and 16420 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ body:
      description: |-
        Please check all of the following options to prove that you have read and understood the requirements, otherwise this issue will be closed.
      options:
-        - label: I have read all the comments in the issue template and ensured that this issue meet the requirements.
-          required: true
        - label: I confirm that I have read the documentation, understand the meaning of all the configuration items I wrote, and did not pile up seemingly useful options or default values.
          required: true
        - label: I provided the complete config and logs, rather than just providing the truncated parts based on my own judgment.
@@ -40,8 +38,6 @@ body:
        ### For config
        Please provide the configuration files that can reproduce the problem, including the server and client.
        Don't just paste a big exported config file here. Eliminate useless inbound/outbound, rules, options, this can help determine the problem, if you really want to get help.
-        After removing parts that do not affect reproduction, provide the actual running **complete** file.
-        meaning of complete: This config can be directly used to start the core, **not a truncated part of the config**. For fields like keys, use newly generated valid parameters that have not been actually used to fill in.

        ### For logs
        Please set the log level to debug and dnsLog to true first.
@@ -50,29 +46,42 @@ body:
        Provide the log of Xray-core, not the log output by the panel or other things.

        ### Finally
-        The specific content to be filled in each of the following text boxes needs to be placed between ```<details><pre><code>``` and ```</code></pre></details>```, like this
-        ```
-        <details><pre><code>
-        (config)
-        </code></pre></details>
-        ```
+        After removing parts that do not affect reproduction, provide the actual running **complete** file, do not only provide inbound or outbound or a few lines of logs based on your own judgment.
+        Put the content between the preset ```<details><pre><code>``` ```</code></pre></details>``` in the text box.
+        If the problem is very clear that only related to one end (such as core startup failure/crash after correctly writing the config according to the documents), N/A can be filled in for unnecessary areas below.
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Client config
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Server config
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Client log
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Server log
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_zh.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_zh.yml
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ body:
      description: |-
        请勾选以下所有选项以证明您已经阅读并理解了以下要求，否则该 issue 将被关闭。
      options:
-        - label: 我读完了 issue 模板中的所有注释，确保填写符合要求。
-          required: true
        - label: 我保证阅读了文档，了解所有我编写的配置文件项的含义，而不是大量堆砌看似有用的选项或默认值。
          required: true
        - label: 我提供了完整的配置文件和日志，而不是出于自己的判断只给出截取的部分。
@@ -40,8 +38,6 @@ body:
        ### 对于配置文件
        请提供可以重现问题的配置文件，包括服务端和客户端。
        不要直接在这里黏贴一大段导出的 config 文件。去掉无用的出入站、规则、选项，这可以帮助确定问题，如果你真的想得到帮助。
-        在去掉不影响复现的部分后，提供实际运行的**完整**文件。
-        完整的含义：可以直接使用这个配置启动核心，**不是截取的部分配置**。对于密钥等参数使用重新生成未实际使用的有效参数填充。
        
        ### 对于日志
        请先将日志等级设置为 debug, dnsLog 设置为true.
@@ -50,29 +46,42 @@ body:
        提供 Xray-core 的日志，而不是面板或者别的东西输出的日志。

        ### 最后
-        把下面的每格具体内容需要放在 ```<details><pre><code>``` 和 ```</code></pre></details>``` 中间，如
-        ```
-        <details><pre><code>
-        (config)
-        </code></pre></details>
-        ```
+        在去掉不影响复现的部分后，提供实际运行的**完整**文件，不要出于自己的判断只提供入站出站或者几行日志。
+        把内容放在文本框预置的 ```<details><pre><code>``` 和 ```</code></pre></details>``` 中间。
+        如果问题十分明确只出现在某一端(如按文档正确编写配置后核心启动失败/崩溃)，可以在下面不需要的项目填入N/A.
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 客户端配置
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 服务端配置
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 客户端日志
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 服务端日志
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
--- a/.github/docker/Dockerfile
+++ b/.github/docker/Dockerfile
@@ -1,62 +1,28 @@
-# syntax=docker/dockerfile:latest
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:latest AS build
-
-# Build xray-core
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:alpine AS build
 WORKDIR /src
 COPY . .
 ARG TARGETOS
 ARG TARGETARCH
-RUN GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
+RUN GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
+ADD https://github.com/v2fly/geoip/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat /v2fly/geoip.dat
+ADD https://github.com/v2fly/domain-list-community/releases/latest/download/dlc.dat /v2fly/geosite.dat
+ADD https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat /loyalsoldier/geoip.dat
+ADD https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geosite.dat /loyalsoldier/geosite.dat

-# Download geodat into a staging directory
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geoip.dat /tmp/geodat/geoip.dat
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geosite.dat /tmp/geodat/geosite.dat
+# chainguard/static contains only tzdata and ca-certificates, can be built with multiarch static binaries.
+FROM --platform=linux/amd64 chainguard/static:latest
+WORKDIR /var/log/xray
+COPY .github/docker/files/config.json /etc/xray/config.json
+COPY --from=build --chmod=755 /src/xray /usr/bin/xray

-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/empty
-
-# Create config files with empty JSON content
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray
-RUN cat <<EOF >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/00_log.json
-{
-  "log": {
-    "error": "/var/log/xray/error.log",
-    "loglevel": "warning",
-    "access": "none",
-    "dnsLog": false
-  }
-}
-EOF
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/01_api.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/02_dns.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/03_routing.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/04_policy.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/05_inbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/06_outbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/07_transport.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/08_stats.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/09_reverse.json
-
-# Create log files
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/var/log/xray && touch \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/access.log \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/error.log
-
-# Build finally image
-FROM gcr.io/distroless/static:nonroot
-
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /src/xray /usr/local/bin/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/share/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/geodat/*.dat /usr/local/share/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/etc/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/*.json /usr/local/etc/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /var/log/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=65532:65532 --chmod=600 /tmp/var/log/xray/*.log /var/log/xray/
-
-VOLUME /usr/local/etc/xray
-VOLUME /var/log/xray
-
-ARG TZ=Etc/UTC
+USER root
+WORKDIR /root
+VOLUME /etc/xray
+ARG TZ=Asia/Shanghai
 ENV TZ=$TZ
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/bin/xray" ]
+CMD [ "-confdir", "/etc/xray/" ]

-ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/xray" ]
-CMD [ "-confdir", "/usr/local/etc/xray/" ]
+ARG flavor=v2fly
+COPY --from=build --chmod=644 /$flavor /usr/share/xray
--- a/.github/docker/Dockerfile.usa
+++ b/.github/docker/Dockerfile.usa
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-# syntax=docker/dockerfile:latest
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:latest AS build
-
-# Build xray-core
-WORKDIR /src
-COPY . .
-ARG TARGETOS
-ARG TARGETARCH
-RUN GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
-
-# Download geodat into a staging directory
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geoip.dat /tmp/geodat/geoip.dat
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geosite.dat /tmp/geodat/geosite.dat
-
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/empty
-
-# Create config files with empty JSON content
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray
-RUN cat <<EOF >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/00_log.json
-{
-  "log": {
-    "error": "/var/log/xray/error.log",
-    "loglevel": "warning",
-    "access": "none",
-    "dnsLog": false
-  }
-}
-EOF
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/01_api.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/02_dns.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/03_routing.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/04_policy.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/05_inbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/06_outbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/07_transport.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/08_stats.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/09_reverse.json
-
-# Create log files
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/var/log/xray && touch \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/access.log \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/error.log
-
-# Build finally image
-# Note on Distroless Base Image and Architecture Support:
-# - The official 'gcr.io/distroless/static' image provided by Google only supports a limited set of architectures for Linux:
-#   - linux/amd64
-#   - linux/arm/v7
-#   - linux/arm64/v8
-#   - linux/ppc64le
-#   - linux/s390x
-# - Upon inspection, the blob contents of the Distroless images across these architectures are nearly identical, with only minor differences in metadata (e.g., 'Architecture' field in the manifest).
-# - Due to this similarity in content, it is feasible to forcibly specify a single platform (e.g., '--platform=linux/amd64') for unsupported architectures, as the core image content remains compatible with statically compiled binaries like Go applications.
-FROM --platform=linux/amd64 gcr.io/distroless/static:nonroot
-
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /src/xray /usr/local/bin/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/share/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/geodat/*.dat /usr/local/share/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/etc/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/*.json /usr/local/etc/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /var/log/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=65532:65532 --chmod=600 /tmp/var/log/xray/*.log /var/log/xray/
-
-VOLUME /usr/local/etc/xray
-VOLUME /var/log/xray
-
-ARG TZ=Etc/UTC
-ENV TZ=$TZ
-
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/xray" ]
-CMD [ "-confdir", "/usr/local/etc/xray/" ]
--- a/.github/docker/files/config.json
+++ b/.github/docker/files/config.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "inbounds": [{
+    "port": 9000,
+    "protocol": "vmess",
+    "settings": {
+      "clients": [
+        {
+          "id": "1eb6e917-774b-4a84-aff6-b058577c60a5",
+          "level": 1
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  }],
+  "outbounds": [{
+    "protocol": "freedom",
+    "settings": {}
+  }]
+}
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -1,133 +1,76 @@
-name: Build and Push Docker Image
+name: Build docker image

 on:
  release:
-    types:
-      - published
-      - released
-
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      tag:
-        description: "Docker image tag:"
-        required: true
-      latest:
-        description: "Set to latest"
-        type: boolean
-        default: false
+    types: [published]
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main

 jobs:
-  build-and-push:
-    if: (github.event.action != 'published') || (github.event.action == 'published' && github.event.release.prerelease == true)
+  build-image:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
-      contents: read
      packages: write
-
    steps:
-      - name: Set repository and image name to lowercase
-        env:
-          IMAGE_NAME: "${{ github.repository }}"
-        run: |
-          echo "IMAGE_NAME=${IMAGE_NAME,,}" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "FULL_IMAGE_NAME=ghcr.io/${IMAGE_NAME,,}" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-
-      - name: Validate and extract tag
-        run: |
-          SOURCE_TAG="${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}"
-          if [[ -z "$SOURCE_TAG" ]]; then
-            SOURCE_TAG="${{ github.ref_name }}"
-          fi
-          if [[ -z "$SOURCE_TAG" ]]; then
-            SOURCE_TAG="${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}"
-          fi
-
-          if [[ -z "$SOURCE_TAG" ]]; then
-            echo "Error: Could not determine a valid tag source. Input tag and context tag (github.ref_name) are both empty."
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          if [[ "$SOURCE_TAG" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9] ]]; then
-            IMAGE_TAG="${SOURCE_TAG#v}"
-          else
-            IMAGE_TAG="$SOURCE_TAG"
-          fi
-
-          echo "Docker image tag: '$IMAGE_TAG'."
-          echo "IMAGE_TAG=$IMAGE_TAG" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-
-          LATEST=false
-          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "release" && "${{ github.event.release.prerelease }}" == "false" ]] || [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_dispatch" && "${{ github.event.inputs.latest }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            LATEST=true
-          fi
-
-          echo "Latest: '$LATEST'."
-          echo "LATEST=$LATEST" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Docker metadata
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/xray-core
+          flavor: latest=auto
+          tags: |
+            type=sha
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=ref,event=pr
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
+      - name: Docker metadata Loyalsoldier flavor
+        id: loyalsoldier
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/xray-core
+          flavor: |
+            latest=auto
+            suffix=-ls,onlatest=true
+          tags: |
+            type=sha
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=ref,event=pr
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Build Docker image (main architectures)
-        id: build_main_arches
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Build and push
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
        with:
          context: .
-          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile
          platforms: |
            linux/amd64
-            linux/arm/v7
-            linux/arm64/v8
-            linux/ppc64le
-            linux/s390x
+            linux/arm64
+            linux/loong64
+            linux/riscv64
          provenance: false
-          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
-
-      - name: Build Docker image (additional architectures)
-        id: build_additional_arches
+          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile
+          push: true
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+      - name: Build and push Loyalsoldier flavor
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
        with:
          context: .
-          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile.usa
          platforms: |
-            linux/386
-            linux/arm/v6
-            linux/riscv64
+            linux/amd64
+            linux/arm64
            linux/loong64
+            linux/riscv64
          provenance: false
-          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
-
-      - name: Create manifest list and push
-        run: |
-          echo "Creating multi-arch manifest with tag: '${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}'."
-          docker buildx imagetools create \
-            --tag ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }} \
-            ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}@${{ steps.build_main_arches.outputs.digest }} \
-            ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}@${{ steps.build_additional_arches.outputs.digest }}
-
-          if [[ "${{ env.LATEST }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            echo "Adding 'latest' tag to manifest: '${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:latest'."
-            docker buildx imagetools create \
-            --tag ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:latest \
-            ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}
-          fi
-
-      - name: Inspect image
-        run: |
-          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}
-
-          if [[ "${{ env.LATEST }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:latest
-          fi
+          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile
+          build-args: flavor=loyalsoldier
+          push: true
+          tags: |
+            ${{ steps.loyalsoldier.outputs.tags }}
--- a/.github/workflows/release-win7.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-win7.yml
@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-name: Build and Release for Windows 7
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
-  push:
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-
-jobs:
-  check-assets:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Check Assets Existence
-        id: check-assets
-        run: |
-          [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-          LIST=('geoip.dat' 'geosite.dat')
-          for FILE_NAME in "${LIST[@]}"
-          do
-            echo -e "Checking ${FILE_NAME}..."
-            if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ]; then
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} exists."
-            else
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} does not exist."
-              echo "missing=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              break
-            fi
-          done
-
-      - name: Sleep for 90 seconds if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        run: sleep 90
-
-  build:
-    needs: check-assets
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          # BEGIN Windows 7
-          - goos: windows
-            goarch: amd64
-            assetname: win7-64
-          - goos: windows
-            goarch: 386
-            assetname: win7-32
-          # END Windows 7
-      fail-fast: false
-
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos}}
-      GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
-      CGO_ENABLED: 0
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-
-      - name: Show workflow information
-        run: |
-          _NAME=${{ matrix.assetname }}
-          echo "GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}, GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}, RELEASE_NAME: $_NAME"
-          echo "ASSET_NAME=$_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
-        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
-          check-latest: true
-
-      - name: Setup patched builder
-        run: |
-          GOSDK=$(go env GOROOT)
-          rm -r $GOSDK/*
-          cd $GOSDK
-          curl -O -L -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" https://github.com/XTLS/go-win7/releases/latest/download/go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip
-          unzip ./go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip -d $GOSDK
-          rm ./go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip
-
-      - name: Get project dependencies
-        run: go mod download
-
-      - name: Build Xray
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p build_assets
-          COMMID=$(git describe --always --dirty)
-          echo 'Building Xray for Windows 7...'
-          go build -o build_assets/xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-          echo 'CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run "xray.exe -config config.json",0' > build_assets/xray_no_window.vbs
-          echo 'Start-Process -FilePath ".\xray.exe" -ArgumentList "-config .\config.json" -WindowStyle Hidden' > build_assets/xray_no_window.ps1
-          # The line below is for without running conhost.exe version. Commented for not being used. Provided for reference.
-          # go build -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-H windowsgui -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Copy README.md & LICENSE
-        run: |
-          mv -f resources/* build_assets
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/README.md ./build_assets/README.md
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/LICENSE ./build_assets/LICENSE
-
-      - name: Create ZIP archive
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          pushd build_assets || exit 1
-          touch -mt $(date +%Y01010000) *
-          zip -9vr ../Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip .
-          popd || exit 1
-          FILE=./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip
-          DGST=$FILE.dgst
-          for METHOD in {"md5","sha1","sha256","sha512"}
-          do
-            openssl dgst -$METHOD $FILE | sed 's/([^)]*)//g' >>$DGST
-          done
-
-      - name: Change the name
-        run: |
-          mv build_assets Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
-
-      - name: Upload files to Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
-        with:
-          name: Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
-          path: |
-            ./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}/*
-
-      - name: Upload binaries to release
-        uses: svenstaro/upload-release-action@v2
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
-        with:
-          repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          file: ./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip*
-          tag: ${{ github.ref }}
-          file_glob: true
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -1,61 +1,76 @@
 name: Build and Release

+# NOTE: This Github Actions file depends on the Makefile.
+#       Building the correct package requires the correct binaries generated by the Makefile. To 
+#       ensure the correct output, the Makefile must accept the appropriate input and compile the 
+#       correct file with the correct name. If you need to modify this file, please ensure it won't 
+#       disrupt the Makefile.
+
 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
  release:
    types: [published]
  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/release.yml"
  pull_request:
    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/release.yml"
 jobs:
-  check-assets:
+  prepare:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
+      - name: Restore Cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          path: resources
          key: xray-geodat-

-      - name: Check Assets Existence
-        id: check-assets
-        run: |
-          [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-          LIST=('geoip.dat' 'geosite.dat')
-          for FILE_NAME in "${LIST[@]}"
-          do
-            echo -e "Checking ${FILE_NAME}..."
-            if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ]; then
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} exists."
-            else
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} does not exist."
-              echo "missing=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              break
-            fi
-          done
-
-      - name: Trigger Asset Update Workflow if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+      - name: Update Geodat
+        id: update
+        uses: nick-fields/retry@v3
        with:
-          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          script: |
-            const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
-            await github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
-              owner,
-              repo,
-              workflow_id: 'scheduled-assets-update.yml',
-              ref: context.ref
-            });
-            console.log('Triggered scheduled-assets-update.yml due to missing assets on branch:', context.ref);
+          timeout_minutes: 60
+          retry_wait_seconds: 60
+          max_attempts: 60
+          command: |
+            [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
+            LIST=('geoip geoip geoip' 'domain-list-community dlc geosite')
+            for i in "${LIST[@]}"
+            do
+              INFO=($(echo $i | awk 'BEGIN{FS=" ";OFS=" "} {print $1,$2,$3}'))
+              FILE_NAME="${INFO[2]}.dat"
+              echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
+              HASH="$(curl -sL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat.sha256sum" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
+              if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ] && [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ]; then
+                  continue
+              else
+                  echo -e "Downloading https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat..."
+                  curl -L "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat" -o ./resources/${FILE_NAME}
+                  echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
+                  [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ] || { echo -e "The HASH key of ${FILE_NAME} does not match cloud one."; exit 1; }
+                  echo "unhit=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              fi
+            done

-      - name: Sleep for 90 seconds if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        run: sleep 90
+      - name: Save Cache
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        if: ${{ steps.update.outputs.unhit }}
+        with:
+          path: resources
+          key: xray-geodat-${{ github.sha }}-${{ github.run_number }}

  build:
-    needs: check-assets
+    needs: prepare
    permissions:
      contents: write
    strategy:
@@ -63,7 +78,9 @@ jobs:
        # Include amd64 on all platforms.
        goos: [windows, freebsd, openbsd, linux, darwin]
        goarch: [amd64, 386]
+        gotoolchain: [""]
        patch-assetname: [""]
+
        exclude:
          # Exclude i386 on darwin
          - goarch: 386
@@ -88,11 +105,6 @@ jobs:
          - goos: android
            goarch: arm64
          # END Android ARM 8
-          # BEGIN Android AMD64
-          - goos: android
-            goarch: amd64
-            patch-assetname: android-amd64
-          # END Android AMD64
          # Windows ARM
          - goos: windows
            goarch: arm64
@@ -143,6 +155,16 @@ jobs:
            goarch: arm
            goarm: 7
          # END OPENBSD ARM
+          # BEGIN Windows 7
+          - goos: windows
+            goarch: amd64
+            gotoolchain: 1.21.4
+            patch-assetname: win7-64
+          - goos: windows
+            goarch: 386
+            gotoolchain: 1.21.4
+            patch-assetname: win7-32
+          # END Windows 7
      fail-fast: false

    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -153,20 +175,7 @@ jobs:
      CGO_ENABLED: 0
    steps:
      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-
-      - name: Set up NDK
-        if: matrix.goos == 'android'
-        run: |
-          wget -qO android-ndk.zip https://dl.google.com/android/repository/android-ndk-r28b-linux.zip
-          unzip android-ndk.zip
-          rm android-ndk.zip
-          declare -A arches=(
-            ["amd64"]="x86_64-linux-android24-clang"
-            ["arm64"]="aarch64-linux-android24-clang"
-          )
-          echo CC="$(realpath android-ndk-*/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin)/${arches[${{ matrix.goarch }}]}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo CGO_ENABLED=1 >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Show workflow information
        run: |
@@ -176,37 +185,21 @@ jobs:
          echo "ASSET_NAME=$_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV

      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.gotoolchain || '1.23' }}
          check-latest: true

      - name: Get project dependencies
        run: go mod download
-
+      
      - name: Build Xray
        run: |
          mkdir -p build_assets
-          COMMID=$(git describe --always --dirty)
-          if [[ ${GOOS} == 'windows' ]]; then
-            echo 'Building Xray for Windows...'
-            go build -o build_assets/xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            echo 'CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run "xray.exe -config config.json",0' > build_assets/xray_no_window.vbs
-            echo 'Start-Process -FilePath ".\xray.exe" -ArgumentList "-config .\config.json" -WindowStyle Hidden' > build_assets/xray_no_window.ps1
-            # The line below is for without running conhost.exe version. Commented for not being used. Provided for reference.
-            # go build -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-H windowsgui -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-          else
-            echo 'Building Xray...'
-            if [[ ${GOARCH} == 'mips' || ${GOARCH} == 'mipsle' ]]; then
-              go build -o build_assets/xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-              echo 'Building soft-float Xray for MIPS/MIPSLE 32-bit...'
-              GOMIPS=softfloat go build -o build_assets/xray_softfloat -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            else
-              go build -o build_assets/xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            fi
-          fi
+          make
+          find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -regex './\(wxray\|xray\|xray_softfloat\)\(\|.exe\)' -exec mv {} ./build_assets/ \;

-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
+      - name: Restore Cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          path: resources
@@ -238,7 +231,7 @@ jobs:
          mv build_assets Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}

      - name: Upload files to Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
          path: |
--- a/.github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-name: Scheduled assets update
-
-# NOTE: This Github Actions is required by other actions, for preparing other packaging assets in a
-#       routine manner, for example: GeoIP/GeoSite.
-#       Currently updating:
-#       - Geodat (GeoIP/Geosite)
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    # Update GeoData on every day (22:30 UTC)
-    - cron: "30 22 * * *"
-  push:
-    # Prevent triggering update request storm
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml"
-  pull_request:
-    # Prevent triggering update request storm
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml"
-
-jobs:
-  geodat:
-    if: github.event.schedule == '30 22 * * *' || github.event_name == 'push'|| github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Update Geodat
-        id: update
-        uses: nick-fields/retry@v3
-        with:
-          timeout_minutes: 60
-          retry_wait_seconds: 60
-          max_attempts: 60
-          command: |
-            [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-            LIST=('Loyalsoldier v2ray-rules-dat geoip geoip' 'Loyalsoldier v2ray-rules-dat geosite geosite')
-            for i in "${LIST[@]}"
-            do
-              INFO=($(echo $i | awk 'BEGIN{FS=" ";OFS=" "} {print $1,$2,$3,$4}'))
-              FILE_NAME="${INFO[3]}.dat"
-              echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
-              HASH="$(curl -sL -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat.sha256sum" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
-              if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ] && [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ]; then
-                  continue
-              else
-                  echo -e "Downloading https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat..."
-                  curl -L -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat" -o ./resources/${FILE_NAME}
-                  echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
-                  [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ] || { echo -e "The HASH key of ${FILE_NAME} does not match cloud one."; exit 1; }
-                  echo "unhit=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              fi
-            done
-
-      - name: Save Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
-        if: ${{ steps.update.outputs.unhit }}
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-${{ github.sha }}-${{ github.run_number }}
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -2,40 +2,23 @@ name: Test

 on:
  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"
  pull_request:
    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"

 jobs:
-  check-assets:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-      - name: Check Assets Existence
-        id: check-assets
-        run: |
-          [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-          LIST=('geoip.dat' 'geosite.dat')
-          for FILE_NAME in "${LIST[@]}"
-          do
-            echo -e "Checking ${FILE_NAME}..."
-            if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ]; then
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} exists."
-            else
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} does not exist."
-              echo "missing=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              break
-            fi
-          done
-      - name: Sleep for 90 seconds if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        run: sleep 90
-
  test:
-    needs: check-assets
    permissions:
      contents: read
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
@@ -45,13 +28,13 @@ jobs:
        os: [windows-latest, ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.23'
          check-latest: true
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
+      - name: Restore Cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          path: resources
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -11,23 +11,13 @@
 # Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
 *.out

-# macOS specific files
-.DS_Store
+# Dependency directories (remove the comment below to include it)
+# vendor/

-# IDE/editor specific files
-.idea/
-.vscode/
-*.swp
-*.swo
-
-# Archives and compressed files
+*.DS_Store
+.idea
 *.zip
 *.tar.gz
-*.tar
-*.gz
-*.bz2
-
-# Go build binaries
 xray
 xray_softfloat
 mockgen
@@ -36,33 +26,8 @@ vprotogen
 errorgen
 !common/errors/errorgen/
 *.dat
-
-# Build assets
-/build_assets/
+.vscode
+/build_assets

 # Output from dlv test
 **/debug.*
-
-# Certificates and keys
-*.crt
-*.key
-
-# Dependency directories (uncomment if needed)
-# vendor/
-
-# Logs
-*.log
-
-# Coverage reports
-coverage.*
-
-# Node modules (in case of frontend assets)
-node_modules/
-
-# System files
-Thumbs.db
-ehthumbs.db
-
-# Other common ignores
-*.bak
-*.tmp
--- a/37
+++ b/37
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+NAME = xray
+
+VERSION=$(shell git describe --always --dirty)
+
+# NOTE: This MAKEFILE can be used to build Xray-core locally and in Automatic workflows. It is \
+	provided for convenience in automatic building and functions as a part of it.
+# NOTE: If you need to modify this file, please be aware that:\
+	- This file is not the main Makefile; it only accepts environment variables and builds the \
+	binary.\
+	- Automatic building expects the correct binaries to be built by this Makefile. If you \
+	intend to propose a change to this Makefile, carefully review the file below and ensure \
+	that the change will not accidentally break the automatic building:\
+		.github/workflows/release.yml \
+	Otherwise it is recommended to contact the project maintainers.
+
+LDFLAGS = -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=$(VERSION) -s -w -buildid=
+PARAMS = -trimpath -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -v
+MAIN = ./main
+PREFIX ?= $(shell go env GOPATH)
+ifeq ($(GOOS),windows)
+OUTPUT = $(NAME).exe
+ADDITION = go build -o w$(NAME).exe -trimpath -ldflags "-H windowsgui $(LDFLAGS)" -v $(MAIN)
+else
+OUTPUT = $(NAME)
+endif
+ifeq ($(shell echo "$(GOARCH)" | grep -Eq "(mips|mipsle)" && echo true),true) # 
+ADDITION = GOMIPS=softfloat go build -o $(NAME)_softfloat -trimpath -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -v $(MAIN)
+endif
+.PHONY: clean build
+
+build:
+	go build -o $(OUTPUT) $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
+	$(ADDITION)
+
+clean:
+	go clean -v -i $(PWD)
+	rm -f xray xray.exe wxray.exe xray_softfloat
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -4,30 +4,9 @@

 [README](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core#readme) is open, so feel free to submit your project [here](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pulls).

-## Sponsors
-
-[![Remnawave](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a22d34ae-01ee-441c-843a-85356748ed1e)](https://docs.rw)
-
-[![Happ](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/14055dab-e8bb-48bd-89e8-962709e4098e)](https://happ.su)
-
-[**Sponsor Xray-core**](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/issues/3668)
-
 ## Donation & NFTs

-### [Collect a Project X NFT to support the development of Project X!](https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/1)
-
-[<img alt="Project X NFT" width="150px" src="https://raw2.seadn.io/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/7fa9ce900fb39b44226348db330e32/8b7fa9ce900fb39b44226348db330e32.svg" />](https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/1)
-
- **TRX(Tron)/USDT/USDC: `TNrDh5VSfwd4RPrwsohr6poyNTfFefNYan`**
- **TON: `UQApeV-u2gm43aC1uP76xAC1m6vCylstaN1gpfBmre_5IyTH`**
- **BTC: `1JpqcziZZuqv3QQJhZGNGBVdCBrGgkL6cT`**
- **XMR: `4ABHQZ3yJZkBnLoqiKvb3f8eqUnX4iMPb6wdant5ZLGQELctcerceSGEfJnoCk6nnyRZm73wrwSgvZ2WmjYLng6R7sR67nq`**
- **SOL/USDT/USDC: `3x5NuXHzB5APG6vRinPZcsUv5ukWUY1tBGRSJiEJWtZa`**
- **ETH/USDT/USDC: `0xDc3Fe44F0f25D13CACb1C4896CD0D321df3146Ee`**
- **Project X NFT: https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/1**
- **VLESS NFT: https://opensea.io/collection/vless**
- **REALITY NFT: https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/2**
- **Related links: [VLESS Post-Quantum Encryption](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pull/5067), [XHTTP: Beyond REALITY](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/4113), [Announcement of NFTs by Project X](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/3633)**
+[Announcement of NFTs by Project X](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/3633)

 ## License

@@ -43,9 +22,7 @@

 [Project X Channel](https://t.me/projectXtls)

-[Project VLESS](https://t.me/projectVless) (Русский)
-
-[Project XHTTP](https://t.me/projectXhttp) (Persian)
+[Project VLESS](https://t.me/projectVless) (non-Chinese)

 ## Installation

@@ -57,15 +34,12 @@
  - [teddysun/xray](https://hub.docker.com/r/teddysun/xray)
  - [wulabing/xray_docker](https://github.com/wulabing/xray_docker)
 - Web Panel - **WARNING: Please DO NOT USE plain HTTP panels like 3X-UI**, as they are believed to be bribed by Iran GFW for supporting plain HTTP by default and refused to change (https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pull/3884#issuecomment-2439595331), which has already put many users' data security in danger in the past few years. **If you are already using 3X-UI, please switch to the following panels, which are verified to support HTTPS and SSH port forwarding only:**
-  - [Remnawave](https://github.com/remnawave/panel)
-  - [X-Panel](https://github.com/xeefei/X-Panel)
-  - [PasarGuard](https://github.com/PasarGuard/panel)
  - [Marzban](https://github.com/Gozargah/Marzban)
  - [Xray-UI](https://github.com/qist/xray-ui)
  - [Hiddify](https://github.com/hiddify/Hiddify-Manager)
 - One Click
  - [Xray-REALITY](https://github.com/zxcvos/Xray-script), [xray-reality](https://github.com/sajjaddg/xray-reality), [reality-ezpz](https://github.com/aleskxyz/reality-ezpz)
-  - [Xray_bash_onekey](https://github.com/hello-yunshu/Xray_bash_onekey), [XTool](https://github.com/LordPenguin666/XTool), [VPainLess](https://github.com/vpainless/vpainless)
+  - [Xray_bash_onekey](https://github.com/hello-yunshu/Xray_bash_onekey), [XTool](https://github.com/LordPenguin666/XTool)
  - [v2ray-agent](https://github.com/mack-a/v2ray-agent), [Xray_onekey](https://github.com/wulabing/Xray_onekey), [ProxySU](https://github.com/proxysu/ProxySU)
 - Magisk
  - [Xray4Magisk](https://github.com/Asterisk4Magisk/Xray4Magisk)
@@ -96,51 +70,34 @@
  - [PassWall](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall), [PassWall 2](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall2)
  - [ShadowSocksR Plus+](https://github.com/fw876/helloworld)
  - [luci-app-xray](https://github.com/yichya/luci-app-xray) ([openwrt-xray](https://github.com/yichya/openwrt-xray))
- Asuswrt-Merlin
-  - [XRAYUI](https://github.com/DanielLavrushin/asuswrt-merlin-xrayui)
 - Windows
  - [v2rayN](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN)
  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
  - [Invisible Man - Xray](https://github.com/InvisibleManVPN/InvisibleMan-XRayClient)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
 - Android
  - [v2rayNG](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayNG)
  - [X-flutter](https://github.com/XTLS/X-flutter)
  - [SaeedDev94/Xray](https://github.com/SaeedDev94/Xray)
-  - [SimpleXray](https://github.com/lhear/SimpleXray)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
- iOS & macOS arm64 & tvOS
-  - [Happ](https://apps.apple.com/app/happ-proxy-utility/id6504287215) ([tvOS](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/happ-proxy-utility-for-tv/id6748297274))
+- iOS & macOS arm64
+  - [FoXray](https://apps.apple.com/app/foxray/id6448898396)
  - [Streisand](https://apps.apple.com/app/streisand/id6450534064)
-  - [OneXray](https://github.com/OneXray/OneXray)
 - macOS arm64 & x64
-  - [Happ](https://apps.apple.com/app/happ-proxy-utility/id6504287215)
  - [V2rayU](https://github.com/yanue/V2rayU)
  - [V2RayXS](https://github.com/tzmax/V2RayXS)
  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-  - [OneXray](https://github.com/OneXray/OneXray)
-  - [GoXRay](https://github.com/goxray/desktop)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
-  - [v2rayN](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN)
+  - [FoXray](https://apps.apple.com/app/foxray/id6448898396)
 - Linux
  - [v2rayA](https://github.com/v2rayA/v2rayA)
  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-  - [GorzRay](https://github.com/ketetefid/GorzRay)
-  - [GoXRay](https://github.com/goxray/desktop)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
-  - [v2rayN](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN)

 ## Others that support VLESS, XTLS, REALITY, XUDP, PLUX...

- iOS & macOS arm64 & tvOS
+- iOS & macOS arm64
  - [Shadowrocket](https://apps.apple.com/app/shadowrocket/id932747118)
-  - [Loon](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/loon/id1373567447)
 - Xray Tools
  - [xray-knife](https://github.com/lilendian0x00/xray-knife)
-  - [xray-checker](https://github.com/kutovoys/xray-checker)
 - Xray Wrapper
  - [XTLS/libXray](https://github.com/XTLS/libXray)
-  - [xtls-sdk](https://github.com/remnawave/xtls-sdk)
  - [xtlsapi](https://github.com/hiddify/xtlsapi)
  - [AndroidLibXrayLite](https://github.com/2dust/AndroidLibXrayLite)
  - [Xray-core-python](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Xray-core-python)
@@ -148,49 +105,39 @@
 - [XrayR](https://github.com/XrayR-project/XrayR)
  - [XrayR-release](https://github.com/XrayR-project/XrayR-release)
  - [XrayR-V2Board](https://github.com/missuo/XrayR-V2Board)
- Cores
-  - [Amnezia VPN](https://github.com/amnezia-vpn)
-  - [mihomo](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/mihomo)
-  - [sing-box](https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box)
+- [Clash.Meta](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/Clash.Meta)
+  - [clashN](https://github.com/2dust/clashN)
+  - [Clash Meta for Android](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/ClashMetaForAndroid)
+- [sing-box](https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box)

 ## Contributing

 [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

-[![Ask DeepWiki](https://deepwiki.com/badge.svg)](https://deepwiki.com/XTLS/Xray-core)
-
 ## Credits

 - [Xray-core v1.0.0](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases/tag/v1.0.0) was forked from [v2fly-core 9a03cc5](https://github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core/commit/9a03cc5c98d04cc28320fcee26dbc236b3291256), and we have made & accumulated a huge number of enhancements over time, check [the release notes for each version](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases).
 - For third-party projects used in [Xray-core](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core), check your local or [the latest go.mod](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/go.mod).

-## One-line Compilation
+## Compilation

 ### Windows (PowerShell)

 ```powershell
 $env:CGO_ENABLED=0
-go build -o xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
+go build -o xray.exe -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
 ```

 ### Linux / macOS

 ```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
+CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
 ```

 ### Reproducible Releases

-Make sure that you are using the same Go version, and remember to set the git commit id (7 bytes):
-
 ```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=REPLACE -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-```
-
-If you are compiling a 32-bit MIPS/MIPSLE target, use this command instead:
-
-```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=REPLACE -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
+make
 ```

 ## Stargazers over time
--- a/app/commander/outbound.go
+++ b/app/commander/outbound.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
 )
@@ -109,13 +108,3 @@ func (co *Outbound) Close() error {
 	co.closed = true
 	return co.listener.Close()
 }
-
-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/dispatcher/default.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/default.go
@@ -29,25 +29,27 @@ var errSniffingTimeout = errors.New("timeout on sniffing")

 type cachedReader struct {
 	sync.Mutex
-	reader buf.TimeoutReader // *pipe.Reader or *buf.TimeoutWrapperReader
+	reader *pipe.Reader
 	cache  buf.MultiBuffer
 }

-func (r *cachedReader) Cache(b *buf.Buffer, deadline time.Duration) error {
-	mb, err := r.reader.ReadMultiBufferTimeout(deadline)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+func (r *cachedReader) Cache(b *buf.Buffer) {
+	mb, _ := r.reader.ReadMultiBufferTimeout(time.Millisecond * 100)
 	r.Lock()
 	if !mb.IsEmpty() {
 		r.cache, _ = buf.MergeMulti(r.cache, mb)
 	}
-	b.Clear()
-	rawBytes := b.Extend(min(r.cache.Len(), b.Cap()))
+	cacheLen := r.cache.Len()
+	if cacheLen <= b.Cap() {
+		b.Clear()
+	} else {
+		b.Release()
+		*b = *buf.NewWithSize(cacheLen)
+	}
+	rawBytes := b.Extend(cacheLen)
 	n := r.cache.Copy(rawBytes)
 	b.Resize(0, int32(n))
 	r.Unlock()
-	return nil
 }

 func (r *cachedReader) readInternal() buf.MultiBuffer {
@@ -87,9 +89,7 @@ func (r *cachedReader) Interrupt() {
 		r.cache = buf.ReleaseMulti(r.cache)
 	}
 	r.Unlock()
-	if p, ok := r.reader.(*pipe.Reader); ok {
-		p.Interrupt()
-	}
+	r.reader.Interrupt()
 }

 // DefaultDispatcher is a default implementation of Dispatcher.
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ type DefaultDispatcher struct {
 	router routing.Router
 	policy policy.Manager
 	stats  stats.Manager
+	dns    dns.Client
 	fdns   dns.FakeDNSEngine
 }

@@ -105,10 +106,10 @@ func init() {
 	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		d := new(DefaultDispatcher)
 		if err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager, dc dns.Client) error {
-			core.OptionalFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
+			core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
 				d.fdns = fdns
 			})
-			return d.Init(config.(*Config), om, router, pm, sm)
+			return d.Init(config.(*Config), om, router, pm, sm, dc)
 		}); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -117,11 +118,12 @@ func init() {
 }

 // Init initializes DefaultDispatcher.
-func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Init(config *Config, om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager) error {
+func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Init(config *Config, om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager, dns dns.Client) error {
 	d.ohm = om
 	d.router = router
 	d.policy = pm
 	d.stats = sm
+	d.dns = dns
 	return nil
 }

@@ -196,47 +198,6 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) getLink(ctx context.Context) (*transport.Link, *tran
 	return inboundLink, outboundLink
 }

-func (d *DefaultDispatcher) WrapLink(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) *transport.Link {
-	sessionInbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-	var user *protocol.MemoryUser
-	if sessionInbound != nil {
-		user = sessionInbound.User
-	}
-
-	link.Reader = &buf.TimeoutWrapperReader{Reader: link.Reader}
-
-	if user != nil && len(user.Email) > 0 {
-		p := d.policy.ForLevel(user.Level)
-		if p.Stats.UserUplink {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>traffic>>>uplink"
-			if c, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterCounter(d.stats, name); c != nil {
-				link.Reader.(*buf.TimeoutWrapperReader).Counter = c
-			}
-		}
-		if p.Stats.UserDownlink {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>traffic>>>downlink"
-			if c, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterCounter(d.stats, name); c != nil {
-				link.Writer = &SizeStatWriter{
-					Counter: c,
-					Writer:  link.Writer,
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if p.Stats.UserOnline {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online"
-			if om, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterOnlineMap(d.stats, name); om != nil {
-				sessionInbounds := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-				userIP := sessionInbounds.Source.Address.String()
-				om.AddIP(userIP)
-				// log Online user with ips
-				// errors.LogDebug(ctx, "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online", om.Count(), om.List())
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return link
-}
-
 func (d *DefaultDispatcher) shouldOverride(ctx context.Context, result SniffResult, request session.SniffingRequest, destination net.Destination) bool {
 	domain := result.Domain()
 	if domain == "" {
@@ -357,13 +318,12 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, destination net.De
 		content = new(session.Content)
 		ctx = session.ContextWithContent(ctx, content)
 	}
-	outbound = d.WrapLink(ctx, outbound)
 	sniffingRequest := content.SniffingRequest
 	if !sniffingRequest.Enabled {
 		d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
 	} else {
 		cReader := &cachedReader{
-			reader: outbound.Reader.(buf.TimeoutReader),
+			reader: outbound.Reader.(*pipe.Reader),
 		}
 		outbound.Reader = cReader
 		result, err := sniffer(ctx, cReader, sniffingRequest.MetadataOnly, destination.Network)
@@ -395,7 +355,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, destination net.De
 }

 func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, network net.Network) (SniffResult, error) {
-	payload := buf.NewWithSize(32767)
+	payload := buf.New()
 	defer payload.Release()

 	sniffer := NewSniffer(ctx)
@@ -407,36 +367,26 @@ func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, netw
 	}

 	contentResult, contentErr := func() (SniffResult, error) {
-		cacheDeadline := 200 * time.Millisecond
 		totalAttempt := 0
 		for {
 			select {
 			case <-ctx.Done():
 				return nil, ctx.Err()
 			default:
-				cachingStartingTimeStamp := time.Now()
-				err := cReader.Cache(payload, cacheDeadline)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
+				totalAttempt++
+				if totalAttempt > 2 {
+					return nil, errSniffingTimeout
 				}
-				cachingTimeElapsed := time.Since(cachingStartingTimeStamp)
-				cacheDeadline -= cachingTimeElapsed

+				cReader.Cache(payload)
 				if !payload.IsEmpty() {
 					result, err := sniffer.Sniff(ctx, payload.Bytes(), network)
-					switch err {
-					case common.ErrNoClue: // No Clue: protocol not matches, and sniffer cannot determine whether there will be a match or not
-						totalAttempt++
-					case protocol.ErrProtoNeedMoreData: // Protocol Need More Data: protocol matches, but need more data to complete sniffing
-						// in this case, do not add totalAttempt(allow to read until timeout)
-					default:
+					if err != common.ErrNoClue {
 						return result, err
 					}
-				} else {
-					totalAttempt++
 				}
-				if totalAttempt >= 2 || cacheDeadline <= 0 {
-					return nil, errSniffingTimeout
+				if payload.IsFull() {
+					return nil, errUnknownContent
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -452,6 +402,18 @@ func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, netw
 func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link, destination net.Destination) {
 	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
 	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
+	if hosts, ok := d.dns.(dns.HostsLookup); ok && destination.Address.Family().IsDomain() {
+		proxied := hosts.LookupHosts(ob.Target.String())
+		if proxied != nil {
+			ro := ob.RouteTarget == destination
+			destination.Address = *proxied
+			if ro {
+				ob.RouteTarget = destination
+			} else {
+				ob.Target = destination
+			}
+		}
+	}

 	var handler outbound.Handler

@@ -483,9 +445,6 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.
 				handler = h
 			} else {
 				errors.LogWarning(ctx, "non existing outTag: ", outTag)
-				common.Close(link.Writer)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
-				return // DO NOT CHANGE: the traffic shouldn't be processed by default outbound if the specified outbound tag doesn't exist (yet), e.g., VLESS Reverse Proxy
 			}
 		} else {
 			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "default route for ", destination)
--- a/app/dispatcher/sniffer.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/sniffer.go
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/bittorrent"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/http"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/quic"
@@ -59,17 +58,14 @@ var errUnknownContent = errors.New("unknown content")
 func (s *Sniffer) Sniff(c context.Context, payload []byte, network net.Network) (SniffResult, error) {
 	var pendingSniffer []protocolSnifferWithMetadata
 	for _, si := range s.sniffer {
-		protocolSniffer := si.protocolSniffer
+		s := si.protocolSniffer
 		if si.metadataSniffer || si.network != network {
 			continue
 		}
-		result, err := protocolSniffer(c, payload)
+		result, err := s(c, payload)
 		if err == common.ErrNoClue {
 			pendingSniffer = append(pendingSniffer, si)
 			continue
-		} else if err == protocol.ErrProtoNeedMoreData { // Sniffer protocol matched, but need more data to complete sniffing
-			s.sniffer = []protocolSnifferWithMetadata{si}
-			return nil, err
 		}

 		if err == nil && result != nil {
--- a/app/dns/cache_controller.go
+++ b/app/dns/cache_controller.go
@@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
-package dns
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	go_errors "errors"
-	"runtime"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
-	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
-
-	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
-	"golang.org/x/sync/singleflight"
-)
-
-const (
-	minSizeForEmptyRebuild  = 512
-	shrinkAbsoluteThreshold = 10240
-	shrinkRatioThreshold    = 0.65
-	migrationBatchSize      = 4096
-)
-
-type CacheController struct {
-	name            string
-	disableCache    bool
-	serveStale      bool
-	serveExpiredTTL int32
-
-	ips      map[string]*record
-	dirtyips map[string]*record
-
-	sync.RWMutex
-	pub           *pubsub.Service
-	cacheCleanup  *task.Periodic
-	highWatermark int
-	requestGroup  singleflight.Group
-}
-
-func NewCacheController(name string, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32) *CacheController {
-	c := &CacheController{
-		name:            name,
-		disableCache:    disableCache,
-		serveStale:      serveStale,
-		serveExpiredTTL: -int32(serveExpiredTTL),
-		ips:             make(map[string]*record),
-		pub:             pubsub.NewService(),
-	}
-
-	c.cacheCleanup = &task.Periodic{
-		Interval: 300 * time.Second,
-		Execute:  c.CacheCleanup,
-	}
-	return c
-}
-
-// CacheCleanup clears expired items from cache
-func (c *CacheController) CacheCleanup() error {
-	expiredKeys, err := c.collectExpiredKeys()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if len(expiredKeys) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	c.writeAndShrink(expiredKeys)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) collectExpiredKeys() ([]string, error) {
-	c.RLock()
-	defer c.RUnlock()
-
-	if len(c.ips) == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
-	}
-
-	// skip collection if a migration is in progress
-	if c.dirtyips != nil {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	now := time.Now()
-	if c.serveStale && c.serveExpiredTTL != 0 {
-		now = now.Add(time.Duration(c.serveExpiredTTL) * time.Second)
-	}
-
-	expiredKeys := make([]string, 0, len(c.ips)/4) // pre-allocate
-
-	for domain, rec := range c.ips {
-		if (rec.A != nil && rec.A.Expire.Before(now)) ||
-			(rec.AAAA != nil && rec.AAAA.Expire.Before(now)) {
-			expiredKeys = append(expiredKeys, domain)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return expiredKeys, nil
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) writeAndShrink(expiredKeys []string) {
-	c.Lock()
-	defer c.Unlock()
-
-	// double check to prevent upper call multiple cleanup tasks
-	if c.dirtyips != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	lenBefore := len(c.ips)
-	if lenBefore > c.highWatermark {
-		c.highWatermark = lenBefore
-	}
-
-	now := time.Now()
-	if c.serveStale && c.serveExpiredTTL != 0 {
-		now = now.Add(time.Duration(c.serveExpiredTTL) * time.Second)
-	}
-
-	for _, domain := range expiredKeys {
-		rec := c.ips[domain]
-		if rec == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		if rec.A != nil && rec.A.Expire.Before(now) {
-			rec.A = nil
-		}
-		if rec.AAAA != nil && rec.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
-			rec.AAAA = nil
-		}
-		if rec.A == nil && rec.AAAA == nil {
-			delete(c.ips, domain)
-		}
-	}
-
-	lenAfter := len(c.ips)
-
-	if lenAfter == 0 {
-		if c.highWatermark >= minSizeForEmptyRebuild {
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), c.name,
-				" rebuilding empty cache map to reclaim memory.",
-				" size_before_cleanup=", lenBefore,
-				" peak_size_before_rebuild=", c.highWatermark,
-			)
-
-			c.ips = make(map[string]*record)
-			c.highWatermark = 0
-		}
-		return
-	}
-
-	if reductionFromPeak := c.highWatermark - lenAfter; reductionFromPeak > shrinkAbsoluteThreshold &&
-		float64(reductionFromPeak) > float64(c.highWatermark)*shrinkRatioThreshold {
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), c.name,
-			" shrinking cache map to reclaim memory.",
-			" new_size=", lenAfter,
-			" peak_size_before_shrink=", c.highWatermark,
-			" reduction_since_peak=", reductionFromPeak,
-		)
-
-		c.dirtyips = c.ips
-		c.ips = make(map[string]*record, int(float64(lenAfter)*1.1))
-		c.highWatermark = lenAfter
-		go c.migrate()
-	}
-
-}
-
-type migrationEntry struct {
-	key   string
-	value *record
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) migrate() {
-	defer func() {
-		if r := recover(); r != nil {
-			errors.LogError(context.Background(), c.name, " panic during cache migration: ", r)
-			c.Lock()
-			c.dirtyips = nil
-			// c.ips = make(map[string]*record)
-			// c.highWatermark = 0
-			c.Unlock()
-		}
-	}()
-
-	c.RLock()
-	dirtyips := c.dirtyips
-	c.RUnlock()
-
-	// double check to prevent upper call multiple cleanup tasks
-	if dirtyips == nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), c.name, " starting background cache migration for ", len(dirtyips), " items")
-
-	batch := make([]migrationEntry, 0, migrationBatchSize)
-	for domain, recD := range dirtyips {
-		batch = append(batch, migrationEntry{domain, recD})
-
-		if len(batch) >= migrationBatchSize {
-			c.flush(batch)
-			batch = batch[:0]
-			runtime.Gosched()
-		}
-	}
-	if len(batch) > 0 {
-		c.flush(batch)
-	}
-
-	c.Lock()
-	c.dirtyips = nil
-	c.Unlock()
-
-	errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), c.name, " cache migration completed")
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) flush(batch []migrationEntry) {
-	c.Lock()
-	defer c.Unlock()
-
-	for _, dirty := range batch {
-		if cur := c.ips[dirty.key]; cur != nil {
-			merge := &record{}
-			if cur.A == nil {
-				merge.A = dirty.value.A
-			} else {
-				merge.A = cur.A
-			}
-			if cur.AAAA == nil {
-				merge.AAAA = dirty.value.AAAA
-			} else {
-				merge.AAAA = cur.AAAA
-			}
-			c.ips[dirty.key] = merge
-		} else {
-			c.ips[dirty.key] = dirty.value
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) updateRecord(req *dnsRequest, rep *IPRecord) {
-	rtt := time.Since(req.start)
-
-	switch req.reqType {
-	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
-		c.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", rep)
-	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
-		c.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", rep)
-	}
-
-	if c.disableCache {
-		errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), c.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", rep.IP, ", rtt: ", rtt)
-		return
-	}
-
-	c.Lock()
-	lockWait := time.Since(req.start) - rtt
-
-	newRec := &record{}
-	oldRec := c.ips[req.domain]
-	var dirtyRec *record
-	if c.dirtyips != nil {
-		dirtyRec = c.dirtyips[req.domain]
-	}
-
-	var pubRecord *IPRecord
-	var pubSuffix string
-
-	switch req.reqType {
-	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
-		newRec.A = rep
-		if oldRec != nil && oldRec.AAAA != nil {
-			newRec.AAAA = oldRec.AAAA
-			pubRecord = oldRec.AAAA
-		} else if dirtyRec != nil && dirtyRec.AAAA != nil {
-			pubRecord = dirtyRec.AAAA
-		}
-		pubSuffix = "6"
-	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
-		newRec.AAAA = rep
-		if oldRec != nil && oldRec.A != nil {
-			newRec.A = oldRec.A
-			pubRecord = oldRec.A
-		} else if dirtyRec != nil && dirtyRec.A != nil {
-			pubRecord = dirtyRec.A
-		}
-		pubSuffix = "4"
-	}
-
-	c.ips[req.domain] = newRec
-	c.Unlock()
-
-	if pubRecord != nil {
-		_, ttl, err := pubRecord.getIPs()
-		if ttl > 0 && !go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			c.pub.Publish(req.domain+pubSuffix, pubRecord)
-		}
-	}
-
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), c.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", rep.IP, ", rtt: ", rtt, ", lock: ", lockWait)
-
-	if !c.serveStale || c.serveExpiredTTL != 0 {
-		common.Must(c.cacheCleanup.Start())
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) findRecords(domain string) *record {
-	c.RLock()
-	defer c.RUnlock()
-
-	rec := c.ips[domain]
-	if rec == nil && c.dirtyips != nil {
-		rec = c.dirtyips[domain]
-	}
-	return rec
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) registerSubscribers(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) (sub4 *pubsub.Subscriber, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber) {
-	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
-	if option.IPv4Enable {
-		sub4 = c.pub.Subscribe(domain + "4")
-	}
-	if option.IPv6Enable {
-		sub6 = c.pub.Subscribe(domain + "6")
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func closeSubscribers(sub4 *pubsub.Subscriber, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber) {
-	if sub4 != nil {
-		sub4.Close()
-	}
-	if sub6 != nil {
-		sub6.Close()
-	}
-}
--- a/app/dns/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/dns/config.pb.go
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ const (
 	QueryStrategy_USE_IP  QueryStrategy = 0
 	QueryStrategy_USE_IP4 QueryStrategy = 1
 	QueryStrategy_USE_IP6 QueryStrategy = 2
-	QueryStrategy_USE_SYS QueryStrategy = 3
 )

 // Enum value maps for QueryStrategy.
@@ -89,13 +88,11 @@ var (
 		0: "USE_IP",
 		1: "USE_IP4",
 		2: "USE_IP6",
-		3: "USE_SYS",
 	}
 	QueryStrategy_value = map[string]int32{
 		"USE_IP":  0,
 		"USE_IP4": 1,
 		"USE_IP6": 2,
-		"USE_SYS": 3,
 	}
 )

@@ -135,19 +132,9 @@ type NameServer struct {
 	ClientIp          []byte                       `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=client_ip,json=clientIp,proto3" json:"client_ip,omitempty"`
 	SkipFallback      bool                         `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=skipFallback,proto3" json:"skipFallback,omitempty"`
 	PrioritizedDomain []*NameServer_PriorityDomain `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=prioritized_domain,json=prioritizedDomain,proto3" json:"prioritized_domain,omitempty"`
-	ExpectedGeoip     []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=expected_geoip,json=expectedGeoip,proto3" json:"expected_geoip,omitempty"`
+	Geoip             []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=geoip,proto3" json:"geoip,omitempty"`
 	OriginalRules     []*NameServer_OriginalRule   `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=original_rules,json=originalRules,proto3" json:"original_rules,omitempty"`
 	QueryStrategy     QueryStrategy                `protobuf:"varint,7,opt,name=query_strategy,json=queryStrategy,proto3,enum=xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy" json:"query_strategy,omitempty"`
-	ActPrior          bool                         `protobuf:"varint,8,opt,name=actPrior,proto3" json:"actPrior,omitempty"`
-	Tag               string                       `protobuf:"bytes,9,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
-	TimeoutMs         uint64                       `protobuf:"varint,10,opt,name=timeoutMs,proto3" json:"timeoutMs,omitempty"`
-	DisableCache      *bool                        `protobuf:"varint,11,opt,name=disableCache,proto3,oneof" json:"disableCache,omitempty"`
-	ServeStale        *bool                        `protobuf:"varint,15,opt,name=serveStale,proto3,oneof" json:"serveStale,omitempty"`
-	ServeExpiredTTL   *uint32                      `protobuf:"varint,16,opt,name=serveExpiredTTL,proto3,oneof" json:"serveExpiredTTL,omitempty"`
-	FinalQuery        bool                         `protobuf:"varint,12,opt,name=finalQuery,proto3" json:"finalQuery,omitempty"`
-	UnexpectedGeoip   []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,13,rep,name=unexpected_geoip,json=unexpectedGeoip,proto3" json:"unexpected_geoip,omitempty"`
-	ActUnprior        bool                         `protobuf:"varint,14,opt,name=actUnprior,proto3" json:"actUnprior,omitempty"`
-	PolicyID          uint32                       `protobuf:"varint,17,opt,name=policyID,proto3" json:"policyID,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *NameServer) Reset() {
@@ -208,9 +195,9 @@ func (x *NameServer) GetPrioritizedDomain() []*NameServer_PriorityDomain {
 	return nil
 }

-func (x *NameServer) GetExpectedGeoip() []*router.GeoIP {
+func (x *NameServer) GetGeoip() []*router.GeoIP {
 	if x != nil {
-		return x.ExpectedGeoip
+		return x.Geoip
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -229,76 +216,6 @@ func (x *NameServer) GetQueryStrategy() QueryStrategy {
 	return QueryStrategy_USE_IP
 }

-func (x *NameServer) GetActPrior() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ActPrior
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetTag() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Tag
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetTimeoutMs() uint64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.TimeoutMs
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetDisableCache() bool {
-	if x != nil && x.DisableCache != nil {
-		return *x.DisableCache
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetServeStale() bool {
-	if x != nil && x.ServeStale != nil {
-		return *x.ServeStale
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetServeExpiredTTL() uint32 {
-	if x != nil && x.ServeExpiredTTL != nil {
-		return *x.ServeExpiredTTL
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetFinalQuery() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.FinalQuery
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetUnexpectedGeoip() []*router.GeoIP {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.UnexpectedGeoip
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetActUnprior() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ActUnprior
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetPolicyID() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.PolicyID
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 type Config struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -315,12 +232,9 @@ type Config struct {
 	Tag string `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
 	// DisableCache disables DNS cache
 	DisableCache           bool          `protobuf:"varint,8,opt,name=disableCache,proto3" json:"disableCache,omitempty"`
-	ServeStale             bool          `protobuf:"varint,12,opt,name=serveStale,proto3" json:"serveStale,omitempty"`
-	ServeExpiredTTL        uint32        `protobuf:"varint,13,opt,name=serveExpiredTTL,proto3" json:"serveExpiredTTL,omitempty"`
 	QueryStrategy          QueryStrategy `protobuf:"varint,9,opt,name=query_strategy,json=queryStrategy,proto3,enum=xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy" json:"query_strategy,omitempty"`
 	DisableFallback        bool          `protobuf:"varint,10,opt,name=disableFallback,proto3" json:"disableFallback,omitempty"`
 	DisableFallbackIfMatch bool          `protobuf:"varint,11,opt,name=disableFallbackIfMatch,proto3" json:"disableFallbackIfMatch,omitempty"`
-	EnableParallelQuery    bool          `protobuf:"varint,14,opt,name=enableParallelQuery,proto3" json:"enableParallelQuery,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
@@ -388,20 +302,6 @@ func (x *Config) GetDisableCache() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Config) GetServeStale() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ServeStale
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetServeExpiredTTL() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ServeExpiredTTL
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 func (x *Config) GetQueryStrategy() QueryStrategy {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.QueryStrategy
@@ -423,13 +323,6 @@ func (x *Config) GetDisableFallbackIfMatch() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Config) GetEnableParallelQuery() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.EnableParallelQuery
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 type NameServer_PriorityDomain struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -615,7 +508,7 @@ var file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x2e, 0x64, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x1a, 0x1c, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x74,
 	0x2f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f,
 	0x74, 0x6f, 0x1a, 0x17, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x2f, 0x63,
-	0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xdf, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x0a,
+	0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xb2, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0a,
 	0x4e, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x53, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x12, 0x33, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x61, 0x64,
 	0x64, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x19, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72,
 	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2e, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x2e, 0x45, 0x6e,
@@ -629,111 +522,75 @@ var file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x64, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x2e, 0x4e, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x65,
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+	0x64, 0x69, 0x73, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x46, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x62, 0x61, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x49,
+	0x66, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x74, 0x63, 0x68, 0x18, 0x0b, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52, 0x16, 0x64, 0x69,
+	0x73, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x46, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x62, 0x61, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x49, 0x66, 0x4d,
+	0x61, 0x74, 0x63, 0x68, 0x1a, 0x92, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x48, 0x6f, 0x73, 0x74, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x70,
+	0x70, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x12, 0x34, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01,
+	0x28, 0x0e, 0x32, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x64, 0x6e,
+	0x73, 0x2e, 0x44, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x74, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67,
+	0x54, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x52, 0x04, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x16, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x64, 0x6f,
+	0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x06, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61,
+	0x69, 0x6e, 0x12, 0x0e, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x02,
+	0x69, 0x70, 0x12, 0x25, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x69, 0x65, 0x64, 0x5f, 0x64, 0x6f,
+	0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78,
+	0x69, 0x65, 0x64, 0x44, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4a, 0x04, 0x08, 0x07, 0x10, 0x08, 0x2a,
+	0x45, 0x0a, 0x12, 0x44, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x74, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6e,
+	0x67, 0x54, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x46, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x10, 0x00, 0x12,
+	0x0d, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x53, 0x75, 0x62, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x0b,
+	0x0a, 0x07, 0x4b, 0x65, 0x79, 0x77, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x64, 0x10, 0x02, 0x12, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x52,
+	0x65, 0x67, 0x65, 0x78, 0x10, 0x03, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x0d, 0x51, 0x75, 0x65, 0x72, 0x79, 0x53,
+	0x74, 0x72, 0x61, 0x74, 0x65, 0x67, 0x79, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x55, 0x53, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x49,
+	0x50, 0x10, 0x00, 0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x55, 0x53, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x49, 0x50, 0x34, 0x10, 0x01,
+	0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x55, 0x53, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x49, 0x50, 0x36, 0x10, 0x02, 0x42, 0x46, 0x0a,
+	0x10, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x64, 0x6e,
+	0x73, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x21, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f,
+	0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61,
+	0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x64, 0x6e, 0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70,
+	0x70, 0x2e, 0x44, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -764,20 +621,19 @@ var file_app_dns_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
 var file_app_dns_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	7,  // 0: xray.app.dns.NameServer.address:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
 	4,  // 1: xray.app.dns.NameServer.prioritized_domain:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain
-	8,  // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer.expected_geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	8,  // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer.geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
 	5,  // 3: xray.app.dns.NameServer.original_rules:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer.OriginalRule
 	1,  // 4: xray.app.dns.NameServer.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
-	8,  // 5: xray.app.dns.NameServer.unexpected_geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
-	2,  // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.name_server:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer
-	6,  // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.static_hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
-	1,  // 8: xray.app.dns.Config.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
-	0,  // 9: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
-	0,  // 10: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:11] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	2,  // 5: xray.app.dns.Config.name_server:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer
+	6,  // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.static_hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
+	1,  // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
+	0,  // 8: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
+	0,  // 9: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
+	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:10] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_dns_config_proto_init() }
@@ -785,7 +641,6 @@ func file_app_dns_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dns_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
-	file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0].OneofWrappers = []any{}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/dns/config.proto
+++ b/app/dns/config.proto
@@ -25,19 +25,9 @@ message NameServer {
  }

  repeated PriorityDomain prioritized_domain = 2;
-  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP expected_geoip = 3;
+  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP geoip = 3;
  repeated OriginalRule original_rules = 4;
  QueryStrategy query_strategy = 7;
-  bool actPrior = 8;
-  string tag = 9;
-  uint64 timeoutMs = 10;
-  optional bool disableCache = 11;
-  optional bool serveStale = 15;
-  optional uint32 serveExpiredTTL = 16;
-  bool finalQuery = 12;
-  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP unexpected_geoip = 13;
-  bool actUnprior = 14;
-  uint32 policyID = 17;
 }

 enum DomainMatchingType {
@@ -51,7 +41,6 @@ enum QueryStrategy {
  USE_IP = 0;
  USE_IP4 = 1;
  USE_IP6 = 2;
-  USE_SYS = 3;
 }

 message Config {
@@ -83,13 +72,9 @@ message Config {

  // DisableCache disables DNS cache
  bool disableCache = 8;
-  bool serveStale = 12;
-  uint32 serveExpiredTTL = 13;

  QueryStrategy query_strategy = 9;

  bool disableFallback = 10;
  bool disableFallbackIfMatch = 11;
-
-  bool enableParallelQuery = 14;
 }
--- a/app/dns/dns.go
+++ b/app/dns/dns.go
@@ -3,15 +3,11 @@ package dns

 import (
 	"context"
-	go_errors "errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"runtime"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"time"

+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/router"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
@@ -23,16 +19,16 @@ import (
 // DNS is a DNS rely server.
 type DNS struct {
 	sync.Mutex
+	tag                    string
+	disableCache           bool
 	disableFallback        bool
 	disableFallbackIfMatch bool
-	enableParallelQuery    bool
 	ipOption               *dns.IPOption
 	hosts                  *StaticHosts
 	clients                []*Client
 	ctx                    context.Context
 	domainMatcher          strmatcher.IndexMatcher
 	matcherInfos           []*DomainMatcherInfo
-	checkSystem            bool
 }

 // DomainMatcherInfo contains information attached to index returned by Server.domainMatcher
@@ -43,6 +39,13 @@ type DomainMatcherInfo struct {

 // New creates a new DNS server with given configuration.
 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
+	var tag string
+	if len(config.Tag) > 0 {
+		tag = config.Tag
+	} else {
+		tag = generateRandomTag()
+	}
+
 	var clientIP net.IP
 	switch len(config.ClientIp) {
 	case 0, net.IPv4len, net.IPv6len:
@@ -51,36 +54,26 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		return nil, errors.New("unexpected client IP length ", len(config.ClientIp))
 	}

-	var ipOption dns.IPOption
-	checkSystem := false
+	var ipOption *dns.IPOption
 	switch config.QueryStrategy {
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
+		ipOption = &dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		}
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_SYS:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
-			IPv4Enable: true,
-			IPv6Enable: true,
-			FakeEnable: false,
-		}
-		checkSystem = true
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP4:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
+		ipOption = &dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		}
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP6:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
+		ipOption = &dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		}
-	default:
-		return nil, errors.New("unexpected query strategy ", config.QueryStrategy)
 	}

 	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(config.StaticHosts)
@@ -88,14 +81,8 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		return nil, errors.New("failed to create hosts").Base(err)
 	}

-	var clients []*Client
+	clients := []*Client{}
 	domainRuleCount := 0
-
-	var defaultTag = config.Tag
-	if len(config.Tag) == 0 {
-		defaultTag = generateRandomTag()
-	}
-
 	for _, ns := range config.NameServer {
 		domainRuleCount += len(ns.PrioritizedDomain)
 	}
@@ -103,6 +90,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 	// MatcherInfos is ensured to cover the maximum index domainMatcher could return, where matcher's index starts from 1
 	matcherInfos := make([]*DomainMatcherInfo, domainRuleCount+1)
 	domainMatcher := &strmatcher.MatcherGroup{}
+	geoipContainer := router.GeoIPMatcherContainer{}

 	for _, ns := range config.NameServer {
 		clientIdx := len(clients)
@@ -120,32 +108,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		case net.IPv4len, net.IPv6len:
 			myClientIP = net.IP(ns.ClientIp)
 		}
-
-		disableCache := config.DisableCache
-		if ns.DisableCache != nil {
-			disableCache = *ns.DisableCache
-		}
-
-		serveStale := config.ServeStale
-		if ns.ServeStale != nil {
-			serveStale = *ns.ServeStale
-		}
-
-		serveExpiredTTL := config.ServeExpiredTTL
-		if ns.ServeExpiredTTL != nil {
-			serveExpiredTTL = *ns.ServeExpiredTTL
-		}
-
-		var tag = defaultTag
-		if len(ns.Tag) > 0 {
-			tag = ns.Tag
-		}
-		clientIPOption := ResolveIpOptionOverride(ns.QueryStrategy, ipOption)
-		if !clientIPOption.IPv4Enable && !clientIPOption.IPv6Enable {
-			return nil, errors.New("no QueryStrategy available for ", ns.Address)
-		}
-
-		client, err := NewClient(ctx, ns, myClientIP, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, tag, clientIPOption, &matcherInfos, updateDomain)
+		client, err := NewClient(ctx, ns, myClientIP, geoipContainer, &matcherInfos, updateDomain)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, errors.New("failed to create client").Base(err)
 		}
@@ -154,20 +117,20 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {

 	// If there is no DNS client in config, add a `localhost` DNS client
 	if len(clients) == 0 {
-		clients = append(clients, NewLocalDNSClient(ipOption))
+		clients = append(clients, NewLocalDNSClient())
 	}

 	return &DNS{
+		tag:                    tag,
 		hosts:                  hosts,
-		ipOption:               &ipOption,
+		ipOption:               ipOption,
 		clients:                clients,
 		ctx:                    ctx,
 		domainMatcher:          domainMatcher,
 		matcherInfos:           matcherInfos,
+		disableCache:           config.DisableCache,
 		disableFallback:        config.DisableFallback,
 		disableFallbackIfMatch: config.DisableFallbackIfMatch,
-		enableParallelQuery:    config.EnableParallelQuery,
-		checkSystem:            checkSystem,
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -189,67 +152,94 @@ func (s *DNS) Close() error {
 // IsOwnLink implements proxy.dns.ownLinkVerifier
 func (s *DNS) IsOwnLink(ctx context.Context) bool {
 	inbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-	if inbound == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, client := range s.clients {
-		if client.tag == inbound.Tag {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	return inbound != nil && inbound.Tag == s.tag
 }

 // LookupIP implements dns.Client.
-func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	// Normalize the FQDN form query
-	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	if domain == "" {
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("empty domain name")
+		return nil, errors.New("empty domain name")
 	}

-	if s.checkSystem {
-		supportIPv4, supportIPv6 := checkRoutes()
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && supportIPv4
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && supportIPv6
-	} else {
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && s.ipOption.IPv4Enable
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && s.ipOption.IPv6Enable
-	}
+	option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && s.ipOption.IPv4Enable
+	option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && s.ipOption.IPv6Enable

 	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+		return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 	}

+	// Normalize the FQDN form query
+	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+
 	// Static host lookup
-	switch addrs, err := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, option); {
-	case err != nil:
-		if go_errors.Is(err, dns.ErrEmptyResponse) {
-			return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-		}
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(err)
+	switch addrs := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, option); {
 	case addrs == nil: // Domain not recorded in static host
 		break
 	case len(addrs) == 0: // Domain recorded, but no valid IP returned (e.g. IPv4 address with only IPv6 enabled)
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+		return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 	case len(addrs) == 1 && addrs[0].Family().IsDomain(): // Domain replacement
 		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain())
 		domain = addrs[0].Domain()
 	default: // Successfully found ip records in static host
 		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "returning ", len(addrs), " IP(s) for domain ", domain, " -> ", addrs)
-		ips, err := toNetIP(addrs)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, 0, err
-		}
-		return ips, 10, nil // Hosts ttl is 10
+		return toNetIP(addrs)
 	}

 	// Name servers lookup
-	if s.enableParallelQuery {
-		return s.parallelQuery(domain, option)
-	} else {
-		return s.serialQuery(domain, option)
+	errs := []error{}
+	ctx := session.ContextWithInbound(s.ctx, &session.Inbound{Tag: s.tag})
+	for _, client := range s.sortClients(domain) {
+		if !option.FakeEnable && strings.EqualFold(client.Name(), "FakeDNS") {
+			errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "skip DNS resolution for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
+			continue
+		}
+		ips, err := client.QueryIP(ctx, domain, option, s.disableCache)
+		if len(ips) > 0 {
+			return ips, nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			errors.LogInfoInner(s.ctx, err, "failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
+			errs = append(errs, err)
+		}
+		// 5 for RcodeRefused in miekg/dns, hardcode to reduce binary size
+		if err != context.Canceled && err != context.DeadlineExceeded && err != errExpectedIPNonMatch && err != dns.ErrEmptyResponse && dns.RCodeFromError(err) != 5 {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}
+
+	return nil, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(errors.Combine(errs...))
+}
+
+// LookupHosts implements dns.HostsLookup.
+func (s *DNS) LookupHosts(domain string) *net.Address {
+	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+	if domain == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Normalize the FQDN form query
+	addrs := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, *s.ipOption)
+	if len(addrs) > 0 {
+		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].String())
+		return &addrs[0]
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetIPOption implements ClientWithIPOption.
+func (s *DNS) GetIPOption() *dns.IPOption {
+	return s.ipOption
+}
+
+// SetQueryOption implements ClientWithIPOption.
+func (s *DNS) SetQueryOption(isIPv4Enable, isIPv6Enable bool) {
+	s.ipOption.IPv4Enable = isIPv4Enable
+	s.ipOption.IPv6Enable = isIPv6Enable
+}
+
+// SetFakeDNSOption implements ClientWithIPOption.
+func (s *DNS) SetFakeDNSOption(isFakeEnable bool) {
+	s.ipOption.FakeEnable = isFakeEnable
 }

 func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {
@@ -260,11 +250,7 @@ func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {

 	// Priority domain matching
 	hasMatch := false
-	MatchSlice := s.domainMatcher.Match(domain)
-	sort.Slice(MatchSlice, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return MatchSlice[i] < MatchSlice[j]
-	})
-	for _, match := range MatchSlice {
+	for _, match := range s.domainMatcher.Match(domain) {
 		info := s.matcherInfos[match]
 		client := s.clients[info.clientIdx]
 		domainRule := client.domains[info.domainRuleIdx]
@@ -276,9 +262,6 @@ func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {
 		clients = append(clients, client)
 		clientNames = append(clientNames, client.Name())
 		hasMatch = true
-		if client.finalQuery {
-			return clients
-		}
 	}

 	if !(s.disableFallback || s.disableFallbackIfMatch && hasMatch) {
@@ -290,9 +273,6 @@ func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {
 			clientUsed[idx] = true
 			clients = append(clients, client)
 			clientNames = append(clientNames, client.Name())
-			if client.finalQuery {
-				return clients
-			}
 		}
 	}

@@ -304,280 +284,16 @@ func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {
 	}

 	if len(clients) == 0 {
-		if len(s.clients) > 0 {
-			clients = append(clients, s.clients[0])
-			clientNames = append(clientNames, s.clients[0].Name())
-			errors.LogWarning(s.ctx, "domain ", domain, " will use the first DNS: ", clientNames)
-		} else {
-			errors.LogError(s.ctx, "no DNS clients available for domain ", domain, " and no default clients configured")
-		}
+		clients = append(clients, s.clients[0])
+		clientNames = append(clientNames, s.clients[0].Name())
+		errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "domain ", domain, " will use the first DNS: ", clientNames)
 	}

 	return clients
 }

-func mergeQueryErrors(domain string, errs []error) error {
-	if len(errs) == 0 {
-		return dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}
-
-	var noRNF error
-	for _, err := range errs {
-		if go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			continue // server no response, ignore
-		} else if noRNF == nil {
-			noRNF = err
-		} else if !go_errors.Is(err, noRNF) {
-			return errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(errors.Combine(errs...))
-		}
-	}
-	if go_errors.Is(noRNF, dns.ErrEmptyResponse) {
-		return dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}
-	if noRNF == nil {
-		noRNF = errRecordNotFound
-	}
-	return errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(noRNF)
-}
-
-func (s *DNS) serialQuery(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	var errs []error
-	for _, client := range s.sortClients(domain) {
-		if !option.FakeEnable && strings.EqualFold(client.Name(), "FakeDNS") {
-			errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "skip DNS resolution for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
-			continue
-		}
-
-		ips, ttl, err := client.QueryIP(s.ctx, domain, option)
-
-		if len(ips) > 0 {
-			return ips, ttl, nil
-		}
-
-		errors.LogInfoInner(s.ctx, err, "failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name(), " in serial query mode")
-		if err == nil {
-			err = dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-		}
-		errs = append(errs, err)
-	}
-	return nil, 0, mergeQueryErrors(domain, errs)
-}
-
-func (s *DNS) parallelQuery(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	var errs []error
-	clients := s.sortClients(domain)
-
-	resultsChan := asyncQueryAll(domain, option, clients, s.ctx)
-
-	groups, groupOf := makeGroups( /*s.ctx,*/ clients)
-	results := make([]*queryResult, len(clients))
-	pending := make([]int, len(groups))
-	for gi, g := range groups {
-		pending[gi] = g.end - g.start + 1
-	}
-
-	nextGroup := 0
-	for range clients {
-		result := <-resultsChan
-		results[result.index] = &result
-
-		gi := groupOf[result.index]
-		pending[gi]--
-
-		for nextGroup < len(groups) {
-			g := groups[nextGroup]
-
-			// group race, minimum rtt -> return
-			for j := g.start; j <= g.end; j++ {
-				r := results[j]
-				if r != nil && r.err == nil && len(r.ips) > 0 {
-					return r.ips, r.ttl, nil
-				}
-			}
-
-			// current group is incomplete and no one success -> continue pending
-			if pending[nextGroup] > 0 {
-				break
-			}
-
-			// all failed -> log and continue next group
-			for j := g.start; j <= g.end; j++ {
-				r := results[j]
-				e := r.err
-				if e == nil {
-					e = dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-				}
-				errors.LogInfoInner(s.ctx, e, "failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", clients[j].Name(), " in parallel query mode")
-				errs = append(errs, e)
-			}
-			nextGroup++
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil, 0, mergeQueryErrors(domain, errs)
-}
-
-type queryResult struct {
-	ips   []net.IP
-	ttl   uint32
-	err   error
-	index int
-}
-
-func asyncQueryAll(domain string, option dns.IPOption, clients []*Client, ctx context.Context) chan queryResult {
-	if len(clients) == 0 {
-		ch := make(chan queryResult)
-		close(ch)
-		return ch
-	}
-
-	ch := make(chan queryResult, len(clients))
-	for i, client := range clients {
-		if !option.FakeEnable && strings.EqualFold(client.Name(), "FakeDNS") {
-			errors.LogDebug(ctx, "skip DNS resolution for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
-			ch <- queryResult{err: dns.ErrEmptyResponse, index: i}
-			continue
-		}
-
-		go func(i int, c *Client) {
-			qctx := ctx
-			if !c.server.IsDisableCache() {
-				nctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.WithoutCancel(ctx), c.timeoutMs*2)
-				qctx = nctx
-				defer cancel()
-			}
-			ips, ttl, err := c.QueryIP(qctx, domain, option)
-			ch <- queryResult{ips: ips, ttl: ttl, err: err, index: i}
-		}(i, client)
-	}
-	return ch
-}
-
-type group struct{ start, end int }
-
-// merge only adjacent and rule-equivalent Client into a single group
-func makeGroups( /*ctx context.Context,*/ clients []*Client) ([]group, []int) {
-	n := len(clients)
-	if n == 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	groups := make([]group, 0, n)
-	groupOf := make([]int, n)
-
-	s, e := 0, 0
-	for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
-		if clients[i-1].policyID == clients[i].policyID {
-			e = i
-		} else {
-			for k := s; k <= e; k++ {
-				groupOf[k] = len(groups)
-			}
-			groups = append(groups, group{start: s, end: e})
-			s, e = i, i
-		}
-	}
-	for k := s; k <= e; k++ {
-		groupOf[k] = len(groups)
-	}
-	groups = append(groups, group{start: s, end: e})
-
-	// var b strings.Builder
-	// b.WriteString("dns grouping: total clients=")
-	// b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(n))
-	// b.WriteString(", groups=")
-	// b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(len(groups)))
-
-	// for gi, g := range groups {
-	// 	b.WriteString("\n  [")
-	// 	b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(g.start))
-	// 	b.WriteString("..")
-	// 	b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(g.end))
-	// 	b.WriteString("] gid=")
-	// 	b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(gi))
-	// 	b.WriteString(" pid=")
-	// 	b.WriteString(strconv.FormatUint(uint64(clients[g.start].policyID), 10))
-	// 	b.WriteString(" members: ")
-
-	// 	for i := g.start; i <= g.end; i++ {
-	// 		if i > g.start {
-	// 			b.WriteString(", ")
-	// 		}
-	// 		b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(i))
-	// 		b.WriteByte(':')
-	// 		b.WriteString(clients[i].Name())
-	// 	}
-	// }
-	// errors.LogDebug(ctx, b.String())
-
-	return groups, groupOf
-}
-
 func init() {
 	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return New(ctx, config.(*Config))
 	}))
 }
-
-func probeRoutes() (ipv4 bool, ipv6 bool) {
-	if conn, err := net.Dial("udp4", "192.33.4.12:53"); err == nil {
-		ipv4 = true
-		conn.Close()
-	}
-	if conn, err := net.Dial("udp6", "[2001:500:2::c]:53"); err == nil {
-		ipv6 = true
-		conn.Close()
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-var routeCache struct {
-	sync.Once
-	sync.RWMutex
-	expire     time.Time
-	ipv4, ipv6 bool
-}
-
-func checkRoutes() (bool, bool) {
-	if !isGUIPlatform {
-		routeCache.Once.Do(func() {
-			routeCache.ipv4, routeCache.ipv6 = probeRoutes()
-		})
-		return routeCache.ipv4, routeCache.ipv6
-	}
-
-	routeCache.RWMutex.RLock()
-	now := time.Now()
-	if routeCache.expire.After(now) {
-		routeCache.RWMutex.RUnlock()
-		return routeCache.ipv4, routeCache.ipv6
-	}
-	routeCache.RWMutex.RUnlock()
-
-	routeCache.RWMutex.Lock()
-	defer routeCache.RWMutex.Unlock()
-
-	now = time.Now()
-	if routeCache.expire.After(now) { // double-check
-		return routeCache.ipv4, routeCache.ipv6
-	}
-	routeCache.ipv4, routeCache.ipv6 = probeRoutes()    // ~2ms
-	routeCache.expire = now.Add(100 * time.Millisecond) // ttl
-	return routeCache.ipv4, routeCache.ipv6
-}
-
-var isGUIPlatform = detectGUIPlatform()
-
-func detectGUIPlatform() bool {
-	switch runtime.GOOS {
-	case "android", "ios", "windows", "darwin":
-		return true
-	case "linux", "freebsd", "openbsd":
-		if t := os.Getenv("XDG_SESSION_TYPE"); t == "wayland" || t == "x11" {
-			return true
-		}
-		if os.Getenv("DISPLAY") != "" || os.Getenv("WAYLAND_DISPLAY") != "" {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
--- a/app/dns/dns_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/dns_test.go
@@ -76,9 +76,6 @@ func (*staticHandler) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 		case q.Name == "notexist.google.com." && q.Qtype == dns.TypeAAAA:
 			ans.MsgHdr.Rcode = dns.RcodeNameError

-		case q.Name == "notexist.google.com." && q.Qtype == dns.TypeA:
-			ans.MsgHdr.Rcode = dns.RcodeNameError
-
 		case q.Name == "hostname." && q.Qtype == dns.TypeA:
 			rr, _ := dns.NewRR("hostname. IN A 127.0.0.1")
 			ans.Answer = append(ans.Answer, rr)
@@ -120,6 +117,7 @@ func TestUDPServerSubnet(t *testing.T) {
 		Handler: &staticHandler{},
 		UDPSize: 1200,
 	}
+
 	go dnsServer.ListenAndServe()
 	time.Sleep(time.Second)

@@ -157,7 +155,7 @@ func TestUDPServerSubnet(t *testing.T) {

 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)

-	ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
 		FakeEnable: false,
@@ -218,7 +216,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -233,7 +231,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("facebook.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("facebook.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -248,7 +246,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		_, _, err := client.LookupIP("notexist.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		_, err := client.LookupIP("notexist.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -262,7 +260,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("ipv4only.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("ipv4only.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -278,7 +276,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	dnsServer.Shutdown()

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -359,7 +357,7 @@ func TestPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -425,7 +423,7 @@ func TestUDPServerIPv6(t *testing.T) {

 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)
 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -494,7 +492,7 @@ func TestStaticHostDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("example.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("example.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -539,7 +537,7 @@ func TestIPMatch(t *testing.T) {
 							},
 							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{
 								CountryCode: "local",
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
@@ -563,7 +561,7 @@ func TestIPMatch(t *testing.T) {
 							},
 							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{
 								CountryCode: "test",
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
@@ -605,7 +603,7 @@ func TestIPMatch(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -667,7 +665,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 							// Equivalent of dotless:localhost
 							{Type: DomainMatchingType_Regex, Domain: "^[^.]*localhost[^.]*$"},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will match localhost, localhost-a and localhost-b,
 								CountryCode: "local",
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
@@ -728,7 +726,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{ // Will match dotless:
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostname", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostname", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -743,7 +741,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match domain:local
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostname.local", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostname.local", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -758,7 +756,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match static ip
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamestatic", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamestatic", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -773,7 +771,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match domain replacing
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamealias", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamealias", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -787,8 +785,8 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}

-	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, but not expectedIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3, then matches at dotless:
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("localhost", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, but not expectIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3, then matches at dotless:
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("localhost", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -802,8 +800,8 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}

-	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectedIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-a", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-a", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -817,8 +815,8 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}

-	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectedIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-b", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-b", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -833,7 +831,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match dotless:
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("Mijia Cloud", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("Mijia Cloud", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -897,7 +895,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will only match 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 8, 8}, Prefix: 32},
@@ -922,7 +920,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will match 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.8.7, etc
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 8, 7}, Prefix: 24},
@@ -946,7 +944,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "api.google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will only match 8.8.7.7 (api.google.com)
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 7, 7}, Prefix: 32},
@@ -970,7 +968,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "v2.api.google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will only match 8.8.7.8 (v2.api.google.com)
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 7, 8}, Prefix: 32},
@@ -999,7 +997,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{ // Will match server 1,2 and server 1 returns expected ip
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -1014,7 +1012,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match server 1,2 and server 1 returns unexpected ip, then server 2 returns expected one
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -1029,7 +1027,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match server 3,1,2 and server 3 returns expected one
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -1044,7 +1042,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match server 4,3,1,2 and server 4 returns expected one
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("v2.api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("v2.api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
--- a/app/dns/dnscommon.go
+++ b/app/dns/dnscommon.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	"math"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

@@ -14,12 +13,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
-
 	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 )

 // Fqdn normalizes domain make sure it ends with '.'
-// case-sensitive
 func Fqdn(domain string) string {
 	if len(domain) > 0 && strings.HasSuffix(domain, ".") {
 		return domain
@@ -34,29 +31,30 @@ type record struct {

 // IPRecord is a cacheable item for a resolved domain
 type IPRecord struct {
-	ReqID     uint16
-	IP        []net.IP
-	Expire    time.Time
-	RCode     dnsmessage.RCode
-	RawHeader *dnsmessage.Header
+	ReqID  uint16
+	IP     []net.Address
+	Expire time.Time
+	RCode  dnsmessage.RCode
 }

-func (r *IPRecord) getIPs() ([]net.IP, int32, error) {
-	if r == nil {
-		return nil, 0, errRecordNotFound
+func (r *IPRecord) getIPs() ([]net.Address, error) {
+	if r == nil || r.Expire.Before(time.Now()) {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
 	}
-
-	untilExpire := time.Until(r.Expire).Seconds()
-	ttl := int32(math.Ceil(untilExpire))
-
 	if r.RCode != dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess {
-		return nil, ttl, dns_feature.RCodeError(r.RCode)
-	}
-	if len(r.IP) == 0 {
-		return nil, ttl, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+		return nil, dns_feature.RCodeError(r.RCode)
 	}
+	return r.IP, nil
+}

-	return r.IP, ttl, nil
+func isNewer(baseRec *IPRecord, newRec *IPRecord) bool {
+	if newRec == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if baseRec == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	return baseRec.Expire.Before(newRec.Expire)
 }

 var errRecordNotFound = errors.New("record not found")
@@ -69,59 +67,49 @@ type dnsRequest struct {
 	msg     *dnsmessage.Message
 }

-func genEDNS0Options(clientIP net.IP, padding int) *dnsmessage.Resource {
-	if len(clientIP) == 0 && padding == 0 {
+func genEDNS0Options(clientIP net.IP) *dnsmessage.Resource {
+	if len(clientIP) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}

-	const EDNS0SUBNET = 0x8
-	const EDNS0PADDING = 0xc
+	var netmask int
+	var family uint16
+
+	if len(clientIP) == 4 {
+		family = 1
+		netmask = 24 // 24 for IPV4, 96 for IPv6
+	} else {
+		family = 2
+		netmask = 96
+	}
+
+	b := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], family)
+	b[2] = byte(netmask)
+	b[3] = 0
+	switch family {
+	case 1:
+		ip := clientIP.To4().Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv4len*8))
+		needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
+		b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
+	case 2:
+		ip := clientIP.Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv6len*8))
+		needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
+		b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
+	}
+
+	const EDNS0SUBNET = 0x08

 	opt := new(dnsmessage.Resource)
 	common.Must(opt.Header.SetEDNS0(1350, 0xfe00, true))
-	body := dnsmessage.OPTResource{}
-	opt.Body = &body

-	if len(clientIP) != 0 {
-		var netmask int
-		var family uint16
-
-		if len(clientIP) == 4 {
-			family = 1
-			netmask = 24 // 24 for IPV4, 96 for IPv6
-		} else {
-			family = 2
-			netmask = 96
-		}
-
-		b := make([]byte, 4)
-		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], family)
-		b[2] = byte(netmask)
-		b[3] = 0
-		switch family {
-		case 1:
-			ip := clientIP.To4().Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv4len*8))
-			needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
-			b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
-		case 2:
-			ip := clientIP.Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv6len*8))
-			needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
-			b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
-		}
-
-		body.Options = append(body.Options,
-			dnsmessage.Option{
+	opt.Body = &dnsmessage.OPTResource{
+		Options: []dnsmessage.Option{
+			{
 				Code: EDNS0SUBNET,
 				Data: b,
-			})
-	}
-
-	if padding != 0 {
-		body.Options = append(body.Options,
-			dnsmessage.Option{
-				Code: EDNS0PADDING,
-				Data: make([]byte, padding),
-			})
+			},
+		},
 	}

 	return opt
@@ -191,10 +179,9 @@ func parseResponse(payload []byte) (*IPRecord, error) {

 	now := time.Now()
 	ipRecord := &IPRecord{
-		ReqID:     h.ID,
-		RCode:     h.RCode,
-		Expire:    now.Add(time.Second * dns_feature.DefaultTTL),
-		RawHeader: &h,
+		ReqID:  h.ID,
+		RCode:  h.RCode,
+		Expire: now.Add(time.Second * 600),
 	}

 L:
@@ -209,7 +196,7 @@ L:

 		ttl := ah.TTL
 		if ttl == 0 {
-			ttl = 1
+			ttl = 600
 		}
 		expire := now.Add(time.Duration(ttl) * time.Second)
 		if ipRecord.Expire.After(expire) {
@@ -223,17 +210,14 @@ L:
 				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse A record for domain: ", ah.Name)
 				break L
 			}
-			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.A[:]).IP())
+			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.A[:]))
 		case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
 			ans, err := parser.AAAAResource()
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse AAAA record for domain: ", ah.Name)
 				break L
 			}
-			newIP := net.IPAddress(ans.AAAA[:]).IP()
-			if len(newIP) == net.IPv6len {
-				ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, newIP)
-			}
+			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.AAAA[:]))
 		default:
 			if err := parser.SkipAnswer(); err != nil {
 				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to skip answer")
--- a/app/dns/dnscommon_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/dnscommon_test.go
@@ -18,31 +18,31 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {

 	ans := new(dns.Msg)
 	ans.Id = 0
-	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()))
+	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()).([]byte))

 	p = append(p, []byte{})

 	ans = new(dns.Msg)
 	ans.Id = 1
 	ans.Answer = append(ans.Answer,
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.8.8")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.4.4")),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.8.8")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.4.4")).(dns.RR),
 	)
-	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()))
+	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()).([]byte))

 	ans = new(dns.Msg)
 	ans.Id = 2
 	ans.Answer = append(ans.Answer,
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001:4860:4860::8888")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001:4860:4860::8844")),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001::123:8888")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001::123:8844")).(dns.RR),
 	)
-	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()))
+	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()).([]byte))

 	tests := []struct {
 		name    string
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			"empty",
-			&IPRecord{0, []net.IP(nil), time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess, nil},
+			&IPRecord{0, []net.Address(nil), time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess},
 			false,
 		},
 		{
@@ -63,16 +63,15 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 			"a record",
 			&IPRecord{
 				1,
-				[]net.IP{net.ParseIP("8.8.8.8"), net.ParseIP("8.8.4.4")},
+				[]net.Address{net.ParseAddress("8.8.8.8"), net.ParseAddress("8.8.4.4")},
 				time.Time{},
 				dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess,
-				nil,
 			},
 			false,
 		},
 		{
 			"aaaa record",
-			&IPRecord{2, []net.IP{net.ParseIP("2001:4860:4860::8888"), net.ParseIP("2001:4860:4860::8844")}, time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess, nil},
+			&IPRecord{2, []net.Address{net.ParseAddress("2001::123:8888"), net.ParseAddress("2001::123:8844")}, time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess},
 			false,
 		},
 	}
@@ -85,9 +84,8 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 			}

 			if got != nil {
-				// reset the time and RawHeader
+				// reset the time
 				got.Expire = time.Time{}
-				got.RawHeader = nil
 			}
 			if cmp.Diff(got, tt.want) != "" {
 				t.Error(cmp.Diff(got, tt.want))
@@ -156,7 +154,7 @@ func Test_genEDNS0Options(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := genEDNS0Options(tt.args.clientIP, 0); got == nil {
+			if got := genEDNS0Options(tt.args.clientIP); got == nil {
 				t.Errorf("genEDNS0Options() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fake.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fake.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"math"
 	"math/big"
+	gonet "net"
 	"sync"
 	"time"

@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ import (

 type Holder struct {
 	domainToIP cache.Lru
-	ipRange    *net.IPNet
+	ipRange    *gonet.IPNet
 	mu         *sync.Mutex

 	config *FakeDnsPool
@@ -78,10 +79,10 @@ func (fkdns *Holder) initializeFromConfig() error {
 }

 func (fkdns *Holder) initialize(ipPoolCidr string, lruSize int) error {
-	var ipRange *net.IPNet
+	var ipRange *gonet.IPNet
 	var err error

-	if _, ipRange, err = net.ParseCIDR(ipPoolCidr); err != nil {
+	if _, ipRange, err = gonet.ParseCIDR(ipPoolCidr); err != nil {
 		return errors.New("Unable to parse CIDR for Fake DNS IP assignment").Base(err).AtError()
 	}

--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package fakedns

 import (
+	gonet "net"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"

@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ func TestFakeDNSMulti(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.True(t, inPool)
 		})
 		t.Run("ipv6", func(t *testing.T) {
-			ip, err := net.ResolveIPAddr("ip", "fddd:c5b4:ff5f:f4f0::5")
+			ip, err := gonet.ResolveIPAddr("ip", "fddd:c5b4:ff5f:f4f0::5")
 			assert.Nil(t, err)
 			inPool := fakeMulti.IsIPInIPPool(net.IPAddress(ip.IP))
 			assert.True(t, inPool)
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ func TestFakeDNSMulti(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.False(t, inPool)
 		})
 		t.Run("ipv6_inverse", func(t *testing.T) {
-			ip, err := net.ResolveIPAddr("ip", "fcdd:c5b4:ff5f:f4f0::5")
+			ip, err := gonet.ResolveIPAddr("ip", "fcdd:c5b4:ff5f:f4f0::5")
 			assert.Nil(t, err)
 			inPool := fakeMulti.IsIPInIPPool(net.IPAddress(ip.IP))
 			assert.False(t, inPool)
--- a/app/dns/hosts.go
+++ b/app/dns/hosts.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package dns

 import (
 	"context"
-	"strconv"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
@@ -33,15 +32,7 @@ func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 		ips := make([]net.Address, 0, len(mapping.Ip)+1)
 		switch {
 		case len(mapping.ProxiedDomain) > 0:
-			if mapping.ProxiedDomain[0] == '#' {
-				rcode, err := strconv.Atoi(mapping.ProxiedDomain[1:])
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				ips = append(ips, dns.RCodeError(rcode))
-			} else {
-				ips = append(ips, net.DomainAddress(mapping.ProxiedDomain))
-			}
+			ips = append(ips, net.DomainAddress(mapping.ProxiedDomain))
 		case len(mapping.Ip) > 0:
 			for _, ip := range mapping.Ip {
 				addr := net.IPAddress(ip)
@@ -50,6 +41,8 @@ func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 				}
 				ips = append(ips, addr)
 			}
+		default:
+			return nil, errors.New("neither IP address nor proxied domain specified for domain: ", mapping.Domain).AtWarning()
 		}

 		sh.ips[id] = ips
@@ -68,51 +61,33 @@ func filterIP(ips []net.Address, option dns.IPOption) []net.Address {
 	return filtered
 }

-func (h *StaticHosts) lookupInternal(domain string) ([]net.Address, error) {
-	ips := make([]net.Address, 0)
-	found := false
+func (h *StaticHosts) lookupInternal(domain string) []net.Address {
+	var ips []net.Address
 	for _, id := range h.matchers.Match(domain) {
-		for _, v := range h.ips[id] {
-			if err, ok := v.(dns.RCodeError); ok {
-				if uint16(err) == 0 {
-					return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-				}
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
 		ips = append(ips, h.ips[id]...)
-		found = true
 	}
-	if !found {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	return ips, nil
+	return ips
 }

-func (h *StaticHosts) lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption, maxDepth int) ([]net.Address, error) {
-	switch addrs, err := h.lookupInternal(domain); {
-	case err != nil:
-		return nil, err
+func (h *StaticHosts) lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption, maxDepth int) []net.Address {
+	switch addrs := h.lookupInternal(domain); {
 	case len(addrs) == 0: // Not recorded in static hosts, return nil
-		return addrs, nil
+		return nil
 	case len(addrs) == 1 && addrs[0].Family().IsDomain(): // Try to unwrap domain
 		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "found replaced domain: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain(), ". Try to unwrap it")
 		if maxDepth > 0 {
-			unwrapped, err := h.lookup(addrs[0].Domain(), option, maxDepth-1)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
+			unwrapped := h.lookup(addrs[0].Domain(), option, maxDepth-1)
 			if unwrapped != nil {
-				return unwrapped, nil
+				return unwrapped
 			}
 		}
-		return addrs, nil
+		return addrs
 	default: // IP record found, return a non-nil IP array
-		return filterIP(addrs, option), nil
+		return filterIP(addrs, option)
 	}
 }

 // Lookup returns IP addresses or proxied domain for the given domain, if exists in this StaticHosts.
-func (h *StaticHosts) Lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.Address, error) {
+func (h *StaticHosts) Lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption) []net.Address {
 	return h.lookup(domain, option, 5)
 }
--- a/app/dns/hosts_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/hosts_test.go
@@ -12,11 +12,6 @@ import (

 func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	pb := []*Config_HostMapping{
-		{
-			Type:          DomainMatchingType_Subdomain,
-			Domain:        "lan",
-			ProxiedDomain: "#3",
-		},
 		{
 			Type:   DomainMatchingType_Full,
 			Domain: "example.com",
@@ -59,14 +54,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	common.Must(err)

 	{
-		_, err := hosts.Lookup("example.com.lan", dns.IPOption{})
-		if dns.RCodeFromError(err) != 3 {
-			t.Error(err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	{
-		ips, _ := hosts.Lookup("example.com", dns.IPOption{
+		ips := hosts.Lookup("example.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 		})
@@ -79,7 +67,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		domain, _ := hosts.Lookup("proxy.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
+		domain := hosts.Lookup("proxy.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 		})
@@ -92,7 +80,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		domain, _ := hosts.Lookup("proxy2.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
+		domain := hosts.Lookup("proxy2.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 		})
@@ -105,7 +93,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _ := hosts.Lookup("www.example.cn", dns.IPOption{
+		ips := hosts.Lookup("www.example.cn", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 		})
@@ -118,7 +106,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _ := hosts.Lookup("baidu.com", dns.IPOption{
+		ips := hosts.Lookup("baidu.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 		})
--- a/app/dns/nameserver.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/router"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
@@ -20,32 +19,23 @@ import (
 type Server interface {
 	// Name of the Client.
 	Name() string
-
-	IsDisableCache() bool
-
 	// QueryIP sends IP queries to its configured server.
-	QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error)
+	QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error)
 }

 // Client is the interface for DNS client.
 type Client struct {
-	server        Server
-	skipFallback  bool
-	domains       []string
-	expectedIPs   router.GeoIPMatcher
-	unexpectedIPs router.GeoIPMatcher
-	actPrior      bool
-	actUnprior    bool
-	tag           string
-	timeoutMs     time.Duration
-	finalQuery    bool
-	ipOption      *dns.IPOption
-	checkSystem   bool
-	policyID      uint32
+	server       Server
+	clientIP     net.IP
+	skipFallback bool
+	domains      []string
+	expectIPs    []*router.GeoIPMatcher
 }

+var errExpectedIPNonMatch = errors.New("expectIPs not match")
+
 // NewServer creates a name server object according to the network destination url.
-func NewServer(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (Server, error) {
+func NewServer(dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (Server, error) {
 	if address := dest.Address; address.Family().IsDomain() {
 		u, err := url.Parse(address.Domain())
 		if err != nil {
@@ -54,36 +44,25 @@ func NewServer(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dis
 		switch {
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.String(), "localhost"):
 			return NewLocalNameServer(), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https"): // DNS-over-HTTPS Remote mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher, false, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "h2c"): // DNS-over-HTTPS h2c Remote mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher, true, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https+local"): // DNS-over-HTTPS Local mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, nil, false, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "h2c+local"): // DNS-over-HTTPS h2c Local mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, nil, true, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
+		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https"): // DOH Remote mode
+			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher, queryStrategy)
+		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https+local"): // DOH Local mode
+			return NewDoHLocalNameServer(u, queryStrategy), nil
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "quic+local"): // DNS-over-QUIC Local mode
-			return NewQUICNameServer(u, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+			return NewQUICNameServer(u, queryStrategy)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "tcp"): // DNS-over-TCP Remote mode
-			return NewTCPNameServer(u, dispatcher, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+			return NewTCPNameServer(u, dispatcher, queryStrategy)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "tcp+local"): // DNS-over-TCP Local mode
-			return NewTCPLocalNameServer(u, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+			return NewTCPLocalNameServer(u, queryStrategy)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.String(), "fakedns"):
-			var fd dns.FakeDNSEngine
-			err = core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
-				fd = fdns
-			})
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			return NewFakeDNSServer(fd), nil
+			return NewFakeDNSServer(), nil
 		}
 	}
 	if dest.Network == net.Network_Unknown {
 		dest.Network = net.Network_UDP
 	}
 	if dest.Network == net.Network_UDP { // UDP classic DNS mode
-		return NewClassicNameServer(dest, dispatcher, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
+		return NewClassicNameServer(dest, dispatcher, queryStrategy), nil
 	}
 	return nil, errors.New("No available name server could be created from ", dest).AtWarning()
 }
@@ -93,9 +72,7 @@ func NewClient(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	ns *NameServer,
 	clientIP net.IP,
-	disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32,
-	tag string,
-	ipOption dns.IPOption,
+	container router.GeoIPMatcherContainer,
 	matcherInfos *[]*DomainMatcherInfo,
 	updateDomainRule func(strmatcher.Matcher, int, []*DomainMatcherInfo) error,
 ) (*Client, error) {
@@ -103,7 +80,7 @@ func NewClient(

 	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) error {
 		// Create a new server for each client for now
-		server, err := NewServer(ctx, ns.Address.AsDestination(), dispatcher, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+		server, err := NewServer(ns.Address.AsDestination(), dispatcher, ns.GetQueryStrategy())
 		if err != nil {
 			return errors.New("failed to create nameserver").Base(err).AtWarning()
 		}
@@ -158,21 +135,13 @@ func NewClient(
 		}

 		// Establish expected IPs
-		var expectedMatcher router.GeoIPMatcher
-		if len(ns.ExpectedGeoip) > 0 {
-			expectedMatcher, err = router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(ns.ExpectedGeoip...)
+		var matchers []*router.GeoIPMatcher
+		for _, geoip := range ns.Geoip {
+			matcher, err := container.Add(geoip)
 			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create expected ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Establish unexpected IPs
-		var unexpectedMatcher router.GeoIPMatcher
-		if len(ns.UnexpectedGeoip) > 0 {
-			unexpectedMatcher, err = router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(ns.UnexpectedGeoip...)
-			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create unexpected ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
+				return errors.New("failed to create ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
 			}
+			matchers = append(matchers, matcher)
 		}

 		if len(clientIP) > 0 {
@@ -180,30 +149,15 @@ func NewClient(
 			case *net.IPOrDomain_Domain:
 				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetDomain(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
 			case *net.IPOrDomain_Ip:
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", net.IP(ns.Address.Address.GetIp()), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
+				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetIp(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
 			}
 		}

-		var timeoutMs = 4000 * time.Millisecond
-		if ns.TimeoutMs > 0 {
-			timeoutMs = time.Duration(ns.TimeoutMs) * time.Millisecond
-		}
-
-		checkSystem := ns.QueryStrategy == QueryStrategy_USE_SYS
-
 		client.server = server
+		client.clientIP = clientIP
 		client.skipFallback = ns.SkipFallback
 		client.domains = rules
-		client.expectedIPs = expectedMatcher
-		client.unexpectedIPs = unexpectedMatcher
-		client.actPrior = ns.ActPrior
-		client.actUnprior = ns.ActUnprior
-		client.tag = tag
-		client.timeoutMs = timeoutMs
-		client.finalQuery = ns.FinalQuery
-		client.ipOption = &ipOption
-		client.checkSystem = checkSystem
-		client.policyID = ns.PolicyID
+		client.expectIPs = matchers
 		return nil
 	})
 	return client, err
@@ -215,74 +169,42 @@ func (c *Client) Name() string {
 }

 // QueryIP sends DNS query to the name server with the client's IP.
-func (c *Client) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	if c.checkSystem {
-		supportIPv4, supportIPv6 := checkRoutes()
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && supportIPv4
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && supportIPv6
-	} else {
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && c.ipOption.IPv4Enable
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && c.ipOption.IPv6Enable
-	}
-
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, c.timeoutMs)
-	ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{Tag: c.tag})
-	ips, ttl, err := c.server.QueryIP(ctx, domain, option)
+func (c *Client) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 4*time.Second)
+	ips, err := c.server.QueryIP(ctx, domain, c.clientIP, option, disableCache)
 	cancel()

 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, err
+		return ips, err
 	}
+	return c.MatchExpectedIPs(domain, ips)
+}

-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+// MatchExpectedIPs matches queried domain IPs with expected IPs and returns matched ones.
+func (c *Client) MatchExpectedIPs(domain string, ips []net.IP) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	if len(c.expectIPs) == 0 {
+		return ips, nil
 	}
-
-	if c.expectedIPs != nil && !c.actPrior {
-		ips, _ = c.expectedIPs.FilterIPs(ips)
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " expectedIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		if len(ips) == 0 {
-			return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	newIps := []net.IP{}
+	for _, ip := range ips {
+		for _, matcher := range c.expectIPs {
+			if matcher.Match(ip) {
+				newIps = append(newIps, ip)
+				break
+			}
 		}
 	}
-
-	if c.unexpectedIPs != nil && !c.actUnprior {
-		_, ips = c.unexpectedIPs.FilterIPs(ips)
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " unexpectedIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		if len(ips) == 0 {
-			return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-		}
+	if len(newIps) == 0 {
+		return nil, errExpectedIPNonMatch
 	}
-
-	if c.expectedIPs != nil && c.actPrior {
-		ipsNew, _ := c.expectedIPs.FilterIPs(ips)
-		if len(ipsNew) > 0 {
-			ips = ipsNew
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " priorIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		}
-	}
-
-	if c.unexpectedIPs != nil && c.actUnprior {
-		_, ipsNew := c.unexpectedIPs.FilterIPs(ips)
-		if len(ipsNew) > 0 {
-			ips = ipsNew
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " unpriorIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		}
-	}
-
-	return ips, ttl, nil
+	errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " expectIPs ", newIps, " matched at server ", c.Name())
+	return newIps, nil
 }

 func ResolveIpOptionOverride(queryStrategy QueryStrategy, ipOption dns.IPOption) dns.IPOption {
 	switch queryStrategy {
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP:
 		return ipOption
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_SYS:
-		return ipOption
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP4:
 		return dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: ipOption.IPv4Enable,
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_cached.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_cached.go
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-package dns
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	go_errors "errors"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
-)
-
-type CachedNameserver interface {
-	getCacheController() *CacheController
-
-	sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, fqdn string, option dns.IPOption)
-}
-
-// queryIP is called from dns.Server->queryIPTimeout
-func queryIP(ctx context.Context, s CachedNameserver, domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-
-	cache := s.getCacheController()
-	if !cache.disableCache {
-		if rec := cache.findRecords(fqdn); rec != nil {
-			ips, ttl, err := merge(option, rec.A, rec.AAAA)
-			if !go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-				if ttl > 0 {
-					errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, cache.name, " cache HIT ", fqdn, " -> ", ips)
-					log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: cache.name, Domain: fqdn, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
-					return ips, uint32(ttl), err
-				}
-				if cache.serveStale && (cache.serveExpiredTTL == 0 || cache.serveExpiredTTL < ttl) {
-					errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, cache.name, " cache OPTIMISTE ", fqdn, " -> ", ips)
-					log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: cache.name, Domain: fqdn, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheOptimiste, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
-					go pull(ctx, s, fqdn, option)
-					return ips, 1, err
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", fqdn, " at ", cache.name)
-	}
-
-	return fetch(ctx, s, fqdn, option)
-}
-
-func pull(ctx context.Context, s CachedNameserver, fqdn string, option dns.IPOption) {
-	nctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.WithoutCancel(ctx), 8*time.Second)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	fetch(nctx, s, fqdn, option)
-}
-
-func fetch(ctx context.Context, s CachedNameserver, fqdn string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	key := fqdn
-	switch {
-	case option.IPv4Enable && option.IPv6Enable:
-		key = key + "46"
-	case option.IPv4Enable:
-		key = key + "4"
-	case option.IPv6Enable:
-		key = key + "6"
-	}
-
-	v, _, _ := s.getCacheController().requestGroup.Do(key, func() (any, error) {
-		return doFetch(ctx, s, fqdn, option), nil
-	})
-	ret := v.(result)
-
-	return ret.ips, ret.ttl, ret.error
-}
-
-type result struct {
-	ips []net.IP
-	ttl uint32
-	error
-}
-
-func doFetch(ctx context.Context, s CachedNameserver, fqdn string, option dns.IPOption) result {
-	sub4, sub6 := s.getCacheController().registerSubscribers(fqdn, option)
-	defer closeSubscribers(sub4, sub6)
-
-	noResponseErrCh := make(chan error, 2)
-	onEvent := func(sub *pubsub.Subscriber) (*IPRecord, error) {
-		if sub == nil {
-			return nil, nil
-		}
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, err
-		case msg := <-sub.Wait():
-			sub.Close()
-			return msg.(*IPRecord), nil // should panic
-		}
-	}
-
-	start := time.Now()
-	s.sendQuery(ctx, noResponseErrCh, fqdn, option)
-
-	rec4, err4 := onEvent(sub4)
-	rec6, err6 := onEvent(sub6)
-
-	var errs []error
-	if err4 != nil {
-		errs = append(errs, err4)
-	}
-	if err6 != nil {
-		errs = append(errs, err6)
-	}
-
-	ips, ttl, err := merge(option, rec4, rec6, errs...)
-	var rTTL uint32
-	if ttl > 0 {
-		rTTL = uint32(ttl)
-	} else if ttl == 0 && go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-		rTTL = 0
-	} else { // edge case: where a fast rep's ttl expires during the rtt of a slower, parallel query
-		rTTL = 1
-	}
-
-	log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.getCacheController().name, Domain: fqdn, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
-	return result{ips, rTTL, err}
-}
-
-func merge(option dns.IPOption, rec4 *IPRecord, rec6 *IPRecord, errs ...error) ([]net.IP, int32, error) {
-	var allIPs []net.IP
-	var rTTL int32 = dns.DefaultTTL
-
-	mergeReq := option.IPv4Enable && option.IPv6Enable
-
-	if option.IPv4Enable {
-		ips, ttl, err := rec4.getIPs() // it's safe
-		if !mergeReq || go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			return ips, ttl, err
-		}
-		if ttl < rTTL {
-			rTTL = ttl
-		}
-		if len(ips) > 0 {
-			allIPs = append(allIPs, ips...)
-		} else {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if option.IPv6Enable {
-		ips, ttl, err := rec6.getIPs() // it's safe
-		if !mergeReq || go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			return ips, ttl, err
-		}
-		if ttl < rTTL {
-			rTTL = ttl
-		}
-		if len(ips) > 0 {
-			allIPs = append(allIPs, ips...)
-		} else {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(allIPs) > 0 {
-		return allIPs, rTTL, nil
-	}
-	if len(errs) == 2 && go_errors.Is(errs[0], errs[1]) {
-		return nil, rTTL, errs[0]
-	}
-	return nil, rTTL, errors.Combine(errs...)
-}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_doh.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_doh.go
@@ -3,148 +3,237 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"crypto/tls"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
-	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

-	utls "github.com/refraction-networking/utls"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/crypto"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 )

 // DoHNameServer implemented DNS over HTTPS (RFC8484) Wire Format,
 // which is compatible with traditional dns over udp(RFC1035),
 // thus most of the DOH implementation is copied from udpns.go
 type DoHNameServer struct {
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	httpClient      *http.Client
-	dohURL          string
-	clientIP        net.IP
+	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	sync.RWMutex
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	httpClient    *http.Client
+	dohURL        string
+	name          string
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

-// NewDoHNameServer creates DOH/DOHL client object for remote/local resolving.
-func NewDoHNameServer(url *url.URL, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, h2c bool, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) *DoHNameServer {
-	url.Scheme = "https"
-	mode := "DOH"
-	if dispatcher == nil {
-		mode = "DOHL"
-	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created ", mode, " client for ", url.String(), ", with h2c ", h2c)
-	s := &DoHNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(mode+"//"+url.Host, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		dohURL:          url.String(),
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+// NewDoHNameServer creates DOH server object for remote resolving.
+func NewDoHNameServer(url *url.URL, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*DoHNameServer, error) {
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Remote DOH client for ", url.String())
+	s := baseDOHNameServer(url, "DOH", queryStrategy)
+
+	s.dispatcher = dispatcher
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		MaxIdleConns:        30,
+		IdleConnTimeout:     90 * time.Second,
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout: 30 * time.Second,
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2:   true,
+		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			link, err := s.dispatcher.Dispatch(toDnsContext(ctx, s.dohURL), dest)
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			default:
+
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			cc := common.ChainedClosable{}
+			if cw, ok := link.Writer.(common.Closable); ok {
+				cc = append(cc, cw)
+			}
+			if cr, ok := link.Reader.(common.Closable); ok {
+				cc = append(cc, cr)
+			}
+			return cnc.NewConnection(
+				cnc.ConnectionInputMulti(link.Writer),
+				cnc.ConnectionOutputMulti(link.Reader),
+				cnc.ConnectionOnClose(cc),
+			), nil
+		},
 	}
 	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
-		Transport: &http2.Transport{
-			IdleConnTimeout: net.ConnIdleTimeout,
-			ReadIdleTimeout: net.ChromeH2KeepAlivePeriod,
-			DialTLSContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string, cfg *tls.Config) (net.Conn, error) {
-				dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				var conn net.Conn
-				if dispatcher != nil {
-					dnsCtx := toDnsContext(ctx, s.dohURL)
-					if h2c {
-						dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMitmAlpn11(dnsCtx, false) // for insurance
-						dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMitmServerName(dnsCtx, url.Hostname())
-					}
-					link, err := dispatcher.Dispatch(dnsCtx, dest)
-					select {
-					case <-ctx.Done():
-						return nil, ctx.Err()
-					default:
-					}
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					cc := common.ChainedClosable{}
-					if cw, ok := link.Writer.(common.Closable); ok {
-						cc = append(cc, cw)
-					}
-					if cr, ok := link.Reader.(common.Closable); ok {
-						cc = append(cc, cr)
-					}
-					conn = cnc.NewConnection(
-						cnc.ConnectionInputMulti(link.Writer),
-						cnc.ConnectionOutputMulti(link.Reader),
-						cnc.ConnectionOnClose(cc),
-					)
-				} else {
-					log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
-						From:   "DNS",
-						To:     s.dohURL,
-						Status: log.AccessAccepted,
-						Detour: "local",
-					})
-					conn, err = internet.DialSystem(ctx, dest, nil)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-				}
-				if !h2c {
-					conn = utls.UClient(conn, &utls.Config{ServerName: url.Hostname()}, utls.HelloChrome_Auto)
-					if err := conn.(*utls.UConn).HandshakeContext(ctx); err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-				}
-				return conn, nil
-			},
+		Timeout:   time.Second * 180,
+		Transport: tr,
+	}
+
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+// NewDoHLocalNameServer creates DOH client object for local resolving
+func NewDoHLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *DoHNameServer {
+	url.Scheme = "https"
+	s := baseDOHNameServer(url, "DOHL", queryStrategy)
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		IdleConnTimeout:   90 * time.Second,
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2: true,
+		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			conn, err := internet.DialSystem(ctx, dest, nil)
+			log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
+				From:   "DNS",
+				To:     s.dohURL,
+				Status: log.AccessAccepted,
+				Detour: "local",
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return conn, nil
 		},
 	}
+	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   time.Second * 180,
+		Transport: tr,
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local DOH client for ", url.String())
+	return s
+}
+
+func baseDOHNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *DoHNameServer {
+	s := &DoHNameServer{
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          prefix + "//" + url.Host,
+		dohURL:        url.String(),
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+	}
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
+	}
 	return s
 }

 // Name implements Server.
 func (s *DoHNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
 }

-// IsDisableCache implements Server.
-func (s *DoHNameServer) IsDisableCache() bool {
-	return s.cacheController.disableCache
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *DoHNameServer) Cleanup() error {
+	now := time.Now()
+	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *DoHNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+
+	s.Lock()
+	rec, found := s.ips[req.domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+	updated := false
+
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		if isNewer(rec.A, ipRec) {
+			rec.A = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		addr := make([]net.Address, 0, len(ipRec.IP))
+		for _, ip := range ipRec.IP {
+			if len(ip.IP()) == net.IPv6len {
+				addr = append(addr, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		ipRec.IP = addr
+		if isNewer(rec.AAAA, ipRec) {
+			rec.AAAA = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+
+	if updated {
+		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
+	}
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *DoHNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
-	return 0
+	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-// getCacheController implements CachedNameserver.
-func (s *DoHNameServer) getCacheController() *CacheController {
-	return s.cacheController
-}
+func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " querying: ", domain)

-// sendQuery implements CachedNameserver.
-func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, fqdn string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.Name(), " querying: ", fqdn)
-
-	if s.Name()+"." == "DOH//"+fqdn {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.Name(), " tries to resolve itself! Use IP or set \"hosts\" instead")
-		if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-			noResponseErrCh <- errors.New("tries to resolve itself!", s.Name())
-		}
+	if s.name+"." == "DOH//"+domain {
+		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " tries to resolve itself! Use IP or set \"hosts\" instead.")
 		return
 	}

-	// As we don't want our traffic pattern looks like DoH, we use Random-Length Padding instead of Block-Length Padding recommended in RFC 8467
-	// Although DoH server like 1.1.1.1 will pad the response to Block-Length 468, at least it is better than no padding for response at all
-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(fqdn, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, int(crypto.RandBetween(100, 300))))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	var deadline time.Time
 	if d, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
@@ -178,29 +267,20 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er

 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query for ", fqdn)
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
+				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query for ", domain)
 				return
 			}
 			resp, err := s.dohHTTPSContext(dnsCtx, b.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to retrieve response for ", fqdn)
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
+				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to retrieve response for ", domain)
 				return
 			}
 			rec, err := parseResponse(resp)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle DOH response for ", fqdn)
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
+				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle DOH response for ", domain)
 				return
 			}
-			s.cacheController.updateRecord(r, rec)
+			s.updateIP(r, rec)
 		}(req)
 	}
 }
@@ -215,8 +295,6 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) dohHTTPSContext(ctx context.Context, b []byte) ([]byte,
 	req.Header.Add("Accept", "application/dns-message")
 	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/dns-message")

-	req.Header.Set("X-Padding", strings.Repeat("X", int(crypto.RandBetween(100, 1000))))
-
 	hc := s.httpClient

 	resp, err := hc.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
@@ -233,7 +311,107 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) dohHTTPSContext(ctx context.Context, b []byte) ([]byte,
 	return io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 }

-// QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *DoHNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	return queryIP(ctx, s, domain, option)
+func (s *DoHNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	if (option.IPv4Enable && record.A != nil) || (option.IPv6Enable && record.AAAA != nil) {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	return nil, errRecordNotFound
+}
+
+// QueryIP implements Server.
+func (s *DoHNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) { // nolint: dupl
+	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+	} else {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
+	}
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_doh_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_doh_test.go
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	ctx2, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips2, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips2, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, true)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if r := cmp.Diff(ips2, ips); r != "" {
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: false,
-	})
+		IPv6Enable: true,
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: false,
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
+		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_fakedns.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_fakedns.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

@@ -12,24 +13,22 @@ type FakeDNSServer struct {
 	fakeDNSEngine dns.FakeDNSEngine
 }

-func NewFakeDNSServer(fd dns.FakeDNSEngine) *FakeDNSServer {
-	return &FakeDNSServer{fakeDNSEngine: fd}
+func NewFakeDNSServer() *FakeDNSServer {
+	return &FakeDNSServer{}
 }

 func (FakeDNSServer) Name() string {
 	return "FakeDNS"
 }

-// IsDisableCache implements Server.
-func (s *FakeDNSServer) IsDisableCache() bool {
-	return true
-}
-
-func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, opt dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
+func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, opt dns.IPOption, _ bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	if f.fakeDNSEngine == nil {
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("Unable to locate a fake DNS Engine").AtError()
+		if err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fd dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
+			f.fakeDNSEngine = fd
+		}); err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("Unable to locate a fake DNS Engine").Base(err).AtError()
+		}
 	}
-
 	var ips []net.Address
 	if fkr0, ok := f.fakeDNSEngine.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok {
 		ips = fkr0.GetFakeIPForDomain3(domain, opt.IPv4Enable, opt.IPv6Enable)
@@ -39,13 +38,13 @@ func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, opt dns.IPOp

 	netIP, err := toNetIP(ips)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("Unable to convert IP to net ip").Base(err).AtError()
+		return nil, errors.New("Unable to convert IP to net ip").Base(err).AtError()
 	}

 	errors.LogInfo(ctx, f.Name(), " got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips)

 	if len(netIP) > 0 {
-		return netIP, 1, nil // fakeIP ttl is 1
+		return netIP, nil
 	}
-	return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_local.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_local.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package dns

 import (
 	"context"
+	"strings"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
@@ -16,11 +17,16 @@ type LocalNameServer struct {
 	client *localdns.Client
 }

-// QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption) (ips []net.IP, ttl uint32, err error) {
+const errEmptyResponse = "No address associated with hostname"

+// QueryIP implements Server.
+func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, option dns.IPOption, _ bool) (ips []net.IP, err error) {
 	start := time.Now()
-	ips, ttl, err = s.client.LookupIP(domain, option)
+	ips, err = s.client.LookupIP(domain, option)
+
+	if err != nil && strings.HasSuffix(err.Error(), errEmptyResponse) {
+		err = dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}

 	if len(ips) > 0 {
 		errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Localhost got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips)
@@ -35,11 +41,6 @@ func (s *LocalNameServer) Name() string {
 	return "localhost"
 }

-// IsDisableCache implements Server.
-func (s *LocalNameServer) IsDisableCache() bool {
-	return true
-}
-
 // NewLocalNameServer creates localdns server object for directly lookup in system DNS.
 func NewLocalNameServer() *LocalNameServer {
 	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created localhost client")
@@ -49,6 +50,6 @@ func NewLocalNameServer() *LocalNameServer {
 }

 // NewLocalDNSClient creates localdns client object for directly lookup in system DNS.
-func NewLocalDNSClient(ipOption dns.IPOption) *Client {
-	return &Client{server: NewLocalNameServer(), ipOption: &ipOption}
+func NewLocalDNSClient() *Client {
+	return &Client{server: NewLocalNameServer()}
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_local_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_local_test.go
@@ -7,17 +7,18 @@ import (

 	. "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

 func TestLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	s := NewLocalNameServer()
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP{}, dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
 		FakeEnable: false,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_quic.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_quic.go
@@ -6,17 +6,22 @@ import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"net/url"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/quic-go/quic-go"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tls"
+	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 )

@@ -29,14 +34,20 @@ const handshakeTimeout = time.Second * 8
 // QUICNameServer implemented DNS over QUIC
 type QUICNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	destination     *net.Destination
-	connection      *quic.Conn
-	clientIP        net.IP
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	name          string
+	destination   *net.Destination
+	connection    quic.Connection
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

 // NewQUICNameServer creates DNS-over-QUIC client object for local resolving
-func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (*QUICNameServer, error) {
+func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*QUICNameServer, error) {
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local DNS-over-QUIC client for ", url.String())
+
 	var err error
 	port := net.Port(853)
 	if url.Port() != "" {
@@ -48,37 +59,110 @@ func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveEx
 	dest := net.UDPDestination(net.ParseAddress(url.Hostname()), port)

 	s := &QUICNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(url.String(), disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		destination:     &dest,
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          url.String(),
+		destination:   &dest,
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+	}
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}

-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local DNS-over-QUIC client for ", url.String())
 	return s, nil
 }

-// Name implements Server.
+// Name returns client name
 func (s *QUICNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
 }

-// IsDisableCache implements Server.
-func (s *QUICNameServer) IsDisableCache() bool {
-	return s.cacheController.disableCache
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *QUICNameServer) Cleanup() error {
+	now := time.Now()
+	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *QUICNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+
+	s.Lock()
+	rec, found := s.ips[req.domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+	updated := false
+
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		if isNewer(rec.A, ipRec) {
+			rec.A = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		addr := make([]net.Address, 0)
+		for _, ip := range ipRec.IP {
+			if len(ip.IP()) == net.IPv6len {
+				addr = append(addr, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		ipRec.IP = addr
+		if isNewer(rec.AAAA, ipRec) {
+			rec.AAAA = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+
+	if updated {
+		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
+	}
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *QUICNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
-	return 0
+	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-// getCacheController implements CachedNameServer.
-func (s *QUICNameServer) getCacheController() *CacheController { return s.cacheController }
+func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " querying: ", domain)

-// sendQuery implements CachedNameServer.
-func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, fqdn string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.Name(), " querying: ", fqdn)
-
-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(fqdn, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, 0))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	var deadline time.Time
 	if d, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
@@ -110,46 +194,23 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- e
 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			dnsReqBuf := buf.New()
-			err = binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "binary write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
-			_, err = dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "buffer write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
+			binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
+			dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
 			b.Release()

 			conn, err := s.openStream(dnsCtx)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to open quic connection")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			_, err = conn.Write(dnsReqBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to send query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

@@ -160,49 +221,137 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- e
 			n, err := respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, 2)
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
-			var length uint16
+			var length int16
 			err = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(respBuf.Bytes()), binary.BigEndian, &length)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			respBuf.Clear()
 			n, err = respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, int32(length))
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			rec, err := parseResponse(respBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle response")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
-			s.cacheController.updateRecord(r, rec)
+			s.updateIP(r, rec)
 		}(req)
 	}
 }

-// QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *QUICNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	return queryIP(ctx, s, domain, option)
+func (s *QUICNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	if (option.IPv4Enable && record.A != nil) || (option.IPv6Enable && record.AAAA != nil) {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	return nil, errRecordNotFound
 }

-func isActive(s *quic.Conn) bool {
+// QueryIP is called from dns.Server->queryIPTimeout
+func (s *QUICNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+	} else {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func isActive(s quic.Connection) bool {
 	select {
 	case <-s.Context().Done():
 		return false
@@ -211,8 +360,8 @@ func isActive(s *quic.Conn) bool {
 	}
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) getConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
-	var conn *quic.Conn
+func (s *QUICNameServer) getConnection() (quic.Connection, error) {
+	var conn quic.Connection
 	s.RLock()
 	conn = s.connection
 	if conn != nil && isActive(conn) {
@@ -245,7 +394,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) getConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
 	return conn, nil
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
+func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (quic.Connection, error) {
 	tlsConfig := tls.Config{}
 	quicConfig := &quic.Config{
 		HandshakeIdleTimeout: handshakeTimeout,
@@ -265,7 +414,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
 	return conn, nil
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) openStream(ctx context.Context) (*quic.Stream, error) {
+func (s *QUICNameServer) openStream(ctx context.Context) (quic.Stream, error) {
 	conn, err := s.getConnection()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_quic_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_quic_test.go
@@ -16,23 +16,24 @@ import (
 func TestQUICNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
 		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
 	}
+
 	ctx2, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips2, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips2, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, true)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if r := cmp.Diff(ips2, ips); r != "" {
@@ -43,13 +44,13 @@ func TestQUICNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: false,
-	})
+		IPv6Enable: true,
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -66,13 +67,13 @@ func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: false,
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
+		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_tcp.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_tcp.go
@@ -5,37 +5,46 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"net/url"
+	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
+	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 )

 // TCPNameServer implemented DNS over TCP (RFC7766).
 type TCPNameServer struct {
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	destination     *net.Destination
-	reqID           uint32
-	dial            func(context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
-	clientIP        net.IP
+	sync.RWMutex
+	name          string
+	destination   *net.Destination
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	dial          func(context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

 // NewTCPNameServer creates DNS over TCP server object for remote resolving.
 func NewTCPNameServer(
 	url *url.URL,
 	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher,
-	disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32,
-	clientIP net.IP,
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy,
 ) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
-	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCP", disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCP", queryStrategy)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -52,13 +61,12 @@ func NewTCPNameServer(
 		), nil
 	}

-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created TCP client initialized for ", url.String())
 	return s, nil
 }

 // NewTCPLocalNameServer creates DNS over TCP client object for local resolving
-func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
-	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCPL", disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCPL", queryStrategy)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -67,11 +75,10 @@ func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, ser
 		return internet.DialSystem(ctx, *s.destination, nil)
 	}

-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local TCP client initialized for ", url.String())
 	return s, nil
 }

-func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
 	port := net.Port(53)
 	if url.Port() != "" {
 		var err error
@@ -82,9 +89,15 @@ func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, disableCache bool, serveStal
 	dest := net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress(url.Hostname()), port)

 	s := &TCPNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(prefix+"//"+dest.NetAddr(), disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		destination:     &dest,
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+		destination:   &dest,
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          prefix + "//" + dest.NetAddr(),
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+	}
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}

 	return s, nil
@@ -92,28 +105,94 @@ func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, disableCache bool, serveStal

 // Name implements Server.
 func (s *TCPNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
 }

-// IsDisableCache implements Server.
-func (s *TCPNameServer) IsDisableCache() bool {
-	return s.cacheController.disableCache
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *TCPNameServer) Cleanup() error {
+	now := time.Now()
+	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *TCPNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+
+	s.Lock()
+	rec, found := s.ips[req.domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+	updated := false
+
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		if isNewer(rec.A, ipRec) {
+			rec.A = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		addr := make([]net.Address, 0)
+		for _, ip := range ipRec.IP {
+			if len(ip.IP()) == net.IPv6len {
+				addr = append(addr, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		ipRec.IP = addr
+		if isNewer(rec.AAAA, ipRec) {
+			rec.AAAA = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+
+	if updated {
+		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
+	}
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *TCPNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
 	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-// getCacheController implements CachedNameserver.
-func (s *TCPNameServer) getCacheController() *CacheController {
-	return s.cacheController
-}
+func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain)

-// sendQuery implements CachedNameserver.
-func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, fqdn string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.Name(), " querying DNS for: ", fqdn)
-
-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(fqdn, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, 0))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	var deadline time.Time
 	if d, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
@@ -142,46 +221,23 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er
 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			conn, err := s.dial(dnsCtx)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to dial namesever")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			defer conn.Close()
 			dnsReqBuf := buf.New()
-			err = binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "binary write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
-			_, err = dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "buffer write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
+			binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
+			dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
 			b.Release()

 			_, err = conn.Write(dnsReqBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to send query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			dnsReqBuf.Release()
@@ -191,45 +247,129 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er
 			n, err := respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, 2)
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
-			var length uint16
+			var length int16
 			err = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(respBuf.Bytes()), binary.BigEndian, &length)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			respBuf.Clear()
 			n, err = respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, int32(length))
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			rec, err := parseResponse(respBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse DNS over TCP response")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

-			s.cacheController.updateRecord(r, rec)
+			s.updateIP(r, rec)
 		}(req)
 	}
 }

-// QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *TCPNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	return queryIP(ctx, s, domain, option)
+func (s *TCPNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+}
+
+// QueryIP implements Server.
+func (s *TCPNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+	} else {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
+	}
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_tcp_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_tcp_test.go
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ import (
 func TestTCPLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	ctx2, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips2, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips2, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, true)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if r := cmp.Diff(ips2, ips); r != "" {
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: false,
-	})
+		IPv6Enable: true,
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)

@@ -85,13 +85,13 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: false,
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
+		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)

--- a/app/dns/nameserver_udp.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_udp.go
@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	udp_proto "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/udp"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
@@ -22,61 +24,74 @@ import (
 // ClassicNameServer implemented traditional UDP DNS.
 type ClassicNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	address         *net.Destination
-	requests        map[uint16]*udpDnsRequest
-	udpServer       *udp.Dispatcher
-	requestsCleanup *task.Periodic
-	reqID           uint32
-	clientIP        net.IP
-}
-
-type udpDnsRequest struct {
-	dnsRequest
-	ctx context.Context
+	name          string
+	address       *net.Destination
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	requests      map[uint16]*dnsRequest
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	udpServer     *udp.Dispatcher
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

 // NewClassicNameServer creates udp server object for remote resolving.
-func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) *ClassicNameServer {
+func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *ClassicNameServer {
 	// default to 53 if unspecific
 	if address.Port == 0 {
 		address.Port = net.Port(53)
 	}

 	s := &ClassicNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(strings.ToUpper(address.String()), disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		address:         &address,
-		requests:        make(map[uint16]*udpDnsRequest),
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+		address:       &address,
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		requests:      make(map[uint16]*dnsRequest),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          strings.ToUpper(address.String()),
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
 	}
-	s.requestsCleanup = &task.Periodic{
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
 		Interval: time.Minute,
-		Execute:  s.RequestsCleanup,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}
 	s.udpServer = udp.NewDispatcher(dispatcher, s.HandleResponse)
-
 	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created UDP client initialized for ", address.NetAddr())
 	return s
 }

 // Name implements Server.
 func (s *ClassicNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
 }

-// IsDisableCache implements Server.
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) IsDisableCache() bool {
-	return s.cacheController.disableCache
-}
-
-// RequestsCleanup clears expired items from cache
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) RequestsCleanup() error {
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 	now := time.Now()
 	s.Lock()
 	defer s.Unlock()

-	if len(s.requests) == 0 {
-		return errors.New(s.Name(), " nothing to do. stopping...")
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 && len(s.requests) == 0 {
+		return errors.New(s.name, " nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
 	}

 	for id, req := range s.requests {
@@ -86,7 +101,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) RequestsCleanup() error {
 	}

 	if len(s.requests) == 0 {
-		s.requests = make(map[uint16]*udpDnsRequest)
+		s.requests = make(map[uint16]*dnsRequest)
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -94,11 +109,9 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) RequestsCleanup() error {

 // HandleResponse handles udp response packet from remote DNS server.
 func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_proto.Packet) {
-	payload := packet.Payload
-	ipRec, err := parseResponse(payload.Bytes())
-	payload.Release()
+	ipRec, err := parseResponse(packet.Payload.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
-		errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " fail to parse responded DNS udp")
+		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " fail to parse responded DNS udp")
 		return
 	}

@@ -111,74 +124,179 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_prot
 	}
 	s.Unlock()
 	if !ok {
-		errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cannot find the pending request")
+		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " cannot find the pending request")
 		return
 	}

-	// if truncated, retry with EDNS0 option(udp payload size: 1350)
-	if ipRec.RawHeader.Truncated {
-		// if already has EDNS0 option, no need to retry
-		if len(req.msg.Additionals) == 0 {
-			// copy necessary meta data from original request
-			// and add EDNS0 option
-			opt := new(dnsmessage.Resource)
-			common.Must(opt.Header.SetEDNS0(1350, 0xfe00, true))
-			opt.Body = &dnsmessage.OPTResource{}
-			newMsg := *req.msg
-			newReq := *req
-			newMsg.Additionals = append(newMsg.Additionals, *opt)
-			newMsg.ID = s.newReqID()
-			newReq.msg = &newMsg
-			s.addPendingRequest(&newReq)
-			b, _ := dns.PackMessage(newReq.msg)
-			copyDest := net.UDPDestination(s.address.Address, s.address.Port)
-			b.UDP = &copyDest
-			s.udpServer.Dispatch(toDnsContext(newReq.ctx, s.address.String()), *s.address, b)
-			return
-		}
+	var rec record
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		rec.A = ipRec
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		rec.AAAA = ipRec
 	}

-	s.cacheController.updateRecord(&req.dnsRequest, ipRec)
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+	if len(req.domain) > 0 && (rec.A != nil || rec.AAAA != nil) {
+		s.updateIP(req.domain, &rec)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) updateIP(domain string, newRec *record) {
+	s.Lock()
+
+	rec, found := s.ips[domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+
+	updated := false
+	if isNewer(rec.A, newRec.A) {
+		rec.A = newRec.A
+		updated = true
+	}
+	if isNewer(rec.AAAA, newRec.AAAA) {
+		rec.AAAA = newRec.AAAA
+		updated = true
+	}
+
+	if updated {
+		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " updating IP records for domain:", domain)
+		s.ips[domain] = rec
+	}
+	if newRec.A != nil {
+		s.pub.Publish(domain+"4", nil)
+	}
+	if newRec.AAAA != nil {
+		s.pub.Publish(domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *ClassicNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
 	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-func (s *ClassicNameServer) addPendingRequest(req *udpDnsRequest) {
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) addPendingRequest(req *dnsRequest) {
 	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
 	id := req.msg.ID
 	req.expire = time.Now().Add(time.Second * 8)
 	s.requests[id] = req
-	s.Unlock()
-	common.Must(s.requestsCleanup.Start())
 }

-// getCacheController implements CachedNameserver.
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) getCacheController() *CacheController {
-	return s.cacheController
-}
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain)

-// sendQuery implements CachedNameserver.
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, _ chan<- error, fqdn string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.Name(), " querying DNS for: ", fqdn)
-
-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(fqdn, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, 0))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	for _, req := range reqs {
-		udpReq := &udpDnsRequest{
-			dnsRequest: *req,
-			ctx:        ctx,
-		}
-		s.addPendingRequest(udpReq)
+		s.addPendingRequest(req)
 		b, _ := dns.PackMessage(req.msg)
-		copyDest := net.UDPDestination(s.address.Address, s.address.Port)
-		b.UDP = &copyDest
 		s.udpServer.Dispatch(toDnsContext(ctx, s.address.String()), *s.address, b)
 	}
 }

-// QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	return queryIP(ctx, s, domain, option)
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+}
+
+// QueryIP implements Server.
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+	} else {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
+	}
 }
--- a/app/metrics/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/metrics/config.pb.go
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ type Config struct {
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

 	// Tag of the outbound handler that handles metrics http connections.
-	Tag    string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
-	Listen string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=listen,proto3" json:"listen,omitempty"`
+	Tag string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
@@ -68,28 +67,20 @@ func (x *Config) GetTag() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *Config) GetListen() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Listen
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 var File_app_metrics_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x0a, 0x18, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f,
 	0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x10, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
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+	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x22, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x06,
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-	0x65, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74, 0x65, 0x6e,
-	0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70,
-	0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68,
-	0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63,
-	0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74,
-	0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e,
+	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73,
+	0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78,
+	0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70,
+	0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
+	0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72,
+	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
--- a/app/metrics/config.proto
+++ b/app/metrics/config.proto
@@ -10,5 +10,4 @@ option java_multiple_files = true;
 message Config {
  // Tag of the outbound handler that handles metrics http connections.
  string tag = 1;
-  string listen = 2;
 }
--- a/app/metrics/metrics.go
+++ b/app/metrics/metrics.go
@@ -24,15 +24,12 @@ type MetricsHandler struct {
 	statsManager feature_stats.Manager
 	observatory  extension.Observatory
 	tag          string
-	listen       string
-	tcpListener  net.Listener
 }

 // NewMetricsHandler creates a new MetricsHandler based on the given config.
 func NewMetricsHandler(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*MetricsHandler, error) {
 	c := &MetricsHandler{
-		tag:    config.Tag,
-		listen: config.Listen,
+		tag: config.Tag,
 	}
 	common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, sm feature_stats.Manager) {
 		c.statsManager = sm
@@ -90,23 +87,6 @@ func (p *MetricsHandler) Type() interface{} {
 }

 func (p *MetricsHandler) Start() error {
-
-	// direct listen a port if listen is set
-	if p.listen != "" {
-		TCPlistener, err := net.Listen("tcp", p.listen)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		p.tcpListener = TCPlistener
-		errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "Metrics server listening on ", p.listen)
-
-		go func() {
-			if err := http.Serve(TCPlistener, http.DefaultServeMux); err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to start metrics server")
-			}
-		}()
-	}
-
 	listener := &OutboundListener{
 		buffer: make(chan net.Conn, 4),
 		done:   done.New(),
--- a/app/metrics/outbound.go
+++ b/app/metrics/outbound.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
 )
@@ -109,13 +108,3 @@ func (co *Outbound) Close() error {
 	co.closed = true
 	return co.listener.Close()
 }
-
-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/burstobserver.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/burstobserver.go
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/extension"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

@@ -89,15 +88,13 @@ func (o *Observer) Close() error {

 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Observer, error) {
 	var outboundManager outbound.Manager
-	var dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, rd routing.Dispatcher) {
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager) {
 		outboundManager = om
-		dispatcher = rd
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
 	}
-	hp := NewHealthPing(ctx, dispatcher, config.PingConfig)
+	hp := NewHealthPing(ctx, config.PingConfig)
 	return &Observer{
 		config: config,
 		ctx:    ctx,
--- a/app/observatory/burst/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/config.pb.go
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.2
 // 	protoc        v5.28.2
 // source: app/observatory/burst/config.proto

@@ -89,9 +89,8 @@ type HealthPingConfig struct {
 	// sampling count is the amount of recent ping results which are kept for calculation
 	SamplingCount int32 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=samplingCount,proto3" json:"samplingCount,omitempty"`
 	// ping timeout, int64 values of time.Duration
-	Timeout int64 `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=timeout,proto3" json:"timeout,omitempty"`
-	// http method to make request
-	HttpMethod string `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=httpMethod,proto3" json:"httpMethod,omitempty"`
+	Timeout              int64   `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=timeout,proto3" json:"timeout,omitempty"`
+	ExpectedResponseCode []int32 `protobuf:"varint,6,rep,packed,name=expectedResponseCode,proto3" json:"expectedResponseCode,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *HealthPingConfig) Reset() {
@@ -159,11 +158,11 @@ func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetTimeout() int64 {
 	return 0
 }

-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetHttpMethod() string {
+func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetExpectedResponseCode() []int32 {
 	if x != nil {
-		return x.HttpMethod
+		return x.ExpectedResponseCode
 	}
-	return ""
+	return nil
 }

 var File_app_observatory_burst_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
@@ -182,7 +181,7 @@ var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x2e, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72,
 	0x73, 0x74, 0x2e, 0x48, 0x65, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x68, 0x50, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e,
 	0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x70, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x22,
-	0xd4, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x48, 0x65, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x68, 0x50, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f,
+	0xe8, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x48, 0x65, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x68, 0x50, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f,
 	0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x64, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x74,
 	0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0b, 0x64, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x69,
 	0x6e, 0x61, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x12, 0x22, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x63,
@@ -193,16 +192,18 @@ var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x05, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x73,
 	0x61, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x12, 0x18, 0x0a, 0x07,
 	0x74, 0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x18, 0x05, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x03, 0x52, 0x07, 0x74,
-	0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x12, 0x1e, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x68, 0x74, 0x74, 0x70, 0x4d, 0x65,
-	0x74, 0x68, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x18, 0x06, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x68, 0x74, 0x74, 0x70,
-	0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x42, 0x70, 0x0a, 0x1e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72,
-	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f,
-	0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x2f, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68,
-	0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76,
-	0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x2f, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x1a, 0x58, 0x72,
-	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f,
-	0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x42, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x12, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x65, 0x78, 0x70, 0x65, 0x63, 0x74,
+	0x65, 0x64, 0x52, 0x65, 0x73, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x65, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x18, 0x06,
+	0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x05, 0x52, 0x14, 0x65, 0x78, 0x70, 0x65, 0x63, 0x74, 0x65, 0x64, 0x52, 0x65,
+	0x73, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x65, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x42, 0x70, 0x0a, 0x1e, 0x63, 0x6f,
+	0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72,
+	0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x2f,
+	0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f,
+	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6f, 0x62,
+	0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x2f, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0xaa,
+	0x02, 0x1a, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72,
+	0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x42, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72,
+	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
--- a/app/observatory/burst/config.proto
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/config.proto
@@ -26,7 +26,5 @@ message HealthPingConfig {
  int32 samplingCount = 4;
  // ping timeout, int64 values of time.Duration
  int64 timeout = 5;
-  // http method to make request
-  string httpMethod = 6;
-
+  repeated int32 expectedResponseCode = 6;
 }
--- a/app/observatory/burst/healthping.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/healthping.go
@@ -9,23 +9,21 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 )

 // HealthPingSettings holds settings for health Checker
 type HealthPingSettings struct {
-	Destination   string        `json:"destination"`
-	Connectivity  string        `json:"connectivity"`
-	Interval      time.Duration `json:"interval"`
-	SamplingCount int           `json:"sampling"`
-	Timeout       time.Duration `json:"timeout"`
-	HttpMethod    string        `json:"httpMethod"`
+	Destination          string        `json:"destination"`
+	Connectivity         string        `json:"connectivity"`
+	Interval             time.Duration `json:"interval"`
+	SamplingCount        int           `json:"sampling"`
+	Timeout              time.Duration `json:"timeout"`
+	ExpectedResponseCode []int32       `json:"expectedResponseCode"`
 }

 // HealthPing is the health checker for balancers
 type HealthPing struct {
 	ctx         context.Context
-	dispatcher  routing.Dispatcher
 	access      sync.Mutex
 	ticker      *time.Ticker
 	tickerClose chan struct{}
@@ -35,24 +33,16 @@ type HealthPing struct {
 }

 // NewHealthPing creates a new HealthPing with settings
-func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, config *HealthPingConfig) *HealthPing {
+func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, config *HealthPingConfig) *HealthPing {
 	settings := &HealthPingSettings{}
 	if config != nil {
-
-		var httpMethod string
-		if config.HttpMethod == "" {
-			httpMethod = "HEAD"
-		} else {
-			httpMethod = strings.TrimSpace(config.HttpMethod)
-		}
-
 		settings = &HealthPingSettings{
-			Connectivity:  strings.TrimSpace(config.Connectivity),
-			Destination:   strings.TrimSpace(config.Destination),
-			Interval:      time.Duration(config.Interval),
-			SamplingCount: int(config.SamplingCount),
-			Timeout:       time.Duration(config.Timeout),
-			HttpMethod:    httpMethod,
+			Connectivity:         strings.TrimSpace(config.Connectivity),
+			Destination:          strings.TrimSpace(config.Destination),
+			Interval:             time.Duration(config.Interval),
+			SamplingCount:        int(config.SamplingCount),
+			Timeout:              time.Duration(config.Timeout),
+			ExpectedResponseCode: config.ExpectedResponseCode,
 		}
 	}
 	if settings.Destination == "" {
@@ -60,6 +50,7 @@ func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, config *H
 		// https://github.com/chromium/chromium/blob/main/components/safety_check/url_constants.cc#L10
 		// https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/components/safety_check/url_constants.cc#10
 		settings.Destination = "https://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204"
+		settings.ExpectedResponseCode = []int32{ 204 }
 	}
 	if settings.Interval == 0 {
 		settings.Interval = time.Duration(1) * time.Minute
@@ -76,10 +67,9 @@ func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, config *H
 		settings.Timeout = time.Duration(5) * time.Second
 	}
 	return &HealthPing{
-		ctx:        ctx,
-		dispatcher: dispatcher,
-		Settings:   settings,
-		Results:    nil,
+		ctx:      ctx,
+		Settings: settings,
+		Results:  nil,
 	}
 }

@@ -162,10 +152,10 @@ func (h *HealthPing) doCheck(tags []string, duration time.Duration, rounds int)
 		handler := tag
 		client := newPingClient(
 			h.ctx,
-			h.dispatcher,
 			h.Settings.Destination,
 			h.Settings.Timeout,
 			handler,
+			h.Settings.ExpectedResponseCode,
 		)
 		for i := 0; i < rounds; i++ {
 			delay := time.Duration(0)
@@ -174,7 +164,7 @@ func (h *HealthPing) doCheck(tags []string, duration time.Duration, rounds int)
 			}
 			time.AfterFunc(delay, func() {
 				errors.LogDebug(h.ctx, "checking ", handler)
-				delay, err := client.MeasureDelay(h.Settings.HttpMethod)
+				delay, err := client.MeasureDelay()
 				if err == nil {
 					ch <- &rtt{
 						handler: handler,
@@ -261,7 +251,7 @@ func (h *HealthPing) checkConnectivity() bool {
 		h.Settings.Connectivity,
 		h.Settings.Timeout,
 	)
-	if _, err := tester.MeasureDelay(h.Settings.HttpMethod); err != nil {
+	if _, err := tester.MeasureDelay(); err != nil {
 		return false
 	}
 	return true
--- a/app/observatory/burst/ping.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/ping.go
@@ -2,35 +2,37 @@ package burst

 import (
 	"context"
-	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tagged"
 )

 type pingClient struct {
-	destination string
-	httpClient  *http.Client
+	destination          string
+	httpClient           *http.Client
+	expectedResponseCode []int32
 }

-func newPingClient(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, destination string, timeout time.Duration, handler string) *pingClient {
+func newPingClient(ctx context.Context, destination string, timeout time.Duration, handler string, expectedResponseCode []int32) *pingClient {
 	return &pingClient{
-		destination: destination,
-		httpClient:  newHTTPClient(ctx, dispatcher, handler, timeout),
+		destination:          destination,
+		httpClient:           newHTTPClient(ctx, handler, timeout),
+		expectedResponseCode: expectedResponseCode,
 	}
 }

 func newDirectPingClient(destination string, timeout time.Duration) *pingClient {
 	return &pingClient{
-		destination: destination,
-		httpClient:  &http.Client{Timeout: timeout},
+		destination:          destination,
+		httpClient:           &http.Client{Timeout: timeout},
+		expectedResponseCode: []int32{},
 	}
 }

-func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler string, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
+func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, handler string, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
 	tr := &http.Transport{
 		DisableKeepAlives: true,
 		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return tagged.Dialer(ctxv, dispatcher, dest, handler)
+			return tagged.Dialer(ctxv, dest, handler)
 		},
 	}
 	return &http.Client{
@@ -52,28 +54,32 @@ func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler
 }

 // MeasureDelay returns the delay time of the request to dest
-func (s *pingClient) MeasureDelay(httpMethod string) (time.Duration, error) {
+func (s *pingClient) MeasureDelay() (time.Duration, error) {
 	if s.httpClient == nil {
 		panic("pingClient not initialized")
 	}
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(httpMethod, s.destination, nil)
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodHead, s.destination, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return rttFailed, err
 	}
-
 	start := time.Now()
 	resp, err := s.httpClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return rttFailed, err
 	}
-	if httpMethod == http.MethodGet {
-		_, err = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body)
-		if err != nil {
-			return rttFailed, err
+	if len(s.expectedResponseCode) > 0 {
+		found := false
+		for _, c := range s.expectedResponseCode {
+			if c == int32(resp.StatusCode) {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			return rttFailed, errors.New("Unexpected response code: ", resp.StatusCode, " expected: ", s.expectedResponseCode)
 		}
 	}
+	// don't wait for body
 	resp.Body.Close()
-
 	return time.Since(start), nil
 }
--- a/app/observatory/command/command.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func init() {
 		sv := &service{v: s}
 		err := s.RequireFeatures(func(Observatory extension.Observatory) {
 			sv.observatory = Observatory
-		}, false)
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
--- a/app/observatory/observer.go
+++ b/app/observatory/observer.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/extension"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tagged"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
@@ -32,8 +31,7 @@ type Observer struct {

 	finished *done.Instance

-	ohm        outbound.Manager
-	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	ohm outbound.Manager
 }

 func (o *Observer) GetObservation(ctx context.Context) (proto.Message, error) {
@@ -133,7 +131,7 @@ func (o *Observer) probe(outbound string) ProbeResult {
 					return errors.New("cannot understand address").Base(err)
 				}
 				trackedCtx := session.TrackedConnectionError(o.ctx, errorCollectorForRequest)
-				conn, err := tagged.Dialer(trackedCtx, o.dispatcher, dest, outbound)
+				conn, err := tagged.Dialer(trackedCtx, dest, outbound)
 				if err != nil {
 					return errors.New("cannot dial remote address ", dest).Base(err)
 				}
@@ -217,19 +215,16 @@ func (o *Observer) findStatusLocationLockHolderOnly(outbound string) int {

 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Observer, error) {
 	var outboundManager outbound.Manager
-	var dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, rd routing.Dispatcher) {
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager) {
 		outboundManager = om
-		dispatcher = rd
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
 	}
 	return &Observer{
-		config:     config,
-		ctx:        ctx,
-		ohm:        outboundManager,
-		dispatcher: dispatcher,
+		config: config,
+		ctx:    ctx,
+		ohm:    outboundManager,
 	}, nil
 }

--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package command
 import (
 	"context"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/commander"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
@@ -100,28 +99,6 @@ func (s *handlerServer) AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, request *AlterInboundR
 	return &AlterInboundResponse{}, operation.ApplyInbound(ctx, handler)
 }

-func (s *handlerServer) ListInbounds(ctx context.Context, request *ListInboundsRequest) (*ListInboundsResponse, error) {
-	handlers := s.ihm.ListHandlers(ctx)
-	response := &ListInboundsResponse{}
-	if request.GetIsOnlyTags() {
-		for _, handler := range handlers {
-			response.Inbounds = append(response.Inbounds, &core.InboundHandlerConfig{
-				Tag: handler.Tag(),
-			})
-		}
-	} else {
-		for _, handler := range handlers {
-			response.Inbounds = append(response.Inbounds, &core.InboundHandlerConfig{
-				Tag:              handler.Tag(),
-				ReceiverSettings: handler.ReceiverSettings(),
-				ProxySettings:    handler.ProxySettings(),
-			})
-		}
-	}
-
-	return response, nil
-}
-
 func (s *handlerServer) GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, request *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
 	handler, err := s.ihm.GetHandler(ctx, request.Tag)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -187,23 +164,6 @@ func (s *handlerServer) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, request *AlterOutboun
 	return &AlterOutboundResponse{}, operation.ApplyOutbound(ctx, handler)
 }

-func (s *handlerServer) ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, request *ListOutboundsRequest) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error) {
-	handlers := s.ohm.ListHandlers(ctx)
-	response := &ListOutboundsResponse{}
-	for _, handler := range handlers {
-		// Ignore gRPC outbound
-		if _, ok := handler.(*commander.Outbound); ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		response.Outbounds = append(response.Outbounds, &core.OutboundHandlerConfig{
-			Tag:            handler.Tag(),
-			SenderSettings: handler.SenderSettings(),
-			ProxySettings:  handler.ProxySettings(),
-		})
-	}
-	return response, nil
-}
-
 func (s *handlerServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer() {}

 type service struct {
@@ -217,7 +177,7 @@ func (s *service) Register(server *grpc.Server) {
 	common.Must(s.v.RequireFeatures(func(im inbound.Manager, om outbound.Manager) {
 		hs.ihm = im
 		hs.ohm = om
-	}, false))
+	}))
 	RegisterHandlerServiceServer(server, hs)

 	// For compatibility purposes
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.pb.go
@@ -364,96 +364,6 @@ func (*AlterInboundResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
 	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
 }

-type ListInboundsRequest struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	IsOnlyTags bool `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=isOnlyTags,proto3" json:"isOnlyTags,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsRequest) Reset() {
-	*x = ListInboundsRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsRequest) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*ListInboundsRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use ListInboundsRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*ListInboundsRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
-}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsRequest) GetIsOnlyTags() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.IsOnlyTags
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-type ListInboundsResponse struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	Inbounds []*core.InboundHandlerConfig `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=inbounds,proto3" json:"inbounds,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsResponse) Reset() {
-	*x = ListInboundsResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsResponse) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*ListInboundsResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use ListInboundsResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*ListInboundsResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
-}
-
-func (x *ListInboundsResponse) GetInbounds() []*core.InboundHandlerConfig {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Inbounds
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 type GetInboundUserRequest struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -465,7 +375,7 @@ type GetInboundUserRequest struct {

 func (x *GetInboundUserRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = GetInboundUserRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -477,7 +387,7 @@ func (x *GetInboundUserRequest) String() string {
 func (*GetInboundUserRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetInboundUserRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -490,7 +400,7 @@ func (x *GetInboundUserRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use GetInboundUserRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*GetInboundUserRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
 }

 func (x *GetInboundUserRequest) GetTag() string {
@@ -517,7 +427,7 @@ type GetInboundUserResponse struct {

 func (x *GetInboundUserResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = GetInboundUserResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -529,7 +439,7 @@ func (x *GetInboundUserResponse) String() string {
 func (*GetInboundUserResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetInboundUserResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -542,7 +452,7 @@ func (x *GetInboundUserResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use GetInboundUserResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*GetInboundUserResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{11}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
 }

 func (x *GetInboundUserResponse) GetUsers() []*protocol.User {
@@ -562,7 +472,7 @@ type GetInboundUsersCountResponse struct {

 func (x *GetInboundUsersCountResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = GetInboundUsersCountResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -574,7 +484,7 @@ func (x *GetInboundUsersCountResponse) String() string {
 func (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetInboundUsersCountResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -587,7 +497,7 @@ func (x *GetInboundUsersCountResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use GetInboundUsersCountResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{12}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10}
 }

 func (x *GetInboundUsersCountResponse) GetCount() int64 {
@@ -607,7 +517,7 @@ type AddOutboundRequest struct {

 func (x *AddOutboundRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = AddOutboundRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -619,7 +529,7 @@ func (x *AddOutboundRequest) String() string {
 func (*AddOutboundRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AddOutboundRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -632,7 +542,7 @@ func (x *AddOutboundRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use AddOutboundRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*AddOutboundRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{13}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{11}
 }

 func (x *AddOutboundRequest) GetOutbound() *core.OutboundHandlerConfig {
@@ -650,7 +560,7 @@ type AddOutboundResponse struct {

 func (x *AddOutboundResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = AddOutboundResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -662,7 +572,7 @@ func (x *AddOutboundResponse) String() string {
 func (*AddOutboundResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AddOutboundResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -675,7 +585,7 @@ func (x *AddOutboundResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use AddOutboundResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*AddOutboundResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{14}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{12}
 }

 type RemoveOutboundRequest struct {
@@ -688,7 +598,7 @@ type RemoveOutboundRequest struct {

 func (x *RemoveOutboundRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = RemoveOutboundRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[15]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -700,7 +610,7 @@ func (x *RemoveOutboundRequest) String() string {
 func (*RemoveOutboundRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RemoveOutboundRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[15]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -713,7 +623,7 @@ func (x *RemoveOutboundRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use RemoveOutboundRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*RemoveOutboundRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{15}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{13}
 }

 func (x *RemoveOutboundRequest) GetTag() string {
@@ -731,7 +641,7 @@ type RemoveOutboundResponse struct {

 func (x *RemoveOutboundResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = RemoveOutboundResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[16]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -743,7 +653,7 @@ func (x *RemoveOutboundResponse) String() string {
 func (*RemoveOutboundResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RemoveOutboundResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[16]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -756,7 +666,7 @@ func (x *RemoveOutboundResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use RemoveOutboundResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*RemoveOutboundResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{16}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{14}
 }

 type AlterOutboundRequest struct {
@@ -770,7 +680,7 @@ type AlterOutboundRequest struct {

 func (x *AlterOutboundRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = AlterOutboundRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[17]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[15]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -782,7 +692,7 @@ func (x *AlterOutboundRequest) String() string {
 func (*AlterOutboundRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AlterOutboundRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[17]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[15]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -795,7 +705,7 @@ func (x *AlterOutboundRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use AlterOutboundRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*AlterOutboundRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{17}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{15}
 }

 func (x *AlterOutboundRequest) GetTag() string {
@@ -820,7 +730,7 @@ type AlterOutboundResponse struct {

 func (x *AlterOutboundResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = AlterOutboundResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[18]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[16]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -832,7 +742,7 @@ func (x *AlterOutboundResponse) String() string {
 func (*AlterOutboundResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AlterOutboundResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[18]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[16]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -845,88 +755,7 @@ func (x *AlterOutboundResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use AlterOutboundResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*AlterOutboundResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{18}
-}
-
-type ListOutboundsRequest struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsRequest) Reset() {
-	*x = ListOutboundsRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[19]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsRequest) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*ListOutboundsRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[19]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use ListOutboundsRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*ListOutboundsRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{19}
-}
-
-type ListOutboundsResponse struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	Outbounds []*core.OutboundHandlerConfig `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=outbounds,proto3" json:"outbounds,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsResponse) Reset() {
-	*x = ListOutboundsResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[20]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsResponse) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*ListOutboundsResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[20]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use ListOutboundsResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*ListOutboundsResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{20}
-}
-
-func (x *ListOutboundsResponse) GetOutbounds() []*core.OutboundHandlerConfig {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Outbounds
-	}
-	return nil
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{16}
 }

 type Config struct {
@@ -937,7 +766,7 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[21]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[17]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -949,7 +778,7 @@ func (x *Config) String() string {
 func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[21]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes[17]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -962,7 +791,7 @@ func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use Config.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{21}
+	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{17}
 }

 var File_app_proxyman_command_command_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
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@@ -1118,22 +924,14 @@ var file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x1a, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78,
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+	0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -1148,7 +946,7 @@ func file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDescData
 }

-var file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 22)
+var file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 18)
 var file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_goTypes = []any{
 	(*AddUserOperation)(nil),             // 0: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddUserOperation
 	(*RemoveUserOperation)(nil),          // 1: xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveUserOperation
@@ -1158,59 +956,49 @@ var file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_goTypes = []any{
 	(*RemoveInboundResponse)(nil),        // 5: xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveInboundResponse
 	(*AlterInboundRequest)(nil),          // 6: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundRequest
 	(*AlterInboundResponse)(nil),         // 7: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundResponse
-	(*ListInboundsRequest)(nil),          // 8: xray.app.proxyman.command.ListInboundsRequest
-	(*ListInboundsResponse)(nil),         // 9: xray.app.proxyman.command.ListInboundsResponse
-	(*GetInboundUserRequest)(nil),        // 10: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserRequest
-	(*GetInboundUserResponse)(nil),       // 11: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserResponse
-	(*GetInboundUsersCountResponse)(nil), // 12: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUsersCountResponse
-	(*AddOutboundRequest)(nil),           // 13: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundRequest
-	(*AddOutboundResponse)(nil),          // 14: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundResponse
-	(*RemoveOutboundRequest)(nil),        // 15: xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundRequest
-	(*RemoveOutboundResponse)(nil),       // 16: xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundResponse
-	(*AlterOutboundRequest)(nil),         // 17: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundRequest
-	(*AlterOutboundResponse)(nil),        // 18: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundResponse
-	(*ListOutboundsRequest)(nil),         // 19: xray.app.proxyman.command.ListOutboundsRequest
-	(*ListOutboundsResponse)(nil),        // 20: xray.app.proxyman.command.ListOutboundsResponse
-	(*Config)(nil),                       // 21: xray.app.proxyman.command.Config
-	(*protocol.User)(nil),                // 22: xray.common.protocol.User
-	(*core.InboundHandlerConfig)(nil),    // 23: xray.core.InboundHandlerConfig
-	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil),          // 24: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	(*core.OutboundHandlerConfig)(nil),   // 25: xray.core.OutboundHandlerConfig
+	(*GetInboundUserRequest)(nil),        // 8: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserRequest
+	(*GetInboundUserResponse)(nil),       // 9: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserResponse
+	(*GetInboundUsersCountResponse)(nil), // 10: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUsersCountResponse
+	(*AddOutboundRequest)(nil),           // 11: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundRequest
+	(*AddOutboundResponse)(nil),          // 12: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundResponse
+	(*RemoveOutboundRequest)(nil),        // 13: xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundRequest
+	(*RemoveOutboundResponse)(nil),       // 14: xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundResponse
+	(*AlterOutboundRequest)(nil),         // 15: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundRequest
+	(*AlterOutboundResponse)(nil),        // 16: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundResponse
+	(*Config)(nil),                       // 17: xray.app.proxyman.command.Config
+	(*protocol.User)(nil),                // 18: xray.common.protocol.User
+	(*core.InboundHandlerConfig)(nil),    // 19: xray.core.InboundHandlerConfig
+	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil),          // 20: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	(*core.OutboundHandlerConfig)(nil),   // 21: xray.core.OutboundHandlerConfig
 }
 var file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	22, // 0: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddUserOperation.user:type_name -> xray.common.protocol.User
-	23, // 1: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddInboundRequest.inbound:type_name -> xray.core.InboundHandlerConfig
-	24, // 2: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundRequest.operation:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	23, // 3: xray.app.proxyman.command.ListInboundsResponse.inbounds:type_name -> xray.core.InboundHandlerConfig
-	22, // 4: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserResponse.users:type_name -> xray.common.protocol.User
-	25, // 5: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundRequest.outbound:type_name -> xray.core.OutboundHandlerConfig
-	24, // 6: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundRequest.operation:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	25, // 7: xray.app.proxyman.command.ListOutboundsResponse.outbounds:type_name -> xray.core.OutboundHandlerConfig
-	2,  // 8: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddInbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddInboundRequest
-	4,  // 9: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveInbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveInboundRequest
-	6,  // 10: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterInbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundRequest
-	8,  // 11: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.ListInbounds:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.ListInboundsRequest
-	10, // 12: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsers:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserRequest
-	10, // 13: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsersCount:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserRequest
-	13, // 14: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddOutbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundRequest
-	15, // 15: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveOutbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundRequest
-	17, // 16: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterOutbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundRequest
-	19, // 17: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.ListOutbounds:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.ListOutboundsRequest
-	3,  // 18: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddInbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddInboundResponse
-	5,  // 19: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveInbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveInboundResponse
-	7,  // 20: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterInbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundResponse
-	9,  // 21: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.ListInbounds:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.ListInboundsResponse
-	11, // 22: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsers:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserResponse
-	12, // 23: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsersCount:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUsersCountResponse
-	14, // 24: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddOutbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundResponse
-	16, // 25: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveOutbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundResponse
-	18, // 26: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterOutbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundResponse
-	20, // 27: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.ListOutbounds:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.ListOutboundsResponse
-	18, // [18:28] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	8,  // [8:18] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	8,  // [8:8] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	8,  // [8:8] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:8] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	18, // 0: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddUserOperation.user:type_name -> xray.common.protocol.User
+	19, // 1: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddInboundRequest.inbound:type_name -> xray.core.InboundHandlerConfig
+	20, // 2: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundRequest.operation:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	18, // 3: xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserResponse.users:type_name -> xray.common.protocol.User
+	21, // 4: xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundRequest.outbound:type_name -> xray.core.OutboundHandlerConfig
+	20, // 5: xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundRequest.operation:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	2,  // 6: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddInbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddInboundRequest
+	4,  // 7: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveInbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveInboundRequest
+	6,  // 8: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterInbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundRequest
+	8,  // 9: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsers:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserRequest
+	8,  // 10: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsersCount:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserRequest
+	11, // 11: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddOutbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundRequest
+	13, // 12: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveOutbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundRequest
+	15, // 13: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterOutbound:input_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundRequest
+	3,  // 14: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddInbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddInboundResponse
+	5,  // 15: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveInbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveInboundResponse
+	7,  // 16: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterInbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterInboundResponse
+	9,  // 17: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsers:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUserResponse
+	10, // 18: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.GetInboundUsersCount:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.GetInboundUsersCountResponse
+	12, // 19: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AddOutbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AddOutboundResponse
+	14, // 20: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.RemoveOutbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.RemoveOutboundResponse
+	16, // 21: xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService.AlterOutbound:output_type -> xray.app.proxyman.command.AlterOutboundResponse
+	14, // [14:22] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	6,  // [6:14] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	6,  // [6:6] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	6,  // [6:6] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:6] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_init() }
@@ -1224,7 +1012,7 @@ func file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_proxyman_command_command_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   22,
+			NumMessages:   18,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   1,
 		},
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.proto
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.proto
@@ -37,14 +37,6 @@ message AlterInboundRequest {

 message AlterInboundResponse {}

-message ListInboundsRequest {
-  bool isOnlyTags = 1;
-}
-
-message ListInboundsResponse {
-  repeated core.InboundHandlerConfig inbounds = 1;
-}
-
 message GetInboundUserRequest {
  string tag = 1;
  string email = 2;
@@ -77,12 +69,6 @@ message AlterOutboundRequest {

 message AlterOutboundResponse {}

-message ListOutboundsRequest {}
-
-message ListOutboundsResponse {
-  repeated core.OutboundHandlerConfig outbounds = 1;
-}
-
 service HandlerService {
  rpc AddInbound(AddInboundRequest) returns (AddInboundResponse) {}

@@ -90,8 +76,6 @@ service HandlerService {

  rpc AlterInbound(AlterInboundRequest) returns (AlterInboundResponse) {}

-  rpc ListInbounds(ListInboundsRequest) returns (ListInboundsResponse) {}
-
  rpc GetInboundUsers(GetInboundUserRequest) returns (GetInboundUserResponse) {}

  rpc GetInboundUsersCount(GetInboundUserRequest) returns (GetInboundUsersCountResponse) {}
@@ -101,8 +85,6 @@ service HandlerService {
  rpc RemoveOutbound(RemoveOutboundRequest) returns (RemoveOutboundResponse) {}

  rpc AlterOutbound(AlterOutboundRequest) returns (AlterOutboundResponse) {}
-
-  rpc ListOutbounds(ListOutboundsRequest) returns (ListOutboundsResponse) {}
 }

 message Config {}
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -22,13 +22,11 @@ const (
 	HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName           = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddInbound"
 	HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveInbound"
 	HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName         = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterInbound"
-	HandlerService_ListInbounds_FullMethodName         = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/ListInbounds"
 	HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName      = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/GetInboundUsers"
 	HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/GetInboundUsersCount"
 	HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName          = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddOutbound"
 	HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName       = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveOutbound"
 	HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterOutbound"
-	HandlerService_ListOutbounds_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/ListOutbounds"
 )

 // HandlerServiceClient is the client API for HandlerService service.
@@ -38,13 +36,11 @@ type HandlerServiceClient interface {
 	AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddInboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error)
 	AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterInboundResponse, error)
-	ListInbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListInboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListInboundsResponse, error)
 	GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error)
 	GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error)
 	AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddOutboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error)
 	AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error)
-	ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListOutboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error)
 }

 type handlerServiceClient struct {
@@ -85,16 +81,6 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterInboun
 	return out, nil
 }

-func (c *handlerServiceClient) ListInbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListInboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListInboundsResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(ListInboundsResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_ListInbounds_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
 func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
 	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(GetInboundUserResponse)
@@ -145,16 +131,6 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutbo
 	return out, nil
 }

-func (c *handlerServiceClient) ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListOutboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(ListOutboundsResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_ListOutbounds_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
 // HandlerServiceServer is the server API for HandlerService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer
 // for forward compatibility.
@@ -162,13 +138,11 @@ type HandlerServiceServer interface {
 	AddInbound(context.Context, *AddInboundRequest) (*AddInboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveInbound(context.Context, *RemoveInboundRequest) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error)
 	AlterInbound(context.Context, *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error)
-	ListInbounds(context.Context, *ListInboundsRequest) (*ListInboundsResponse, error)
 	GetInboundUsers(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error)
 	GetInboundUsersCount(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error)
 	AddOutbound(context.Context, *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveOutbound(context.Context, *RemoveOutboundRequest) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error)
 	AlterOutbound(context.Context, *AlterOutboundRequest) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error)
-	ListOutbounds(context.Context, *ListOutboundsRequest) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer()
 }

@@ -188,9 +162,6 @@ func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) RemoveInbound(context.Context, *RemoveI
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AlterInbound(context.Context, *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AlterInbound not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) ListInbounds(context.Context, *ListInboundsRequest) (*ListInboundsResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListInbounds not implemented")
-}
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) GetInboundUsers(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetInboundUsers not implemented")
 }
@@ -206,9 +177,6 @@ func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) RemoveOutbound(context.Context, *Remove
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AlterOutbound(context.Context, *AlterOutboundRequest) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AlterOutbound not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) ListOutbounds(context.Context, *ListOutboundsRequest) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListOutbounds not implemented")
-}
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer() {}
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                        {}

@@ -284,24 +252,6 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }

-func _HandlerService_ListInbounds_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(ListInboundsRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListInbounds(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_ListInbounds_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListInbounds(ctx, req.(*ListInboundsRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
 func _HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
 	in := new(GetInboundUserRequest)
 	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
@@ -392,24 +342,6 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }

-func _HandlerService_ListOutbounds_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(ListOutboundsRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListOutbounds(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_ListOutbounds_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListOutbounds(ctx, req.(*ListOutboundsRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
 // HandlerService_ServiceDesc is the grpc.ServiceDesc for HandlerService service.
 // It's only intended for direct use with grpc.RegisterService,
 // and not to be introspected or modified (even as a copy)
@@ -429,10 +361,6 @@ var HandlerService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "AlterInbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler,
 		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "ListInbounds",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_ListInbounds_Handler,
-		},
 		{
 			MethodName: "GetInboundUsers",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_Handler,
@@ -453,10 +381,6 @@ var HandlerService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "AlterOutbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AlterOutbound_Handler,
 		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "ListOutbounds",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_ListOutbounds_Handler,
-		},
 	},
 	Streams:  []grpc.StreamDesc{},
 	Metadata: "app/proxyman/command/command.proto",
--- a/app/proxyman/config.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.go
@@ -1 +1,23 @@
 package proxyman
+
+func (s *AllocationStrategy) GetConcurrencyValue() uint32 {
+	if s == nil || s.Concurrency == nil {
+		return 3
+	}
+	return s.Concurrency.Value
+}
+
+func (s *AllocationStrategy) GetRefreshValue() uint32 {
+	if s == nil || s.Refresh == nil {
+		return 5
+	}
+	return s.Refresh.Value
+}
+
+func (c *ReceiverConfig) GetEffectiveSniffingSettings() *SniffingConfig {
+	if c.SniffingSettings != nil {
+		return c.SniffingSettings
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
--- a/app/proxyman/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.pb.go
@@ -23,6 +23,58 @@ const (
 	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 20)
 )

+type AllocationStrategy_Type int32
+
+const (
+	// Always allocate all connection handlers.
+	AllocationStrategy_Always AllocationStrategy_Type = 0
+	// Randomly allocate specific range of handlers.
+	AllocationStrategy_Random AllocationStrategy_Type = 1
+	// External. Not supported yet.
+	AllocationStrategy_External AllocationStrategy_Type = 2
+)
+
+// Enum value maps for AllocationStrategy_Type.
+var (
+	AllocationStrategy_Type_name = map[int32]string{
+		0: "Always",
+		1: "Random",
+		2: "External",
+	}
+	AllocationStrategy_Type_value = map[string]int32{
+		"Always":   0,
+		"Random":   1,
+		"External": 2,
+	}
+)
+
+func (x AllocationStrategy_Type) Enum() *AllocationStrategy_Type {
+	p := new(AllocationStrategy_Type)
+	*p = x
+	return p
+}
+
+func (x AllocationStrategy_Type) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.EnumStringOf(x.Descriptor(), protoreflect.EnumNumber(x))
+}
+
+func (AllocationStrategy_Type) Descriptor() protoreflect.EnumDescriptor {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[0].Descriptor()
+}
+
+func (AllocationStrategy_Type) Type() protoreflect.EnumType {
+	return &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[0]
+}
+
+func (x AllocationStrategy_Type) Number() protoreflect.EnumNumber {
+	return protoreflect.EnumNumber(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use AllocationStrategy_Type.Descriptor instead.
+func (AllocationStrategy_Type) EnumDescriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 0}
+}
+
 type InboundConfig struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -59,6 +111,71 @@ func (*InboundConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
 	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
 }

+type AllocationStrategy struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Type AllocationStrategy_Type `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=type,proto3,enum=xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Type" json:"type,omitempty"`
+	// Number of handlers (ports) running in parallel.
+	// Default value is 3 if unset.
+	Concurrency *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=concurrency,proto3" json:"concurrency,omitempty"`
+	// Number of minutes before a handler is regenerated.
+	// Default value is 5 if unset.
+	Refresh *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=refresh,proto3" json:"refresh,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy) Reset() {
+	*x = AllocationStrategy{}
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*AllocationStrategy) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	if x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use AllocationStrategy.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*AllocationStrategy) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy) GetType() AllocationStrategy_Type {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Type
+	}
+	return AllocationStrategy_Always
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy) GetConcurrency() *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Concurrency
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy) GetRefresh() *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Refresh
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 type SniffingConfig struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -79,7 +196,7 @@ type SniffingConfig struct {

 func (x *SniffingConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = SniffingConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -91,7 +208,7 @@ func (x *SniffingConfig) String() string {
 func (*SniffingConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SniffingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -104,7 +221,7 @@ func (x *SniffingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use SniffingConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*SniffingConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
 }

 func (x *SniffingConfig) GetEnabled() bool {
@@ -151,14 +268,15 @@ type ReceiverConfig struct {
 	PortList *net.PortList `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=port_list,json=portList,proto3" json:"port_list,omitempty"`
 	// Listen specifies the IP address that the Receiver should listen on.
 	Listen                     *net.IPOrDomain        `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=listen,proto3" json:"listen,omitempty"`
-	StreamSettings             *internet.StreamConfig `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=stream_settings,json=streamSettings,proto3" json:"stream_settings,omitempty"`
-	ReceiveOriginalDestination bool                   `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=receive_original_destination,json=receiveOriginalDestination,proto3" json:"receive_original_destination,omitempty"`
-	SniffingSettings           *SniffingConfig        `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=sniffing_settings,json=sniffingSettings,proto3" json:"sniffing_settings,omitempty"`
+	AllocationStrategy         *AllocationStrategy    `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=allocation_strategy,json=allocationStrategy,proto3" json:"allocation_strategy,omitempty"`
+	StreamSettings             *internet.StreamConfig `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=stream_settings,json=streamSettings,proto3" json:"stream_settings,omitempty"`
+	ReceiveOriginalDestination bool                   `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=receive_original_destination,json=receiveOriginalDestination,proto3" json:"receive_original_destination,omitempty"`
+	SniffingSettings           *SniffingConfig        `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=sniffing_settings,json=sniffingSettings,proto3" json:"sniffing_settings,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *ReceiverConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = ReceiverConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -170,7 +288,7 @@ func (x *ReceiverConfig) String() string {
 func (*ReceiverConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ReceiverConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -183,7 +301,7 @@ func (x *ReceiverConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use ReceiverConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*ReceiverConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
 }

 func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetPortList() *net.PortList {
@@ -200,6 +318,13 @@ func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetListen() *net.IPOrDomain {
 	return nil
 }

+func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetAllocationStrategy() *AllocationStrategy {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.AllocationStrategy
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetStreamSettings() *internet.StreamConfig {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.StreamSettings
@@ -233,7 +358,7 @@ type InboundHandlerConfig struct {

 func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = InboundHandlerConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -245,7 +370,7 @@ func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) String() string {
 func (*InboundHandlerConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -258,7 +383,7 @@ func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use InboundHandlerConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*InboundHandlerConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
 }

 func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) GetTag() string {
@@ -290,7 +415,7 @@ type OutboundConfig struct {

 func (x *OutboundConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = OutboundConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -302,7 +427,7 @@ func (x *OutboundConfig) String() string {
 func (*OutboundConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OutboundConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -315,7 +440,7 @@ func (x *OutboundConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use OutboundConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*OutboundConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{5}
 }

 type SenderConfig struct {
@@ -324,17 +449,16 @@ type SenderConfig struct {
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

 	// Send traffic through the given IP. Only IP is allowed.
-	Via               *net.IPOrDomain         `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=via,proto3" json:"via,omitempty"`
-	StreamSettings    *internet.StreamConfig  `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=stream_settings,json=streamSettings,proto3" json:"stream_settings,omitempty"`
-	ProxySettings     *internet.ProxyConfig   `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=proxy_settings,json=proxySettings,proto3" json:"proxy_settings,omitempty"`
-	MultiplexSettings *MultiplexingConfig     `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=multiplex_settings,json=multiplexSettings,proto3" json:"multiplex_settings,omitempty"`
-	ViaCidr           string                  `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=via_cidr,json=viaCidr,proto3" json:"via_cidr,omitempty"`
-	TargetStrategy    internet.DomainStrategy `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=target_strategy,json=targetStrategy,proto3,enum=xray.transport.internet.DomainStrategy" json:"target_strategy,omitempty"`
+	Via               *net.IPOrDomain        `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=via,proto3" json:"via,omitempty"`
+	StreamSettings    *internet.StreamConfig `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=stream_settings,json=streamSettings,proto3" json:"stream_settings,omitempty"`
+	ProxySettings     *internet.ProxyConfig  `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=proxy_settings,json=proxySettings,proto3" json:"proxy_settings,omitempty"`
+	MultiplexSettings *MultiplexingConfig    `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=multiplex_settings,json=multiplexSettings,proto3" json:"multiplex_settings,omitempty"`
+	ViaCidr           string                 `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=via_cidr,json=viaCidr,proto3" json:"via_cidr,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *SenderConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = SenderConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -346,7 +470,7 @@ func (x *SenderConfig) String() string {
 func (*SenderConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SenderConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -359,7 +483,7 @@ func (x *SenderConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use SenderConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*SenderConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{5}
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{6}
 }

 func (x *SenderConfig) GetVia() *net.IPOrDomain {
@@ -397,13 +521,6 @@ func (x *SenderConfig) GetViaCidr() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *SenderConfig) GetTargetStrategy() internet.DomainStrategy {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.TargetStrategy
-	}
-	return internet.DomainStrategy(0)
-}
-
 type MultiplexingConfig struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -421,7 +538,7 @@ type MultiplexingConfig struct {

 func (x *MultiplexingConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = MultiplexingConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -433,7 +550,7 @@ func (x *MultiplexingConfig) String() string {
 func (*MultiplexingConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *MultiplexingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -446,7 +563,7 @@ func (x *MultiplexingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use MultiplexingConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*MultiplexingConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{6}
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
 }

 func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetEnabled() bool {
@@ -477,6 +594,96 @@ func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetXudpProxyUDP443() string {
 	return ""
 }

+type AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Value uint32 `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) Reset() {
+	*x = AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency{}
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[8]
+	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[8]
+	if x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 0}
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) GetValue() uint32 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Value
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+type AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Value uint32 `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) Reset() {
+	*x = AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh{}
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	if x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 1}
+}
+
+func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) GetValue() uint32 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Value
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
 var File_app_proxyman_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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+	0x76, 0x69, 0x61, 0x5f, 0x63, 0x69, 0x64, 0x72, 0x18, 0x05, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x07,
+	0x76, 0x69, 0x61, 0x43, 0x69, 0x64, 0x72, 0x22, 0xa4, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x12, 0x4d, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x74,
+	0x69, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x78, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x18,
+	0x0a, 0x07, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x64, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52,
+	0x07, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x64, 0x12, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x63,
+	0x75, 0x72, 0x72, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x79, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x05, 0x52, 0x0b, 0x63,
+	0x6f, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x75, 0x72, 0x72, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x79, 0x12, 0x28, 0x0a, 0x0f, 0x78, 0x75,
+	0x64, 0x70, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x75, 0x72, 0x72, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x79, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x05, 0x52, 0x0f, 0x78, 0x75, 0x64, 0x70, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x75, 0x72, 0x72,
+	0x65, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x79, 0x12, 0x28, 0x0a, 0x0f, 0x78, 0x75, 0x64, 0x70, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78,
+	0x79, 0x55, 0x44, 0x50, 0x34, 0x34, 0x33, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0f, 0x78,
+	0x75, 0x64, 0x70, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x55, 0x44, 0x50, 0x34, 0x34, 0x33, 0x42, 0x55,
+	0x0a, 0x15, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70,
+	0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x26, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75,
+	0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d,
+	0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61,
+	0x6e, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x11, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f,
+	0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -597,39 +831,46 @@ func file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescData
 }

-var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 7)
+var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 1)
+var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 10)
 var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*InboundConfig)(nil),         // 0: xray.app.proxyman.InboundConfig
-	(*SniffingConfig)(nil),        // 1: xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
-	(*ReceiverConfig)(nil),        // 2: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig
-	(*InboundHandlerConfig)(nil),  // 3: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig
-	(*OutboundConfig)(nil),        // 4: xray.app.proxyman.OutboundConfig
-	(*SenderConfig)(nil),          // 5: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig
-	(*MultiplexingConfig)(nil),    // 6: xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
-	(*net.PortList)(nil),          // 7: xray.common.net.PortList
-	(*net.IPOrDomain)(nil),        // 8: xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
-	(*internet.StreamConfig)(nil), // 9: xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
-	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil),   // 10: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	(*internet.ProxyConfig)(nil),  // 11: xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
-	(internet.DomainStrategy)(0),  // 12: xray.transport.internet.DomainStrategy
+	(AllocationStrategy_Type)(0),                             // 0: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.Type
+	(*InboundConfig)(nil),                                    // 1: xray.app.proxyman.InboundConfig
+	(*AllocationStrategy)(nil),                               // 2: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy
+	(*SniffingConfig)(nil),                                   // 3: xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
+	(*ReceiverConfig)(nil),                                   // 4: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig
+	(*InboundHandlerConfig)(nil),                             // 5: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig
+	(*OutboundConfig)(nil),                                   // 6: xray.app.proxyman.OutboundConfig
+	(*SenderConfig)(nil),                                     // 7: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig
+	(*MultiplexingConfig)(nil),                               // 8: xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
+	(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency)(nil), // 9: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyConcurrency
+	(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh)(nil),     // 10: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyRefresh
+	(*net.PortList)(nil),                                     // 11: xray.common.net.PortList
+	(*net.IPOrDomain)(nil),                                   // 12: xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	(*internet.StreamConfig)(nil),                            // 13: xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
+	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil),                              // 14: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	(*internet.ProxyConfig)(nil),                             // 15: xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
 }
 var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	7,  // 0: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.port_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
-	8,  // 1: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.listen:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
-	9,  // 2: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
-	1,  // 3: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.sniffing_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
-	10, // 4: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.receiver_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	10, // 5: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	8,  // 6: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.via:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
-	9,  // 7: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
-	11, // 8: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
-	6,  // 9: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.multiplex_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
-	12, // 10: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.target_strategy:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.DomainStrategy
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:11] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	0,  // 0: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.type:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.Type
+	9,  // 1: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.concurrency:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyConcurrency
+	10, // 2: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.refresh:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyRefresh
+	11, // 3: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.port_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
+	12, // 4: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.listen:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	2,  // 5: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.allocation_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy
+	13, // 6: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
+	3,  // 7: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.sniffing_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
+	14, // 8: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.receiver_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	14, // 9: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	12, // 10: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.via:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	13, // 11: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
+	15, // 12: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
+	8,  // 13: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.multiplex_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
+	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:14] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_proxyman_config_proto_init() }
@@ -642,13 +883,14 @@ func file_app_proxyman_config_proto_init() {
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc,
-			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   7,
+			NumEnums:      1,
+			NumMessages:   10,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},
 		GoTypes:           file_app_proxyman_config_proto_goTypes,
 		DependencyIndexes: file_app_proxyman_config_proto_depIdxs,
+		EnumInfos:         file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes,
 		MessageInfos:      file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes,
 	}.Build()
 	File_app_proxyman_config_proto = out.File
--- a/app/proxyman/config.proto
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.proto
@@ -13,6 +13,33 @@ import "common/serial/typed_message.proto";

 message InboundConfig {}

+message AllocationStrategy {
+  enum Type {
+    // Always allocate all connection handlers.
+    Always = 0;
+
+    // Randomly allocate specific range of handlers.
+    Random = 1;
+
+    // External. Not supported yet.
+    External = 2;
+  }
+
+  Type type = 1;
+
+  message AllocationStrategyConcurrency { uint32 value = 1; }
+
+  // Number of handlers (ports) running in parallel.
+  // Default value is 3 if unset.
+  AllocationStrategyConcurrency concurrency = 2;
+
+  message AllocationStrategyRefresh { uint32 value = 1; }
+
+  // Number of minutes before a handler is regenerated.
+  // Default value is 5 if unset.
+  AllocationStrategyRefresh refresh = 3;
+}
+
 message SniffingConfig {
  // Whether or not to enable content sniffing on an inbound connection.
  bool enabled = 1;
@@ -35,10 +62,11 @@ message ReceiverConfig {
  xray.common.net.PortList port_list = 1;
  // Listen specifies the IP address that the Receiver should listen on.
  xray.common.net.IPOrDomain listen = 2;
-  xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig stream_settings = 3;
-  bool receive_original_destination = 4;
-  reserved 5;
-  SniffingConfig sniffing_settings = 6;
+  AllocationStrategy allocation_strategy = 3;
+  xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig stream_settings = 4;
+  bool receive_original_destination = 5;
+  reserved 6;
+  SniffingConfig sniffing_settings = 7;
 }

 message InboundHandlerConfig {
@@ -56,7 +84,6 @@ message SenderConfig {
  xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig proxy_settings = 3;
  MultiplexingConfig multiplex_settings = 4;
  string via_cidr = 5;
-  xray.transport.internet.DomainStrategy target_strategy = 6;
 }

 message MultiplexingConfig {
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/always.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/always.go
@@ -5,16 +5,15 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/policy"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/stats"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/proxy"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

 func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter) {
@@ -43,12 +42,10 @@ func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter)
 }

 type AlwaysOnInboundHandler struct {
-	proxyConfig    interface{}
-	receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig
-	proxy          proxy.Inbound
-	workers        []worker
-	mux            *mux.Server
-	tag            string
+	proxy   proxy.Inbound
+	workers []worker
+	mux     *mux.Server
+	tag     string
 }

 func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig, proxyConfig interface{}) (*AlwaysOnInboundHandler, error) {
@@ -62,11 +59,9 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 	}

 	h := &AlwaysOnInboundHandler{
-		receiverConfig: receiverConfig,
-		proxyConfig:    proxyConfig,
-		proxy:          p,
-		mux:            mux.NewServer(ctx),
-		tag:            tag,
+		proxy: p,
+		mux:   mux.NewServer(ctx),
+		tag:   tag,
 	}

 	uplinkCounter, downlinkCounter := getStatCounter(core.MustFromContext(ctx), tag)
@@ -102,7 +97,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 				stream:          mss,
 				tag:             tag,
 				dispatcher:      h.mux,
-				sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.SniffingSettings,
+				sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
 				uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
 				downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
 				ctx:             ctx,
@@ -124,7 +119,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 						recvOrigDest:    receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination,
 						tag:             tag,
 						dispatcher:      h.mux,
-						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.SniffingSettings,
+						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
 						uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
 						downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
 						ctx:             ctx,
@@ -139,7 +134,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 						address:         address,
 						port:            net.Port(port),
 						dispatcher:      h.mux,
-						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.SniffingSettings,
+						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
 						uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
 						downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
 						stream:          mss,
@@ -177,6 +172,14 @@ func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }

+func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) GetRandomInboundProxy() (interface{}, net.Port, int) {
+	if len(h.workers) == 0 {
+		return nil, 0, 0
+	}
+	w := h.workers[dice.Roll(len(h.workers))]
+	return w.Proxy(), w.Port(), 9999
+}
+
 func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Tag() string {
 	return h.tag
 }
@@ -184,16 +187,3 @@ func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Tag() string {
 func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) GetInbound() proxy.Inbound {
 	return h.proxy
 }
-
-// ReceiverSettings implements inbound.Handler.
-func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) ReceiverSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return serial.ToTypedMessage(h.receiverConfig)
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements inbound.Handler.
-func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	if v, ok := h.proxyConfig.(proto.Message); ok {
-		return serial.ToTypedMessage(v)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/dynamic.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/dynamic.go
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+package inbound
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/proxy"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
+)
+
+type DynamicInboundHandler struct {
+	tag            string
+	v              *core.Instance
+	proxyConfig    interface{}
+	receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig
+	streamSettings *internet.MemoryStreamConfig
+	portMutex      sync.Mutex
+	portsInUse     map[net.Port]bool
+	workerMutex    sync.RWMutex
+	worker         []worker
+	lastRefresh    time.Time
+	mux            *mux.Server
+	task           *task.Periodic
+
+	ctx context.Context
+}
+
+func NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig, proxyConfig interface{}) (*DynamicInboundHandler, error) {
+	v := core.MustFromContext(ctx)
+	h := &DynamicInboundHandler{
+		tag:            tag,
+		proxyConfig:    proxyConfig,
+		receiverConfig: receiverConfig,
+		portsInUse:     make(map[net.Port]bool),
+		mux:            mux.NewServer(ctx),
+		v:              v,
+		ctx:            ctx,
+	}
+
+	mss, err := internet.ToMemoryStreamConfig(receiverConfig.StreamSettings)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse stream settings").Base(err).AtWarning()
+	}
+	if receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination {
+		if mss.SocketSettings == nil {
+			mss.SocketSettings = &internet.SocketConfig{}
+		}
+		if mss.SocketSettings.Tproxy == internet.SocketConfig_Off {
+			mss.SocketSettings.Tproxy = internet.SocketConfig_Redirect
+		}
+		mss.SocketSettings.ReceiveOriginalDestAddress = true
+	}
+
+	h.streamSettings = mss
+
+	h.task = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute * time.Duration(h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetRefreshValue()),
+		Execute:  h.refresh,
+	}
+
+	return h, nil
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) allocatePort() net.Port {
+	allPorts := []int32{}
+	for _, pr := range h.receiverConfig.PortList.Range {
+		for i := pr.From; i <= pr.To; i++ {
+			allPorts = append(allPorts, int32(i))
+		}
+	}
+	h.portMutex.Lock()
+	defer h.portMutex.Unlock()
+
+	for {
+		r := dice.Roll(len(allPorts))
+		port := net.Port(allPorts[r])
+		_, used := h.portsInUse[port]
+		if !used {
+			h.portsInUse[port] = true
+			return port
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) closeWorkers(workers []worker) {
+	ports2Del := make([]net.Port, len(workers))
+	for idx, worker := range workers {
+		ports2Del[idx] = worker.Port()
+		if err := worker.Close(); err != nil {
+			errors.LogInfoInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to close worker")
+		}
+	}
+
+	h.portMutex.Lock()
+	for _, port := range ports2Del {
+		delete(h.portsInUse, port)
+	}
+	h.portMutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) refresh() error {
+	h.lastRefresh = time.Now()
+
+	timeout := time.Minute * time.Duration(h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetRefreshValue()) * 2
+	concurrency := h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetConcurrencyValue()
+	workers := make([]worker, 0, concurrency)
+
+	address := h.receiverConfig.Listen.AsAddress()
+	if address == nil {
+		address = net.AnyIP
+	}
+
+	uplinkCounter, downlinkCounter := getStatCounter(h.v, h.tag)
+
+	for i := uint32(0); i < concurrency; i++ {
+		port := h.allocatePort()
+		rawProxy, err := core.CreateObject(h.v, h.proxyConfig)
+		if err != nil {
+			errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create proxy instance")
+			continue
+		}
+		p := rawProxy.(proxy.Inbound)
+		nl := p.Network()
+		if net.HasNetwork(nl, net.Network_TCP) {
+			worker := &tcpWorker{
+				tag:             h.tag,
+				address:         address,
+				port:            port,
+				proxy:           p,
+				stream:          h.streamSettings,
+				recvOrigDest:    h.receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination,
+				dispatcher:      h.mux,
+				sniffingConfig:  h.receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
+				uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
+				downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
+				ctx:             h.ctx,
+			}
+			if err := worker.Start(); err != nil {
+				errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create TCP worker")
+				continue
+			}
+			workers = append(workers, worker)
+		}
+
+		if net.HasNetwork(nl, net.Network_UDP) {
+			worker := &udpWorker{
+				tag:             h.tag,
+				proxy:           p,
+				address:         address,
+				port:            port,
+				dispatcher:      h.mux,
+				sniffingConfig:  h.receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
+				uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
+				downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
+				stream:          h.streamSettings,
+				ctx:             h.ctx,
+			}
+			if err := worker.Start(); err != nil {
+				errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create UDP worker")
+				continue
+			}
+			workers = append(workers, worker)
+		}
+	}
+
+	h.workerMutex.Lock()
+	h.worker = workers
+	h.workerMutex.Unlock()
+
+	time.AfterFunc(timeout, func() {
+		h.closeWorkers(workers)
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) Start() error {
+	return h.task.Start()
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) Close() error {
+	return h.task.Close()
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) GetRandomInboundProxy() (interface{}, net.Port, int) {
+	h.workerMutex.RLock()
+	defer h.workerMutex.RUnlock()
+
+	if len(h.worker) == 0 {
+		return nil, 0, 0
+	}
+	w := h.worker[dice.Roll(len(h.worker))]
+	expire := h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetRefreshValue() - uint32(time.Since(h.lastRefresh)/time.Minute)
+	return w.Proxy(), w.Port(), int(expire)
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) Tag() string {
+	return h.tag
+}
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/inbound.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/inbound.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 // Manager manages all inbound handlers.
 type Manager struct {
 	access          sync.RWMutex
-	untaggedHandlers []inbound.Handler
+	untaggedHandler []inbound.Handler
 	taggedHandlers  map[string]inbound.Handler
 	running         bool
 }
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AddHandler(ctx context.Context, handler inbound.Handler) error
 		}
 		m.taggedHandlers[tag] = handler
 	} else {
-		m.untaggedHandlers = append(m.untaggedHandlers, handler)
+		m.untaggedHandler = append(m.untaggedHandler, handler)
 	}

 	if m.running {
@@ -89,21 +88,6 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {
 	return common.ErrNoClue
 }

-// ListHandlers implements inbound.Manager.
-func (m *Manager) ListHandlers(ctx context.Context) []inbound.Handler {
-	m.access.RLock()
-	defer m.access.RUnlock()
-
-	response := make([]inbound.Handler, len(m.untaggedHandlers))
-	copy(response, m.untaggedHandlers)
-
-	for _, v := range m.taggedHandlers {
-		response = append(response, v)
-	}
-
-	return response
-}
-
 // Start implements common.Runnable.
 func (m *Manager) Start() error {
 	m.access.Lock()
@@ -117,7 +101,7 @@ func (m *Manager) Start() error {
 		}
 	}

-	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandlers {
+	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandler {
 		if err := handler.Start(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -138,7 +122,7 @@ func (m *Manager) Close() error {
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
 	}
-	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandlers {
+	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandler {
 		if err := handler.Close(); err != nil {
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
@@ -174,11 +158,16 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.InboundHandlerConfig) (inbound
 			Mark: streamSettings.SocketSettings.Mark,
 		})
 	}
-	if streamSettings != nil && streamSettings.ProtocolName == "splithttp" {
-		ctx = session.ContextWithAllowedNetwork(ctx, net.Network_UDP)
+
+	allocStrategy := receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy
+	if allocStrategy == nil || allocStrategy.Type == proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Always {
+		return NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
 	}

-	return NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
+	if allocStrategy.Type == proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Random {
+		return NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
+	}
+	return nil, errors.New("unknown allocation strategy: ", receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy.Type).AtError()
 }

 func init() {
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/worker.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/worker.go
@@ -76,25 +76,7 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 		case internet.SocketConfig_TProxy:
 			dest = net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr())
 		}
-
 		if dest.IsValid() {
-			// Check if try to connect to this inbound itself (can cause loopback)
-			var isLoopBack bool
-			if w.address == net.AnyIP || w.address == net.AnyIPv6 {
-				if dest.Port.Value() == w.port.Value() && IsLocal(dest.Address.IP()) {
-					isLoopBack = true
-				}
-			} else {
-				if w.hub.Addr().String() == dest.NetAddr() {
-					isLoopBack = true
-				}
-			}
-			if isLoopBack {
-				cancel()
-				conn.Close()
-				errors.LogError(ctx, errors.New("loopback connection detected"))
-				return
-			}
 			outbounds[0].Target = dest
 		}
 	}
@@ -109,7 +91,6 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	}
 	ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
 		Source:  net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.RemoteAddr()),
-		Local:   net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr()),
 		Gateway: net.TCPDestination(w.address, w.port),
 		Tag:     w.tag,
 		Conn:    conn,
@@ -180,7 +161,6 @@ type udpConn struct {
 	uplink           stats.Counter
 	downlink         stats.Counter
 	inactive         bool
-	cancel           context.CancelFunc
 }

 func (c *udpConn) setInactive() {
@@ -223,9 +203,6 @@ func (c *udpConn) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
 }

 func (c *udpConn) Close() error {
-	if c.cancel != nil {
-		c.cancel()
-	}
 	common.Must(c.done.Close())
 	common.Must(common.Close(c.writer))
 	return nil
@@ -282,7 +259,6 @@ func (w *udpWorker) getConnection(id connID) (*udpConn, bool) {
 	defer w.Unlock()

 	if conn, found := w.activeConn[id]; found && !conn.done.Done() {
-		conn.updateActivity()
 		return conn, true
 	}

@@ -330,8 +306,7 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 		common.Must(w.checker.Start())

 		go func() {
-			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(w.ctx)
-			conn.cancel = cancel
+			ctx := w.ctx
 			sid := session.NewID()
 			ctx = c.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)

@@ -340,18 +315,8 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 				outbounds[0].Target = originalDest
 			}
 			ctx = session.ContextWithOutbounds(ctx, outbounds)
-			local := net.DestinationFromAddr(w.hub.Addr())
-			if local.Address == net.AnyIP || local.Address == net.AnyIPv6 {
-				if source.Address.Family().IsIPv4() {
-					local.Address = net.AnyIP
-				} else if source.Address.Family().IsIPv6() {
-					local.Address = net.AnyIPv6
-				}
-			}
-
 			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
 				Source:  source,
-				Local:   local, // Due to some limitations, in UDP connections, localIP is always equal to listen interface IP
 				Gateway: net.UDPDestination(w.address, w.port),
 				Tag:     w.tag,
 			})
@@ -359,7 +324,6 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 			if w.sniffingConfig != nil {
 				content.SniffingRequest.Enabled = w.sniffingConfig.Enabled
 				content.SniffingRequest.OverrideDestinationForProtocol = w.sniffingConfig.DestinationOverride
-				content.SniffingRequest.ExcludeForDomain = w.sniffingConfig.DomainsExcluded
 				content.SniffingRequest.MetadataOnly = w.sniffingConfig.MetadataOnly
 				content.SniffingRequest.RouteOnly = w.sniffingConfig.RouteOnly
 			}
@@ -500,8 +464,8 @@ func (w *dsWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 		}
 	}
 	ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
-		Source:  net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.RemoteAddr()),
-		Local:   net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr()),
+		// Unix have no source addr, so we use gateway as source for log.
+		Source:  net.UnixDestination(w.address),
 		Gateway: net.UnixDestination(w.address),
 		Tag:     w.tag,
 		Conn:    conn,
@@ -562,18 +526,3 @@ func (w *dsWorker) Close() error {

 	return nil
 }
-
-func IsLocal(ip net.IP) bool {
-	addrs, err := net.InterfaceAddrs()
-	if err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, addr := range addrs {
-		if ipnet, ok := addr.(*net.IPNet); ok {
-			if ipnet.IP.Equal(ip) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
--- a/app/proxyman/outbound/handler.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/outbound/handler.go
@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ import (
 	goerrors "errors"
 	"io"
 	"math/big"
+	gonet "net"
 	"os"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
-
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
@@ -29,7 +27,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/stat"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tls"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/pipe"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

 func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter) {
@@ -62,7 +59,6 @@ type Handler struct {
 	tag             string
 	senderSettings  *proxyman.SenderConfig
 	streamSettings  *internet.MemoryStreamConfig
-	proxyConfig     proto.Message
 	proxy           proxy.Outbound
 	outboundManager outbound.Manager
 	mux             *mux.ClientManager
@@ -105,9 +101,6 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.OutboundHandlerConfig) (outbou
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	h.proxyConfig = proxyConfig
-
-	ctx = session.ContextWithFullHandler(ctx, h)

 	rawProxyHandler, err := common.CreateObject(ctx, proxyConfig)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -180,29 +173,6 @@ func (h *Handler) Tag() string {
 func (h *Handler) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
 	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-	content := session.ContentFromContext(ctx)
-	if h.senderSettings != nil && h.senderSettings.TargetStrategy.HasStrategy() && ob.Target.Address.Family().IsDomain() && (content == nil || !content.SkipDNSResolve) {
-		strategy := h.senderSettings.TargetStrategy
-		if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != nil {
-			strategy = strategy.GetDynamicStrategy(ob.OriginalTarget.Address.Family())
-		}
-		ips, err := internet.LookupForIP(ob.Target.Address.Domain(), strategy, nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "failed to resolve ip for target ", ob.Target.Address.Domain())
-			if h.senderSettings.TargetStrategy.ForceIP() {
-				err := errors.New("failed to resolve ip for target ", ob.Target.Address.Domain()).Base(err)
-				session.SubmitOutboundErrorToOriginator(ctx, err)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
-				return
-			}
-
-		} else {
-			unchangedDomain := ob.Target.Address.Domain()
-			ob.Target.Address = net.IPAddress(ips[dice.Roll(len(ips))])
-			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "target: ", unchangedDomain, " resolved to: ", ob.Target.Address.String())
-		}
-	}
 	if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != nil && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != ob.Target.Address {
 		link.Reader = &buf.EndpointOverrideReader{Reader: link.Reader, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
 		link.Writer = &buf.EndpointOverrideWriter{Writer: link.Writer, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
@@ -214,7 +184,6 @@ func (h *Handler) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 				session.SubmitOutboundErrorToOriginator(ctx, err)
 				errors.LogInfo(ctx, err.Error())
 				common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 			}
 		}
 		if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.Target.Port == 443 {
@@ -240,10 +209,8 @@ func (h *Handler) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 	}
 out:
 	err := h.proxy.Process(ctx, link, h)
-	var errC error
 	if err != nil {
-		errC = errors.Cause(err)
-		if goerrors.Is(errC, io.EOF) || goerrors.Is(errC, io.ErrClosedPipe) || goerrors.Is(errC, context.Canceled) {
+		if goerrors.Is(err, io.EOF) || goerrors.Is(err, io.ErrClosedPipe) || goerrors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 			err = nil
 		}
 	}
@@ -254,15 +221,19 @@ out:
 		errors.LogInfo(ctx, err.Error())
 		common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
 	} else {
-		if errC != nil && goerrors.Is(errC, io.ErrClosedPipe) {
-			common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-		} else {
-			common.Close(link.Writer)
-		}
+		common.Close(link.Writer)
 	}
 	common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 }

+// Address implements internet.Dialer.
+func (h *Handler) Address() net.Address {
+	if h.senderSettings == nil || h.senderSettings.Via == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress()
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) DestIpAddress() net.IP {
 	return internet.DestIpAddress()
 }
@@ -270,9 +241,7 @@ func (h *Handler) DestIpAddress() net.IP {
 // Dial implements internet.Dialer.
 func (h *Handler) Dial(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (stat.Connection, error) {
 	if h.senderSettings != nil {
-
 		if h.senderSettings.ProxySettings.HasTag() {
-
 			tag := h.senderSettings.ProxySettings.Tag
 			handler := h.outboundManager.GetHandler(tag)
 			if handler != nil {
@@ -297,16 +266,18 @@ func (h *Handler) Dial(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (stat.Connecti
 				return h.getStatCouterConnection(conn), nil
 			}

-			errors.LogError(ctx, "failed to get outbound handler with tag: ", tag)
-			return nil, errors.New("failed to get outbound handler with tag: " + tag)
+			errors.LogWarning(ctx, "failed to get outbound handler with tag: ", tag)
 		}

 		if h.senderSettings.Via != nil {
 			outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
 			ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-			h.SetOutboundGateway(ctx, ob)
+			if h.senderSettings.ViaCidr == "" {
+				ob.Gateway = h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress()
+			} else { //Get a random address.
+				ob.Gateway = ParseRandomIPv6(h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress(), h.senderSettings.ViaCidr)
+			}
 		}
-
 	}

 	if conn, err := h.getUoTConnection(ctx, dest); err != os.ErrInvalid {
@@ -316,47 +287,11 @@ func (h *Handler) Dial(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (stat.Connecti
 	conn, err := internet.Dial(ctx, dest, h.streamSettings)
 	conn = h.getStatCouterConnection(conn)
 	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
-	if outbounds != nil {
-		ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-		ob.Conn = conn
-	} else {
-		// for Vision's pre-connect
-	}
+	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
+	ob.Conn = conn
 	return conn, err
 }

-func (h *Handler) SetOutboundGateway(ctx context.Context, ob *session.Outbound) {
-	if ob.Gateway == nil && h.senderSettings != nil && h.senderSettings.Via != nil && !h.senderSettings.ProxySettings.HasTag() && (h.streamSettings.SocketSettings == nil || len(h.streamSettings.SocketSettings.DialerProxy) == 0) {
-		var domain string
-		addr := h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress()
-		domain = h.senderSettings.Via.GetDomain()
-		switch {
-		case h.senderSettings.ViaCidr != "":
-			ob.Gateway = ParseRandomIP(addr, h.senderSettings.ViaCidr)
-
-		case domain == "origin":
-			if inbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx); inbound != nil {
-				if inbound.Local.IsValid() && inbound.Local.Address.Family().IsIP() {
-					ob.Gateway = inbound.Local.Address
-					errors.LogDebug(ctx, "use inbound local ip as sendthrough: ", inbound.Local.Address.String())
-				}
-			}
-		case domain == "srcip":
-			if inbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx); inbound != nil {
-				if inbound.Source.IsValid() && inbound.Source.Address.Family().IsIP() {
-					ob.Gateway = inbound.Source.Address
-					errors.LogDebug(ctx, "use inbound source ip as sendthrough: ", inbound.Source.Address.String())
-				}
-			}
-		//case addr.Family().IsDomain():
-		default:
-			ob.Gateway = addr
-
-		}
-
-	}
-}
-
 func (h *Handler) getStatCouterConnection(conn stat.Connection) stat.Connection {
 	if h.uplinkCounter != nil || h.downlinkCounter != nil {
 		return &stat.CounterConnection{
@@ -381,35 +316,23 @@ func (h *Handler) Start() error {
 // Close implements common.Closable.
 func (h *Handler) Close() error {
 	common.Close(h.mux)
-	common.Close(h.proxy)
 	return nil
 }

-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (h *Handler) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return serial.ToTypedMessage(h.senderSettings)
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (h *Handler) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return serial.ToTypedMessage(h.proxyConfig)
-}
-
-func ParseRandomIP(addr net.Address, prefix string) net.Address {
-
-	_, ipnet, _ := net.ParseCIDR(addr.IP().String() + "/" + prefix)
-
-	ones, bits := ipnet.Mask.Size()
-	subnetSize := new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), uint(bits-ones))
-
-	rnd, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, subnetSize)
-
-	startInt := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ipnet.IP)
-	rndInt := new(big.Int).Add(startInt, rnd)
-
-	rndBytes := rndInt.Bytes()
-	padded := make([]byte, len(ipnet.IP))
-	copy(padded[len(padded)-len(rndBytes):], rndBytes)
-
-	return net.ParseAddress(net.IP(padded).String())
+func ParseRandomIPv6(address net.Address, prefix string) net.Address {
+	_, network, _ := gonet.ParseCIDR(address.IP().String() + "/" + prefix)
+
+	maskSize, totalBits := network.Mask.Size()
+	subnetSize := big.NewInt(1).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), uint(totalBits-maskSize))
+
+	// random
+	randomBigInt, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, subnetSize)
+
+	startIPBigInt := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(network.IP.To16())
+	randomIPBigInt := big.NewInt(0).Add(startIPBigInt, randomBigInt)
+
+	randomIPBytes := randomIPBigInt.Bytes()
+	randomIPBytes = append(make([]byte, 16-len(randomIPBytes)), randomIPBytes...)
+
+	return net.ParseAddress(gonet.IP(randomIPBytes).String())
 }
--- a/app/proxyman/outbound/outbound.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/outbound/outbound.go
@@ -145,21 +145,6 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// ListHandlers implements outbound.Manager.
-func (m *Manager) ListHandlers(ctx context.Context) []outbound.Handler {
-	m.access.RLock()
-	defer m.access.RUnlock()
-
-	response := make([]outbound.Handler, len(m.untaggedHandlers))
-	copy(response, m.untaggedHandlers)
-
-	for _, v := range m.taggedHandler {
-		response = append(response, v)
-	}
-
-	return response
-}
-
 // Select implements outbound.HandlerSelector.
 func (m *Manager) Select(selectors []string) []string {

--- a/app/reverse/bridge.go
+++ b/app/reverse/bridge.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
@@ -53,11 +52,6 @@ func (b *Bridge) cleanup() {
 		if w.IsActive() {
 			activeWorkers = append(activeWorkers, w)
 		}
-		if w.Closed() {
-			if w.Timer != nil {
-				w.Timer.SetTimeout(0)
-			}
-		}
 	}

 	if len(activeWorkers) != len(b.workers) {
@@ -99,11 +93,10 @@ func (b *Bridge) Close() error {
 }

 type BridgeWorker struct {
-	Tag        string
-	Worker     *mux.ServerWorker
-	Dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	State      Control_State
-	Timer      *signal.ActivityTimer
+	tag        string
+	worker     *mux.ServerWorker
+	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	state      Control_State
 }

 func NewBridgeWorker(domain string, tag string, d routing.Dispatcher) (*BridgeWorker, error) {
@@ -121,20 +114,16 @@ func NewBridgeWorker(domain string, tag string, d routing.Dispatcher) (*BridgeWo
 	}

 	w := &BridgeWorker{
-		Dispatcher: d,
-		Tag:        tag,
+		dispatcher: d,
+		tag:        tag,
 	}

 	worker, err := mux.NewServerWorker(context.Background(), w, link)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	w.Worker = worker
+	w.worker = worker

-	terminate := func() {
-		worker.Close()
-	}
-	w.Timer = signal.CancelAfterInactivity(ctx, terminate, 60*time.Second)
 	return w, nil
 }

@@ -151,65 +140,48 @@ func (w *BridgeWorker) Close() error {
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) IsActive() bool {
-	return w.State == Control_ACTIVE && !w.Worker.Closed()
-}
-
-func (w *BridgeWorker) Closed() bool {
-	return w.Worker.Closed()
+	return w.state == Control_ACTIVE && !w.worker.Closed()
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) Connections() uint32 {
-	return w.Worker.ActiveConnections()
+	return w.worker.ActiveConnections()
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) handleInternalConn(link *transport.Link) {
-	reader := link.Reader
-	for {
-		mb, err := reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
-		if err != nil {
-			if w.Timer != nil {
-				if w.Closed() {
-					w.Timer.SetTimeout(0)
-				} else {
-					w.Timer.SetTimeout(24 * time.Hour)
+	go func() {
+		reader := link.Reader
+		for {
+			mb, err := reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
+			if err != nil {
+				break
+			}
+			for _, b := range mb {
+				var ctl Control
+				if err := proto.Unmarshal(b.Bytes(), &ctl); err != nil {
+					errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse proto message")
+					break
+				}
+				if ctl.State != w.state {
+					w.state = ctl.State
 				}
 			}
-			return
 		}
-		if w.Timer != nil {
-			w.Timer.Update()
-		}
-		for _, b := range mb {
-			var ctl Control
-			if err := proto.Unmarshal(b.Bytes(), &ctl); err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse proto message")
-				if w.Timer != nil {
-					w.Timer.SetTimeout(0)
-				}
-				return
-			}
-			if ctl.State != w.State {
-				w.State = ctl.State
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	}()
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (*transport.Link, error) {
 	if !isInternalDomain(dest) {
-		if session.InboundFromContext(ctx) == nil {
-			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
-				Tag: w.Tag,
-			})
-		}
-		return w.Dispatcher.Dispatch(ctx, dest)
+		ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
+			Tag: w.tag,
+		})
+		return w.dispatcher.Dispatch(ctx, dest)
 	}

 	opt := []pipe.Option{pipe.WithSizeLimit(16 * 1024)}
 	uplinkReader, uplinkWriter := pipe.New(opt...)
 	downlinkReader, downlinkWriter := pipe.New(opt...)

-	go w.handleInternalConn(&transport.Link{
+	w.handleInternalConn(&transport.Link{
 		Reader: downlinkReader,
 		Writer: uplinkWriter,
 	})
@@ -222,17 +194,12 @@ func (w *BridgeWorker) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (*tra

 func (w *BridgeWorker) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, link *transport.Link) error {
 	if !isInternalDomain(dest) {
-		if session.InboundFromContext(ctx) == nil {
-			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
-				Tag: w.Tag,
-			})
-		}
-		return w.Dispatcher.DispatchLink(ctx, dest, link)
+		ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
+			Tag: w.tag,
+		})
+		return w.dispatcher.DispatchLink(ctx, dest, link)
 	}

-	if d, ok := w.Dispatcher.(routing.WrapLinkDispatcher); ok {
-		link = d.WrapLink(ctx, link)
-	}
 	w.handleInternalConn(link)

 	return nil
--- a/app/reverse/config.go
+++ b/app/reverse/config.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (

 func (c *Control) FillInRandom() {
 	randomLength := dice.Roll(64)
-	randomLength++
 	c.Random = make([]byte, randomLength)
 	io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, c.Random)
 }
--- a/app/reverse/portal.go
+++ b/app/reverse/portal.go
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
@@ -83,21 +81,9 @@ func (p *Portal) HandleConnection(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) err
 		}

 		p.picker.AddWorker(worker)
-
-		if _, ok := link.Reader.(*pipe.Reader); !ok {
-			select {
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-			case <-muxClient.WaitClosed():
-			}
-		}
 		return nil
 	}

-	if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != nil && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != ob.Target.Address {
-		link.Reader = &buf.EndpointOverrideReader{Reader: link.Reader, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
-		link.Writer = &buf.EndpointOverrideWriter{Writer: link.Writer, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
-	}
-
 	return p.client.Dispatch(ctx, link)
 }

@@ -114,7 +100,6 @@ func (o *Outbound) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 	if err := o.portal.HandleConnection(ctx, link); err != nil {
 		errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "failed to process reverse connection")
 		common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-		common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 	}
 }

@@ -126,16 +111,6 @@ func (o *Outbound) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }

-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (o *Outbound) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (o *Outbound) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
 type StaticMuxPicker struct {
 	access  sync.Mutex
 	workers []*PortalWorker
@@ -160,8 +135,6 @@ func (p *StaticMuxPicker) cleanup() error {
 	for _, w := range p.workers {
 		if !w.Closed() {
 			activeWorkers = append(activeWorkers, w)
-		} else {
-			w.timer.SetTimeout(0)
 		}
 	}

@@ -186,7 +159,7 @@ func (p *StaticMuxPicker) PickAvailable() (*mux.ClientWorker, error) {
 		if w.draining {
 			continue
 		}
-		if w.IsFull() {
+		if w.client.Closed() {
 			continue
 		}
 		if w.client.ActiveConnections() < minConn {
@@ -227,8 +200,6 @@ type PortalWorker struct {
 	writer   buf.Writer
 	reader   buf.Reader
 	draining bool
-	counter  uint32
-	timer    *signal.ActivityTimer
 }

 func NewPortalWorker(client *mux.ClientWorker) (*PortalWorker, error) {
@@ -248,14 +219,10 @@ func NewPortalWorker(client *mux.ClientWorker) (*PortalWorker, error) {
 	if !f {
 		return nil, errors.New("unable to dispatch control connection")
 	}
-	terminate := func() {
-		client.Close()
-	}
 	w := &PortalWorker{
 		client: client,
 		reader: downlinkReader,
 		writer: uplinkWriter,
-		timer:  signal.CancelAfterInactivity(ctx, terminate, 24*time.Hour), // // prevent leak
 	}
 	w.control = &task.Periodic{
 		Execute:  w.heartbeat,
@@ -266,7 +233,7 @@ func NewPortalWorker(client *mux.ClientWorker) (*PortalWorker, error) {
 }

 func (w *PortalWorker) heartbeat() error {
-	if w.Closed() {
+	if w.client.Closed() {
 		return errors.New("client worker stopped")
 	}

@@ -288,15 +255,10 @@ func (w *PortalWorker) heartbeat() error {
 		}()
 	}

-	w.counter = (w.counter + 1) % 5
-	if w.draining || w.counter == 1 {
-		b, err := proto.Marshal(msg)
-		common.Must(err)
-		mb := buf.MergeBytes(nil, b)
-		w.timer.Update()
-		return w.writer.WriteMultiBuffer(mb)
-	}
-	return nil
+	b, err := proto.Marshal(msg)
+	common.Must(err)
+	mb := buf.MergeBytes(nil, b)
+	return w.writer.WriteMultiBuffer(mb)
 }

 func (w *PortalWorker) IsFull() bool {
--- a/app/reverse/reverse.go
+++ b/app/reverse/reverse.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 )

 const (
-	internalDomain = "reverse"
+	internalDomain = "reverse.internal.v2fly.org" // make reverse proxy compatible with v2fly
 )

 func isDomain(dest net.Destination, domain string) bool {
--- a/app/router/balancing.go
+++ b/app/router/balancing.go
@@ -31,12 +31,6 @@ type RoundRobinStrategy struct {

 func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) InjectContext(ctx context.Context) {
 	s.ctx = ctx
-	if len(s.FallbackTag) > 0 {
-		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
-			s.observatory = observatory
-			return nil
-		}))
-	}
 }

 func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {
@@ -44,6 +38,12 @@ func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {
 }

 func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) PickOutbound(tags []string) string {
+	if len(s.FallbackTag) > 0 && s.observatory == nil {
+		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
+			s.observatory = observatory
+			return nil
+		}))
+	}
 	if s.observatory != nil {
 		observeReport, err := s.observatory.GetObservation(s.ctx)
 		if err == nil {
--- a/app/router/command/command.go
+++ b/app/router/command/command.go
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func (s *service) Register(server *grpc.Server) {
 		vCoreDesc := RoutingService_ServiceDesc
 		vCoreDesc.ServiceName = "v2ray.core.app.router.command.RoutingService"
 		server.RegisterService(&vCoreDesc, rs)
-	}, false))
+	}))
 }

 func init() {
--- a/app/router/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/router/command/command.pb.go
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ type RoutingContext struct {
 	Attributes        map[string]string `protobuf:"bytes,10,rep,name=Attributes,proto3" json:"Attributes,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
 	OutboundGroupTags []string          `protobuf:"bytes,11,rep,name=OutboundGroupTags,proto3" json:"OutboundGroupTags,omitempty"`
 	OutboundTag       string            `protobuf:"bytes,12,opt,name=OutboundTag,proto3" json:"OutboundTag,omitempty"`
-	LocalIPs          [][]byte          `protobuf:"bytes,13,rep,name=LocalIPs,proto3" json:"LocalIPs,omitempty"`
-	LocalPort         uint32            `protobuf:"varint,14,opt,name=LocalPort,proto3" json:"LocalPort,omitempty"`
-	VlessRoute        uint32            `protobuf:"varint,15,opt,name=VlessRoute,proto3" json:"VlessRoute,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *RoutingContext) Reset() {
@@ -161,27 +158,6 @@ func (x *RoutingContext) GetOutboundTag() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *RoutingContext) GetLocalIPs() [][]byte {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.LocalIPs
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *RoutingContext) GetLocalPort() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.LocalPort
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *RoutingContext) GetVlessRoute() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.VlessRoute
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 // SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest subscribes to routing statistics channel if
 // opened by xray-core.
 // * FieldSelectors selects a subset of fields in routing statistics to return.
@@ -851,7 +827,7 @@ var file_app_router_command_command_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x2f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x77, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x6b, 0x2e,
 	0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x1a, 0x21, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x73, 0x65,
 	0x72, 0x69, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2f, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x64, 0x5f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61,
-	0x67, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xf6, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x75,
+	0x67, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0x9c, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x75,
 	0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x78, 0x74, 0x12, 0x1e, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x49,
 	0x6e, 0x62, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52,
 	0x0a, 0x49, 0x6e, 0x62, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4e,
@@ -881,129 +857,123 @@ var file_app_router_command_command_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x03, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x11, 0x4f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x62, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x47, 0x72, 0x6f,
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+	0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
--- a/app/router/command/command.proto
+++ b/app/router/command/command.proto
@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ message RoutingContext {
  map<string, string> Attributes = 10;
  repeated string OutboundGroupTags = 11;
  string OutboundTag = 12;
-  repeated bytes LocalIPs = 13;
-  uint32 LocalPort = 14;
-  uint32 VlessRoute = 15;
 }

 // SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest subscribes to routing statistics channel if
--- a/app/router/command/config.go
+++ b/app/router/command/config.go
@@ -28,18 +28,6 @@ func (c routingContext) GetTargetPort() net.Port {
 	return net.Port(c.RoutingContext.GetTargetPort())
 }

-func (c routingContext) GetLocalIPs() []net.IP {
-	return mapBytesToIPs(c.RoutingContext.GetLocalIPs())
-}
-
-func (c routingContext) GetLocalPort() net.Port {
-	return net.Port(c.RoutingContext.GetLocalPort())
-}
-
-func (c routingContext) GetVlessRoute() net.Port {
-	return net.Port(c.RoutingContext.GetVlessRoute())
-}
-
 func (c routingContext) GetRuleTag() string {
 	return ""
 }
@@ -66,10 +54,8 @@ var fieldMap = map[string]func(*RoutingContext, routing.Route){
 	"network":        func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.Network = r.GetNetwork() },
 	"ip_source":      func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.SourceIPs = mapIPsToBytes(r.GetSourceIPs()) },
 	"ip_target":      func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.TargetIPs = mapIPsToBytes(r.GetTargetIPs()) },
-	"ip_local":       func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.LocalIPs = mapIPsToBytes(r.GetLocalIPs()) },
 	"port_source":    func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.SourcePort = uint32(r.GetSourcePort()) },
 	"port_target":    func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.TargetPort = uint32(r.GetTargetPort()) },
-	"port_local":     func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.LocalPort = uint32(r.GetLocalPort()) },
 	"domain":         func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.TargetDomain = r.GetTargetDomain() },
 	"protocol":       func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.Protocol = r.GetProtocol() },
 	"user":           func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.User = r.GetUser() },
--- a/app/router/condition.go
+++ b/app/router/condition.go
@@ -47,6 +47,20 @@ var matcherTypeMap = map[Domain_Type]strmatcher.Type{
 	Domain_Full:   strmatcher.Full,
 }

+func domainToMatcher(domain *Domain) (strmatcher.Matcher, error) {
+	matcherType, f := matcherTypeMap[domain.Type]
+	if !f {
+		return nil, errors.New("unsupported domain type", domain.Type)
+	}
+
+	matcher, err := matcherType.New(domain.Value)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to create domain matcher").Base(err)
+	}
+
+	return matcher, nil
+}
+
 type DomainMatcher struct {
 	matchers strmatcher.IndexMatcher
 }
@@ -69,6 +83,21 @@ func NewMphMatcherGroup(domains []*Domain) (*DomainMatcher, error) {
 	}, nil
 }

+func NewDomainMatcher(domains []*Domain) (*DomainMatcher, error) {
+	g := new(strmatcher.MatcherGroup)
+	for _, d := range domains {
+		m, err := domainToMatcher(d)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		g.Add(m)
+	}
+
+	return &DomainMatcher{
+		matchers: g,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 func (m *DomainMatcher) ApplyDomain(domain string) bool {
 	return len(m.matchers.Match(strings.ToLower(domain))) > 0
 }
@@ -82,72 +111,66 @@ func (m *DomainMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 	return m.ApplyDomain(domain)
 }

-type MatcherAsType byte
-
-const (
-	MatcherAsType_Local MatcherAsType = iota
-	MatcherAsType_Source
-	MatcherAsType_Target
-	MatcherAsType_VlessRoute // for port
-)
-
-type IPMatcher struct {
-	matcher GeoIPMatcher
-	asType  MatcherAsType
+type MultiGeoIPMatcher struct {
+	matchers []*GeoIPMatcher
+	onSource bool
 }

-func NewIPMatcher(geoips []*GeoIP, asType MatcherAsType) (*IPMatcher, error) {
-	matcher, err := BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(geoips...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+func NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips []*GeoIP, onSource bool) (*MultiGeoIPMatcher, error) {
+	var matchers []*GeoIPMatcher
+	for _, geoip := range geoips {
+		matcher, err := globalGeoIPContainer.Add(geoip)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		matchers = append(matchers, matcher)
 	}
-	return &IPMatcher{matcher: matcher, asType: asType}, nil
+
+	matcher := &MultiGeoIPMatcher{
+		matchers: matchers,
+		onSource: onSource,
+	}
+
+	return matcher, nil
 }

 // Apply implements Condition.
-func (m *IPMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
+func (m *MultiGeoIPMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 	var ips []net.IP
-
-	switch m.asType {
-	case MatcherAsType_Local:
-		ips = ctx.GetLocalIPs()
-	case MatcherAsType_Source:
+	if m.onSource {
 		ips = ctx.GetSourceIPs()
-	case MatcherAsType_Target:
+	} else {
 		ips = ctx.GetTargetIPs()
-	default:
-		panic("unk asType")
 	}
-
-	return m.matcher.AnyMatch(ips)
+	for _, ip := range ips {
+		for _, matcher := range m.matchers {
+			if matcher.Match(ip) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
 }

 type PortMatcher struct {
-	port   net.MemoryPortList
-	asType MatcherAsType
+	port     net.MemoryPortList
+	onSource bool
 }

-// NewPortMatcher create a new port matcher that can match source or local or destination port
-func NewPortMatcher(list *net.PortList, asType MatcherAsType) *PortMatcher {
+// NewPortMatcher create a new port matcher that can match source or destination port
+func NewPortMatcher(list *net.PortList, onSource bool) *PortMatcher {
 	return &PortMatcher{
-		port:   net.PortListFromProto(list),
-		asType: asType,
+		port:     net.PortListFromProto(list),
+		onSource: onSource,
 	}
 }

 // Apply implements Condition.
 func (v *PortMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
-	switch v.asType {
-	case MatcherAsType_Local:
-		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetLocalPort())
-	case MatcherAsType_Source:
+	if v.onSource {
 		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetSourcePort())
-	case MatcherAsType_Target:
+	} else {
 		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetTargetPort())
-	case MatcherAsType_VlessRoute:
-		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetVlessRoute())
-	default:
-		panic("unk asType")
 	}
 }

--- a/app/router/condition_geoip.go
+++ b/app/router/condition_geoip.go
--- a/app/router/condition_geoip_test.go
+++ b/app/router/condition_geoip_test.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package router_test

 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
@@ -14,25 +13,43 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

-func getAssetPath(file string) (string, error) {
-	path := platform.GetAssetLocation(file)
-	_, err := os.Stat(path)
-	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		path := filepath.Join("..", "..", "resources", file)
-		_, err := os.Stat(path)
-		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("can't find %s in standard asset locations or {project_root}/resources", file)
-		}
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("can't stat %s: %v", path, err)
-		}
-		return path, nil
+func init() {
+	wd, err := os.Getwd()
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "resources", "geoip.dat")))
 	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("can't stat %s: %v", path, err)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "resources", "geosite.dat")))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGeoIPMatcherContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	container := &router.GeoIPMatcherContainer{}
+
+	m1, err := container.Add(&router.GeoIP{
+		CountryCode: "CN",
+	})
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	m2, err := container.Add(&router.GeoIP{
+		CountryCode: "US",
+	})
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	m3, err := container.Add(&router.GeoIP{
+		CountryCode: "CN",
+	})
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	if m1 != m3 {
+		t.Error("expect same matcher for same geoip, but not")
 	}

-	return path, nil
+	if m1 == m2 {
+		t.Error("expect different matcher for different geoip, but actually same")
+	}
 }

 func TestGeoIPMatcher(t *testing.T) {
@@ -53,10 +70,8 @@ func TestGeoIPMatcher(t *testing.T) {
 		{Ip: []byte{91, 108, 4, 0}, Prefix: 16},
 	}

-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: cidrList,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(cidrList))

 	testCases := []struct {
 		Input  string
@@ -115,10 +130,8 @@ func TestGeoIPMatcherRegression(t *testing.T) {
 		{Ip: []byte{98, 108, 20, 0}, Prefix: 23},
 	}

-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: cidrList,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(cidrList))

 	testCases := []struct {
 		Input  string
@@ -148,11 +161,9 @@ func TestGeoIPReverseMatcher(t *testing.T) {
 		{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 8, 8}, Prefix: 32},
 		{Ip: []byte{91, 108, 4, 0}, Prefix: 16},
 	}
-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: cidrList,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
-	matcher.SetReverse(true) // Reverse match
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	matcher.SetReverseMatch(true) // Reverse match
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(cidrList))

 	testCases := []struct {
 		Input  string
@@ -185,10 +196,8 @@ func TestGeoIPMatcher4CN(t *testing.T) {
 	ips, err := loadGeoIP("CN")
 	common.Must(err)

-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: ips,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(ips))

 	if matcher.Match([]byte{8, 8, 8, 8}) {
 		t.Error("expect CN geoip doesn't contain 8.8.8.8, but actually does")
@@ -199,10 +208,8 @@ func TestGeoIPMatcher6US(t *testing.T) {
 	ips, err := loadGeoIP("US")
 	common.Must(err)

-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: ips,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(ips))

 	if !matcher.Match(net.ParseAddress("2001:4860:4860::8888").IP()) {
 		t.Error("expect US geoip contain 2001:4860:4860::8888, but actually not")
@@ -210,15 +217,10 @@ func TestGeoIPMatcher6US(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func loadGeoIP(country string) ([]*router.CIDR, error) {
-	path, err := getAssetPath("geoip.dat")
+	geoipBytes, err := filesystem.ReadAsset("geoip.dat")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	geoipBytes, err := filesystem.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	var geoipList router.GeoIPList
 	if err := proto.Unmarshal(geoipBytes, &geoipList); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -237,10 +239,8 @@ func BenchmarkGeoIPMatcher4CN(b *testing.B) {
 	ips, err := loadGeoIP("CN")
 	common.Must(err)

-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: ips,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(ips))

 	b.ResetTimer()

@@ -253,10 +253,8 @@ func BenchmarkGeoIPMatcher6US(b *testing.B) {
 	ips, err := loadGeoIP("US")
 	common.Must(err)

-	matcher, err := router.BuildOptimizedGeoIPMatcher(&router.GeoIP{
-		Cidr: ips,
-	})
-	common.Must(err)
+	matcher := &router.GeoIPMatcher{}
+	common.Must(matcher.Init(ips))

 	b.ResetTimer()

--- a/app/router/condition_test.go
+++ b/app/router/condition_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package router_test

 import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"

@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/platform"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/platform/filesystem"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/http"
@@ -17,6 +20,18 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

+func init() {
+	wd, err := os.Getwd()
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "release", "config", "geoip.dat")))
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "release", "config", "geosite.dat")))
+	}
+}
+
 func withBackground() routing.Context {
 	return &routing_session.Context{}
 }
@@ -301,15 +316,10 @@ func TestRoutingRule(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func loadGeoSite(country string) ([]*Domain, error) {
-	path, err := getAssetPath("geosite.dat")
+	geositeBytes, err := filesystem.ReadAsset("geosite.dat")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	geositeBytes, err := filesystem.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	var geositeList GeoSiteList
 	if err := proto.Unmarshal(geositeBytes, &geositeList); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -328,6 +338,9 @@ func TestChinaSites(t *testing.T) {
 	domains, err := loadGeoSite("CN")
 	common.Must(err)

+	matcher, err := NewDomainMatcher(domains)
+	common.Must(err)
+
 	acMatcher, err := NewMphMatcherGroup(domains)
 	common.Must(err)

@@ -359,9 +372,12 @@ func TestChinaSites(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
-		r := acMatcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
-		if r != testCase.Output {
-			t.Error("ACDomainMatcher expected output ", testCase.Output, " for domain ", testCase.Domain, " but got ", r)
+		r1 := matcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
+		r2 := acMatcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
+		if r1 != testCase.Output {
+			t.Error("DomainMatcher expected output ", testCase.Output, " for domain ", testCase.Domain, " but got ", r1)
+		} else if r2 != testCase.Output {
+			t.Error("ACDomainMatcher expected output ", testCase.Output, " for domain ", testCase.Domain, " but got ", r2)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -408,6 +424,48 @@ func BenchmarkMphDomainMatcher(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }

+func BenchmarkDomainMatcher(b *testing.B) {
+	domains, err := loadGeoSite("CN")
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	matcher, err := NewDomainMatcher(domains)
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	type TestCase struct {
+		Domain string
+		Output bool
+	}
+	testCases := []TestCase{
+		{
+			Domain: "163.com",
+			Output: true,
+		},
+		{
+			Domain: "163.com",
+			Output: true,
+		},
+		{
+			Domain: "164.com",
+			Output: false,
+		},
+		{
+			Domain: "164.com",
+			Output: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < 1024; i++ {
+		testCases = append(testCases, TestCase{Domain: strconv.Itoa(i) + ".not-exists.com", Output: false})
+	}
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for _, testCase := range testCases {
+			_ = matcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func BenchmarkMultiGeoIPMatcher(b *testing.B) {
 	var geoips []*GeoIP

@@ -447,7 +505,7 @@ func BenchmarkMultiGeoIPMatcher(b *testing.B) {
 		})
 	}

-	matcher, err := NewIPMatcher(geoips, MatcherAsType_Target)
+	matcher, err := NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips, false)
 	common.Must(err)

 	ctx := withOutbound(&session.Outbound{Target: net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress("8.8.8.8"), 80)})
--- a/app/router/config.go
+++ b/app/router/config.go
@@ -32,38 +32,66 @@ func (r *Rule) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 func (rr *RoutingRule) BuildCondition() (Condition, error) {
 	conds := NewConditionChan()

+	if len(rr.Domain) > 0 {
+		switch rr.DomainMatcher {
+		case "linear":
+			matcher, err := NewDomainMatcher(rr.Domain)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, errors.New("failed to build domain condition").Base(err)
+			}
+			conds.Add(matcher)
+		case "mph", "hybrid":
+			fallthrough
+		default:
+			matcher, err := NewMphMatcherGroup(rr.Domain)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, errors.New("failed to build domain condition with MphDomainMatcher").Base(err)
+			}
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "MphDomainMatcher is enabled for ", len(rr.Domain), " domain rule(s)")
+			conds.Add(matcher)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(rr.UserEmail) > 0 {
+		conds.Add(NewUserMatcher(rr.UserEmail))
+	}
+
 	if len(rr.InboundTag) > 0 {
 		conds.Add(NewInboundTagMatcher(rr.InboundTag))
 	}

+	if rr.PortList != nil {
+		conds.Add(NewPortMatcher(rr.PortList, false))
+	}
+
+	if rr.SourcePortList != nil {
+		conds.Add(NewPortMatcher(rr.SourcePortList, true))
+	}
+
 	if len(rr.Networks) > 0 {
 		conds.Add(NewNetworkMatcher(rr.Networks))
 	}

+	if len(rr.Geoip) > 0 {
+		cond, err := NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(rr.Geoip, false)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		conds.Add(cond)
+	}
+
+	if len(rr.SourceGeoip) > 0 {
+		cond, err := NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(rr.SourceGeoip, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		conds.Add(cond)
+	}
+
 	if len(rr.Protocol) > 0 {
 		conds.Add(NewProtocolMatcher(rr.Protocol))
 	}

-	if rr.PortList != nil {
-		conds.Add(NewPortMatcher(rr.PortList, MatcherAsType_Target))
-	}
-
-	if rr.SourcePortList != nil {
-		conds.Add(NewPortMatcher(rr.SourcePortList, MatcherAsType_Source))
-	}
-
-	if rr.LocalPortList != nil {
-		conds.Add(NewPortMatcher(rr.LocalPortList, MatcherAsType_Local))
-	}
-
-	if rr.VlessRouteList != nil {
-		conds.Add(NewPortMatcher(rr.VlessRouteList, MatcherAsType_VlessRoute))
-	}
-
-	if len(rr.UserEmail) > 0 {
-		conds.Add(NewUserMatcher(rr.UserEmail))
-	}
-
 	if len(rr.Attributes) > 0 {
 		configuredKeys := make(map[string]*regexp.Regexp)
 		for key, value := range rr.Attributes {
@@ -72,40 +100,6 @@ func (rr *RoutingRule) BuildCondition() (Condition, error) {
 		conds.Add(&AttributeMatcher{configuredKeys})
 	}

-	if len(rr.Geoip) > 0 {
-		cond, err := NewIPMatcher(rr.Geoip, MatcherAsType_Target)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		conds.Add(cond)
-	}
-
-	if len(rr.SourceGeoip) > 0 {
-		cond, err := NewIPMatcher(rr.SourceGeoip, MatcherAsType_Source)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		conds.Add(cond)
-	}
-
-	if len(rr.LocalGeoip) > 0 {
-		cond, err := NewIPMatcher(rr.LocalGeoip, MatcherAsType_Local)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		conds.Add(cond)
-		errors.LogWarning(context.Background(), "Due to some limitations, in UDP connections, localIP is always equal to listen interface IP, so \"localIP\" rule condition does not work properly on UDP inbound connections that listen on all interfaces")
-	}
-
-	if len(rr.Domain) > 0 {
-		matcher, err := NewMphMatcherGroup(rr.Domain)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.New("failed to build domain condition with MphDomainMatcher").Base(err)
-		}
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "MphDomainMatcher is enabled for ", len(rr.Domain), " domain rule(s)")
-		conds.Add(matcher)
-	}
-
 	if conds.Len() == 0 {
 		return nil, errors.New("this rule has no effective fields").AtWarning()
 	}
--- a/app/router/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/router/config.pb.go
@@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ type Config_DomainStrategy int32
 const (
 	// Use domain as is.
 	Config_AsIs Config_DomainStrategy = 0
+	// Always resolve IP for domains.
+	Config_UseIp Config_DomainStrategy = 1
 	// Resolve to IP if the domain doesn't match any rules.
 	Config_IpIfNonMatch Config_DomainStrategy = 2
 	// Resolve to IP if any rule requires IP matching.
@@ -94,11 +96,13 @@ const (
 var (
 	Config_DomainStrategy_name = map[int32]string{
 		0: "AsIs",
+		1: "UseIp",
 		2: "IpIfNonMatch",
 		3: "IpOnDemand",
 	}
 	Config_DomainStrategy_value = map[string]int32{
 		"AsIs":         0,
+		"UseIp":        1,
 		"IpIfNonMatch": 2,
 		"IpOnDemand":   3,
 	}
@@ -466,7 +470,7 @@ type RoutingRule struct {
 	//	*RoutingRule_Tag
 	//	*RoutingRule_BalancingTag
 	TargetTag isRoutingRule_TargetTag `protobuf_oneof:"target_tag"`
-	RuleTag   string                  `protobuf:"bytes,19,opt,name=rule_tag,json=ruleTag,proto3" json:"rule_tag,omitempty"`
+	RuleTag   string                  `protobuf:"bytes,18,opt,name=rule_tag,json=ruleTag,proto3" json:"rule_tag,omitempty"`
 	// List of domains for target domain matching.
 	Domain []*Domain `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=domain,proto3" json:"domain,omitempty"`
 	// List of GeoIPs for target IP address matching. If this entry exists, the
@@ -487,9 +491,7 @@ type RoutingRule struct {
 	InboundTag     []string          `protobuf:"bytes,8,rep,name=inbound_tag,json=inboundTag,proto3" json:"inbound_tag,omitempty"`
 	Protocol       []string          `protobuf:"bytes,9,rep,name=protocol,proto3" json:"protocol,omitempty"`
 	Attributes     map[string]string `protobuf:"bytes,15,rep,name=attributes,proto3" json:"attributes,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
-	LocalGeoip     []*GeoIP          `protobuf:"bytes,17,rep,name=local_geoip,json=localGeoip,proto3" json:"local_geoip,omitempty"`
-	LocalPortList  *net.PortList     `protobuf:"bytes,18,opt,name=local_port_list,json=localPortList,proto3" json:"local_port_list,omitempty"`
-	VlessRouteList *net.PortList     `protobuf:"bytes,20,opt,name=vless_route_list,json=vlessRouteList,proto3" json:"vless_route_list,omitempty"`
+	DomainMatcher  string            `protobuf:"bytes,17,opt,name=domain_matcher,json=domainMatcher,proto3" json:"domain_matcher,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *RoutingRule) Reset() {
@@ -620,25 +622,11 @@ func (x *RoutingRule) GetAttributes() map[string]string {
 	return nil
 }

-func (x *RoutingRule) GetLocalGeoip() []*GeoIP {
+func (x *RoutingRule) GetDomainMatcher() string {
 	if x != nil {
-		return x.LocalGeoip
+		return x.DomainMatcher
 	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *RoutingRule) GetLocalPortList() *net.PortList {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.LocalPortList
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *RoutingRule) GetVlessRouteList() *net.PortList {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.VlessRouteList
-	}
-	return nil
+	return ""
 }

 type isRoutingRule_TargetTag interface {
@@ -1081,13 +1069,13 @@ var file_app_router_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6f, 0x53, 0x69, 0x74, 0x65, 0x4c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74, 0x12, 0x2e, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74,
 	0x72, 0x79, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x18, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
 	0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x2e, 0x47, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x53, 0x69,
-	0x74, 0x65, 0x52, 0x05, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x72, 0x79, 0x22, 0xe8, 0x06, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x52, 0x6f,
+	0x74, 0x65, 0x52, 0x05, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x72, 0x79, 0x22, 0xce, 0x05, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x52, 0x6f,
 	0x75, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x52, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x12, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67,
 	0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x48, 0x00, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12, 0x25, 0x0a,
 	0x0d, 0x62, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x5f, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x18, 0x0c,
 	0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x48, 0x00, 0x52, 0x0c, 0x62, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x69, 0x6e,
 	0x67, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12, 0x19, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x72, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x5f, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67,
-	0x18, 0x13, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x07, 0x72, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12,
+	0x18, 0x12, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x07, 0x72, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12,
 	0x2f, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32,
 	0x17, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x65,
 	0x72, 0x2e, 0x44, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x52, 0x06, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e,
@@ -1119,78 +1107,69 @@ var file_app_router_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x2e, 0x52,
 	0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x52, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x74, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69,
 	0x62, 0x75, 0x74, 0x65, 0x73, 0x45, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x72, 0x79, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x61, 0x74, 0x74, 0x72,
-	0x69, 0x62, 0x75, 0x74, 0x65, 0x73, 0x12, 0x37, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x5f,
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+	0x72, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -1241,19 +1220,16 @@ var file_app_router_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	4,  // 10: xray.app.router.RoutingRule.source_geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
 	15, // 11: xray.app.router.RoutingRule.source_port_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
 	14, // 12: xray.app.router.RoutingRule.attributes:type_name -> xray.app.router.RoutingRule.AttributesEntry
-	4,  // 13: xray.app.router.RoutingRule.local_geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
-	15, // 14: xray.app.router.RoutingRule.local_port_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
-	15, // 15: xray.app.router.RoutingRule.vless_route_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
-	17, // 16: xray.app.router.BalancingRule.strategy_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	10, // 17: xray.app.router.StrategyLeastLoadConfig.costs:type_name -> xray.app.router.StrategyWeight
-	1,  // 18: xray.app.router.Config.domain_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.router.Config.DomainStrategy
-	8,  // 19: xray.app.router.Config.rule:type_name -> xray.app.router.RoutingRule
-	9,  // 20: xray.app.router.Config.balancing_rule:type_name -> xray.app.router.BalancingRule
-	21, // [21:21] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	21, // [21:21] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	21, // [21:21] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	21, // [21:21] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:21] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	17, // 13: xray.app.router.BalancingRule.strategy_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	10, // 14: xray.app.router.StrategyLeastLoadConfig.costs:type_name -> xray.app.router.StrategyWeight
+	1,  // 15: xray.app.router.Config.domain_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.router.Config.DomainStrategy
+	8,  // 16: xray.app.router.Config.rule:type_name -> xray.app.router.RoutingRule
+	9,  // 17: xray.app.router.Config.balancing_rule:type_name -> xray.app.router.BalancingRule
+	18, // [18:18] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	18, // [18:18] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	18, // [18:18] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	18, // [18:18] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:18] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_router_config_proto_init() }
--- a/app/router/config.proto
+++ b/app/router/config.proto
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ message RoutingRule {
    // Tag of routing balancer.
    string balancing_tag = 12;
  }
-    string rule_tag = 19;
+    string rule_tag = 18;

  // List of domains for target domain matching.
  repeated Domain domain = 2;
@@ -109,10 +109,7 @@ message RoutingRule {

  map<string, string> attributes = 15;

-  repeated GeoIP local_geoip = 17;
-  xray.common.net.PortList local_port_list = 18;
-
-  xray.common.net.PortList vless_route_list = 20;
+  string domain_matcher = 17;
 }

 message BalancingRule {
@@ -147,8 +144,8 @@ message Config {
    // Use domain as is.
    AsIs = 0;

-    // [Deprecated] Always resolve IP for domains.
-    // UseIp = 1;
+    // Always resolve IP for domains.
+    UseIp = 1;

    // Resolve to IP if the domain doesn't match any rules.
    IpIfNonMatch = 2;
--- a/app/router/router_test.go
+++ b/app/router/router_test.go
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func TestIPOnDemand(t *testing.T) {
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
 		FakeEnable: false,
-	}).Return([]net.IP{{192, 168, 0, 1}}, uint32(600), nil).AnyTimes()
+	}).Return([]net.IP{{192, 168, 0, 1}}, nil).AnyTimes()

 	r := new(Router)
 	common.Must(r.Init(context.TODO(), config, mockDNS, nil, nil))
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func TestIPIfNonMatchDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
 		FakeEnable: false,
-	}).Return([]net.IP{{192, 168, 0, 1}}, uint32(600), nil).AnyTimes()
+	}).Return([]net.IP{{192, 168, 0, 1}}, nil).AnyTimes()

 	r := new(Router)
 	common.Must(r.Init(context.TODO(), config, mockDNS, nil, nil))
--- a/app/router/strategy_leastload.go
+++ b/app/router/strategy_leastload.go
@@ -58,12 +58,8 @@ type node struct {
 	RTTDeviationCost time.Duration
 }

-func (s *LeastLoadStrategy) InjectContext(ctx context.Context) {
-	s.ctx = ctx
-	common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
-		s.observer = observatory
-		return nil
-	}))
+func (l *LeastLoadStrategy) InjectContext(ctx context.Context) {
+	l.ctx = ctx
 }

 func (s *LeastLoadStrategy) PickOutbound(candidates []string) string {
@@ -140,8 +136,10 @@ func (s *LeastLoadStrategy) selectLeastLoad(nodes []*node) []*node {

 func (s *LeastLoadStrategy) getNodes(candidates []string, maxRTT time.Duration) []*node {
 	if s.observer == nil {
-		errors.LogError(s.ctx, "observer is nil")
-		return make([]*node, 0)
+		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
+			s.observer = observatory
+			return nil
+		}))
 	}
 	observeResult, err := s.observer.GetObservation(s.ctx)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/app/router/strategy_leastping.go
+++ b/app/router/strategy_leastping.go
@@ -21,20 +21,19 @@ func (l *LeastPingStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {

 func (l *LeastPingStrategy) InjectContext(ctx context.Context) {
 	l.ctx = ctx
-	common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(l.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
-		l.observatory = observatory
-		return nil
-	}))
 }

 func (l *LeastPingStrategy) PickOutbound(strings []string) string {
 	if l.observatory == nil {
-		errors.LogError(l.ctx, "observer is nil")
-		return ""
+		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(l.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
+			l.observatory = observatory
+			return nil
+		}))
 	}
+
 	observeReport, err := l.observatory.GetObservation(l.ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		errors.LogInfoInner(l.ctx, err, "cannot get observer report")
+		errors.LogInfoInner(l.ctx, err, "cannot get observe report")
 		return ""
 	}
 	outboundsList := outboundList(strings)
--- a/app/router/strategy_random.go
+++ b/app/router/strategy_random.go
@@ -20,12 +20,6 @@ type RandomStrategy struct {

 func (s *RandomStrategy) InjectContext(ctx context.Context) {
 	s.ctx = ctx
-	if len(s.FallbackTag) > 0 {
-		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
-			s.observatory = observatory
-			return nil
-		}))
-	}
 }

 func (s *RandomStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {
@@ -33,6 +27,12 @@ func (s *RandomStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {
 }

 func (s *RandomStrategy) PickOutbound(candidates []string) string {
+	if len(s.FallbackTag) > 0 && s.observatory == nil {
+		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
+			s.observatory = observatory
+			return nil
+		}))
+	}
 	if s.observatory != nil {
 		observeReport, err := s.observatory.GetObservation(s.ctx)
 		if err == nil {
--- a/app/stats/command/command.go
+++ b/app/stats/command/command.go
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	feature_stats "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/stats"
 	grpc "google.golang.org/grpc"
-	codes "google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
-	status "google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )

 // statsServer is an implementation of StatsService.
@@ -32,7 +30,7 @@ func NewStatsServer(manager feature_stats.Manager) StatsServiceServer {
 func (s *statsServer) GetStats(ctx context.Context, request *GetStatsRequest) (*GetStatsResponse, error) {
 	c := s.stats.GetCounter(request.Name)
 	if c == nil {
-		return nil, status.Error(codes.NotFound, request.Name+" not found.")
+		return nil, errors.New(request.Name, " not found.")
 	}
 	var value int64
 	if request.Reset_ {
@@ -51,7 +49,7 @@ func (s *statsServer) GetStats(ctx context.Context, request *GetStatsRequest) (*
 func (s *statsServer) GetStatsOnline(ctx context.Context, request *GetStatsRequest) (*GetStatsResponse, error) {
 	c := s.stats.GetOnlineMap(request.Name)
 	if c == nil {
-		return nil, status.Error(codes.NotFound, request.Name+" not found.")
+		return nil, errors.New(request.Name, " not found.")
 	}
 	value := int64(c.Count())
 	return &GetStatsResponse{
@@ -62,24 +60,6 @@ func (s *statsServer) GetStatsOnline(ctx context.Context, request *GetStatsReque
 	}, nil
 }

-func (s *statsServer) GetStatsOnlineIpList(ctx context.Context, request *GetStatsRequest) (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse, error) {
-	c := s.stats.GetOnlineMap(request.Name)
-
-	if c == nil {
-		return nil, status.Error(codes.NotFound, request.Name+" not found.")
-	}
-
-	ips := make(map[string]int64)
-	for ip, t := range c.IpTimeMap() {
-		ips[ip] = t.Unix()
-	}
-
-	return &GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse{
-		Name: request.Name,
-		Ips:  ips,
-	}, nil
-}
-
 func (s *statsServer) QueryStats(ctx context.Context, request *QueryStatsRequest) (*QueryStatsResponse, error) {
 	matcher, err := strmatcher.Substr.New(request.Pattern)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/app/stats/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/stats/command/command.pb.go
@@ -424,59 +424,6 @@ func (x *SysStatsResponse) GetUptime() uint32 {
 	return 0
 }

-type GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	Name string           `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=name,proto3" json:"name,omitempty"`
-	Ips  map[string]int64 `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=ips,proto3" json:"ips,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"varint,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
-}
-
-func (x *GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) Reset() {
-	*x = GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
-}
-
-func (x *GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) GetName() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Name
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) GetIps() map[string]int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Ips
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 type Config struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -485,7 +432,7 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
+	mi := &file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -497,7 +444,7 @@ func (x *Config) String() string {
 func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
+	mi := &file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -510,7 +457,7 @@ func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use Config.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
+	return file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
 }

 var File_app_stats_command_command_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
@@ -559,60 +506,40 @@ var file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x54, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x4e, 0x73, 0x18, 0x09, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x04, 0x52, 0x0c, 0x50,
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 }

 var (
@@ -627,38 +554,33 @@ func file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDescData
 }

-var file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 10)
+var file_app_stats_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 8)
 var file_app_stats_command_command_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*GetStatsRequest)(nil),              // 0: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
-	(*Stat)(nil),                         // 1: xray.app.stats.command.Stat
-	(*GetStatsResponse)(nil),             // 2: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse
-	(*QueryStatsRequest)(nil),            // 3: xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsRequest
-	(*QueryStatsResponse)(nil),           // 4: xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsResponse
-	(*SysStatsRequest)(nil),              // 5: xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsRequest
-	(*SysStatsResponse)(nil),             // 6: xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsResponse
-	(*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse)(nil), // 7: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse
-	(*Config)(nil),                       // 8: xray.app.stats.command.Config
-	nil,                                  // 9: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse.IpsEntry
+	(*GetStatsRequest)(nil),    // 0: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
+	(*Stat)(nil),               // 1: xray.app.stats.command.Stat
+	(*GetStatsResponse)(nil),   // 2: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse
+	(*QueryStatsRequest)(nil),  // 3: xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsRequest
+	(*QueryStatsResponse)(nil), // 4: xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsResponse
+	(*SysStatsRequest)(nil),    // 5: xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsRequest
+	(*SysStatsResponse)(nil),   // 6: xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsResponse
+	(*Config)(nil),             // 7: xray.app.stats.command.Config
 }
 var file_app_stats_command_command_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	1, // 0: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse.stat:type_name -> xray.app.stats.command.Stat
 	1, // 1: xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsResponse.stat:type_name -> xray.app.stats.command.Stat
-	9, // 2: xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse.ips:type_name -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse.IpsEntry
-	0, // 3: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStats:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
-	0, // 4: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStatsOnline:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
-	3, // 5: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.QueryStats:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsRequest
-	5, // 6: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetSysStats:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsRequest
-	0, // 7: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStatsOnlineIpList:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
-	2, // 8: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStats:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse
-	2, // 9: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStatsOnline:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse
-	4, // 10: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.QueryStats:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsResponse
-	6, // 11: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetSysStats:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsResponse
-	7, // 12: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStatsOnlineIpList:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse
-	8, // [8:13] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	3, // [3:8] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	3, // [3:3] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	3, // [3:3] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0, // [0:3] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	0, // 2: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStats:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
+	0, // 3: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStatsOnline:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsRequest
+	3, // 4: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.QueryStats:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsRequest
+	5, // 5: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetSysStats:input_type -> xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsRequest
+	2, // 6: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStats:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse
+	2, // 7: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetStatsOnline:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.GetStatsResponse
+	4, // 8: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.QueryStats:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.QueryStatsResponse
+	6, // 9: xray.app.stats.command.StatsService.GetSysStats:output_type -> xray.app.stats.command.SysStatsResponse
+	6, // [6:10] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	2, // [2:6] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0, // [0:2] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_stats_command_command_proto_init() }
@@ -672,7 +594,7 @@ func file_app_stats_command_command_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_stats_command_command_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   10,
+			NumMessages:   8,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   1,
 		},
--- a/app/stats/command/command.proto
+++ b/app/stats/command/command.proto
@@ -46,17 +46,11 @@ message SysStatsResponse {
  uint32 Uptime = 10;
 }

-message GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse {
-  string name = 1;
-  map<string, int64> ips = 2;
-}
-
 service StatsService {
  rpc GetStats(GetStatsRequest) returns (GetStatsResponse) {}
  rpc GetStatsOnline(GetStatsRequest) returns (GetStatsResponse) {}
  rpc QueryStats(QueryStatsRequest) returns (QueryStatsResponse) {}
  rpc GetSysStats(SysStatsRequest) returns (SysStatsResponse) {}
-  rpc GetStatsOnlineIpList(GetStatsRequest) returns (GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse) {}
 }

 message Config {}
--- a/app/stats/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/stats/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -19,11 +19,10 @@ import (
 const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9

 const (
-	StatsService_GetStats_FullMethodName             = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetStats"
-	StatsService_GetStatsOnline_FullMethodName       = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetStatsOnline"
-	StatsService_QueryStats_FullMethodName           = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/QueryStats"
-	StatsService_GetSysStats_FullMethodName          = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetSysStats"
-	StatsService_GetStatsOnlineIpList_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetStatsOnlineIpList"
+	StatsService_GetStats_FullMethodName       = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetStats"
+	StatsService_GetStatsOnline_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetStatsOnline"
+	StatsService_QueryStats_FullMethodName     = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/QueryStats"
+	StatsService_GetSysStats_FullMethodName    = "/xray.app.stats.command.StatsService/GetSysStats"
 )

 // StatsServiceClient is the client API for StatsService service.
@@ -34,7 +33,6 @@ type StatsServiceClient interface {
 	GetStatsOnline(ctx context.Context, in *GetStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetStatsResponse, error)
 	QueryStats(ctx context.Context, in *QueryStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*QueryStatsResponse, error)
 	GetSysStats(ctx context.Context, in *SysStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*SysStatsResponse, error)
-	GetStatsOnlineIpList(ctx context.Context, in *GetStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse, error)
 }

 type statsServiceClient struct {
@@ -85,16 +83,6 @@ func (c *statsServiceClient) GetSysStats(ctx context.Context, in *SysStatsReques
 	return out, nil
 }

-func (c *statsServiceClient) GetStatsOnlineIpList(ctx context.Context, in *GetStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, StatsService_GetStatsOnlineIpList_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
 // StatsServiceServer is the server API for StatsService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedStatsServiceServer
 // for forward compatibility.
@@ -103,7 +91,6 @@ type StatsServiceServer interface {
 	GetStatsOnline(context.Context, *GetStatsRequest) (*GetStatsResponse, error)
 	QueryStats(context.Context, *QueryStatsRequest) (*QueryStatsResponse, error)
 	GetSysStats(context.Context, *SysStatsRequest) (*SysStatsResponse, error)
-	GetStatsOnlineIpList(context.Context, *GetStatsRequest) (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedStatsServiceServer()
 }

@@ -126,9 +113,6 @@ func (UnimplementedStatsServiceServer) QueryStats(context.Context, *QueryStatsRe
 func (UnimplementedStatsServiceServer) GetSysStats(context.Context, *SysStatsRequest) (*SysStatsResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetSysStats not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedStatsServiceServer) GetStatsOnlineIpList(context.Context, *GetStatsRequest) (*GetStatsOnlineIpListResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetStatsOnlineIpList not implemented")
-}
 func (UnimplementedStatsServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedStatsServiceServer() {}
 func (UnimplementedStatsServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                      {}

@@ -222,24 +206,6 @@ func _StatsService_GetSysStats_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }

-func _StatsService_GetStatsOnlineIpList_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(GetStatsRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(StatsServiceServer).GetStatsOnlineIpList(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: StatsService_GetStatsOnlineIpList_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(StatsServiceServer).GetStatsOnlineIpList(ctx, req.(*GetStatsRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
 // StatsService_ServiceDesc is the grpc.ServiceDesc for StatsService service.
 // It's only intended for direct use with grpc.RegisterService,
 // and not to be introspected or modified (even as a copy)
@@ -263,10 +229,6 @@ var StatsService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "GetSysStats",
 			Handler:    _StatsService_GetSysStats_Handler,
 		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "GetStatsOnlineIpList",
-			Handler:    _StatsService_GetStatsOnlineIpList_Handler,
-		},
 	},
 	Streams:  []grpc.StreamDesc{},
 	Metadata: "app/stats/command/command.proto",
--- a/app/stats/online_map.go
+++ b/app/stats/online_map.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (

 // OnlineMap is an implementation of stats.OnlineMap.
 type OnlineMap struct {
+	value         int
 	ipList        map[string]time.Time
 	access        sync.RWMutex
 	lastCleanup   time.Time
@@ -24,10 +25,7 @@ func NewOnlineMap() *OnlineMap {

 // Count implements stats.OnlineMap.
 func (c *OnlineMap) Count() int {
-	c.access.RLock()
-	defer c.access.RUnlock()
-
-	return len(c.ipList)
+	return c.value
 }

 // List implements stats.OnlineMap.
@@ -37,18 +35,23 @@ func (c *OnlineMap) List() []string {

 // AddIP implements stats.OnlineMap.
 func (c *OnlineMap) AddIP(ip string) {
+	list := c.ipList
+
 	if ip == "127.0.0.1" {
 		return
 	}
-
-	c.access.Lock()
-	c.ipList[ip] = time.Now()
-	c.access.Unlock()
-
+	if _, ok := list[ip]; !ok {
+		c.access.Lock()
+		list[ip] = time.Now()
+		c.access.Unlock()
+	}
 	if time.Since(c.lastCleanup) > c.cleanupPeriod {
-		c.RemoveExpiredIPs()
+		list = c.RemoveExpiredIPs(list)
 		c.lastCleanup = time.Now()
 	}
+
+	c.value = len(list)
+	c.ipList = list
 }

 func (c *OnlineMap) GetKeys() []string {
@@ -62,24 +65,16 @@ func (c *OnlineMap) GetKeys() []string {
 	return keys
 }

-func (c *OnlineMap) RemoveExpiredIPs() {
+func (c *OnlineMap) RemoveExpiredIPs(list map[string]time.Time) map[string]time.Time {
 	c.access.Lock()
 	defer c.access.Unlock()

 	now := time.Now()
-	for k, t := range c.ipList {
+	for k, t := range list {
 		diff := now.Sub(t)
 		if diff.Seconds() > 20 {
-			delete(c.ipList, k)
+			delete(list, k)
 		}
 	}
-}
-
-func (c *OnlineMap) IpTimeMap() map[string]time.Time {
-	if time.Since(c.lastCleanup) > c.cleanupPeriod {
-		c.RemoveExpiredIPs()
-		c.lastCleanup = time.Now()
-	}
-
-	return c.ipList
+	return list
 }
--- a/app/version/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/version/config.pb.go
@@ -1,152 +0,0 @@
-// Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
-// versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
-// source: app/version/config.proto
-
-package version
-
-import (
-	protoreflect "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
-	protoimpl "google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl"
-	reflect "reflect"
-	sync "sync"
-)
-
-const (
-	// Verify that this generated code is sufficiently up-to-date.
-	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(20 - protoimpl.MinVersion)
-	// Verify that runtime/protoimpl is sufficiently up-to-date.
-	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 20)
-)
-
-type Config struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	CoreVersion string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=core_version,json=coreVersion,proto3" json:"core_version,omitempty"`
-	MinVersion  string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=min_version,json=minVersion,proto3" json:"min_version,omitempty"`
-	MaxVersion  string `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=max_version,json=maxVersion,proto3" json:"max_version,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *Config) Reset() {
-	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_version_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *Config) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_version_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use Config.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetCoreVersion() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.CoreVersion
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetMinVersion() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.MinVersion
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetMaxVersion() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.MaxVersion
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-var File_app_version_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
-
-var file_app_version_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
-	0x0a, 0x18, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f,
-	0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x10, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x22, 0x6d, 0x0a, 0x06,
-	0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x21, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x5f, 0x76,
-	0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0b, 0x63, 0x6f,
-	0x72, 0x65, 0x56, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x12, 0x1f, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x6e,
-	0x5f, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0a,
-	0x6d, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x56, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x12, 0x1f, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x6d, 0x61,
-	0x78, 0x5f, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52,
-	0x0a, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x78, 0x56, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63,
-	0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73,
-	0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f,
-	0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65,
-	0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x76, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58,
-	0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x56, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x62,
-	0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
-}
-
-var (
-	file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescOnce sync.Once
-	file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescData = file_app_version_config_proto_rawDesc
-)
-
-func file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
-	file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescOnce.Do(func() {
-		file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescData = protoimpl.X.CompressGZIP(file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescData)
-	})
-	return file_app_version_config_proto_rawDescData
-}
-
-var file_app_version_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 1)
-var file_app_version_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*Config)(nil), // 0: xray.app.version.Config
-}
-var file_app_version_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	0, // [0:0] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	0, // [0:0] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	0, // [0:0] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	0, // [0:0] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0, // [0:0] is the sub-list for field type_name
-}
-
-func init() { file_app_version_config_proto_init() }
-func file_app_version_config_proto_init() {
-	if File_app_version_config_proto != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	type x struct{}
-	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
-		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
-			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
-			RawDescriptor: file_app_version_config_proto_rawDesc,
-			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   1,
-			NumExtensions: 0,
-			NumServices:   0,
-		},
-		GoTypes:           file_app_version_config_proto_goTypes,
-		DependencyIndexes: file_app_version_config_proto_depIdxs,
-		MessageInfos:      file_app_version_config_proto_msgTypes,
-	}.Build()
-	File_app_version_config_proto = out.File
-	file_app_version_config_proto_rawDesc = nil
-	file_app_version_config_proto_goTypes = nil
-	file_app_version_config_proto_depIdxs = nil
-}
--- a/app/version/config.proto
+++ b/app/version/config.proto
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-package xray.app.version;
-option csharp_namespace = "Xray.App.Version";
-option go_package = "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/version";
-option java_package = "com.xray.app.version";
-option java_multiple_files = true;
-
-
-message Config {
-  string core_version = 1;
-  string min_version = 2;
-  string max_version = 3;
-}
--- a/app/version/version.go
+++ b/app/version/version.go
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-package version
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-type Version struct {
-	config *Config
-	ctx    context.Context
-}
-
-func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Version, error) {
-	if config.MinVersion != "" {
-		result, err := compareVersions(config.MinVersion, config.CoreVersion)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if result > 0 {
-			return nil, errors.New("this config must be run on version ", config.MinVersion, " or higher")
-		}
-	}
-	if config.MaxVersion != "" {
-		result, err := compareVersions(config.MaxVersion, config.CoreVersion)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if result < 0 {
-			return nil, errors.New("this config should be run on version ", config.MaxVersion, " or lower")
-		}
-	}
-	return &Version{config: config, ctx: ctx}, nil
-}
-
-func compareVersions(v1, v2 string) (int, error) {
-	// Split version strings into components
-	v1Parts := strings.Split(v1, ".")
-	v2Parts := strings.Split(v2, ".")
-
-	// Pad shorter versions with zeros
-	for len(v1Parts) < len(v2Parts) {
-		v1Parts = append(v1Parts, "0")
-	}
-	for len(v2Parts) < len(v1Parts) {
-		v2Parts = append(v2Parts, "0")
-	}
-
-	// Compare each part
-	for i := 0; i < len(v1Parts); i++ {
-		// Convert parts to integers
-		n1, err := strconv.Atoi(v1Parts[i])
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, errors.New("invalid version component ", v1Parts[i], " in ", v1)
-		}
-		n2, err := strconv.Atoi(v2Parts[i])
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, errors.New("invalid version component ", v2Parts[i], " in ", v2)
-		}
-
-		if n1 < n2 {
-			return -1, nil // v1 < v2
-		}
-		if n1 > n2 {
-			return 1, nil // v1 > v2
-		}
-	}
-	return 0, nil // v1 == v2
-}
-
-func init() {
-	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return New(ctx, config.(*Config))
-	}))
-}
--- a/common/buf/buffer.go
+++ b/common/buf/buffer.go
@@ -13,19 +13,8 @@ const (
 	Size = 8192
 )

-var ErrBufferFull = errors.New("buffer is full")
-
 var pool = bytespool.GetPool(Size)

-// ownership represents the data owner of the buffer.
-type ownership uint8
-
-const (
-	managed ownership = iota
-	unmanaged
-	bytespools
-)
-
 // Buffer is a recyclable allocation of a byte array. Buffer.Release() recycles
 // the buffer into an internal buffer pool, in order to recreate a buffer more
 // quickly.
@@ -33,11 +22,11 @@ type Buffer struct {
 	v         []byte
 	start     int32
 	end       int32
-	ownership ownership
+	unmanaged bool
 	UDP       *net.Destination
 }

-// New creates a Buffer with 0 length and 8K capacity, managed.
+// New creates a Buffer with 0 length and 8K capacity.
 func New() *Buffer {
 	buf := pool.Get().([]byte)
 	if cap(buf) >= Size {
@@ -51,7 +40,7 @@ func New() *Buffer {
 	}
 }

-// NewExisted creates a standard size Buffer with an existed bytearray, managed.
+// NewExisted creates a managed, standard size Buffer with an existed bytearray
 func NewExisted(b []byte) *Buffer {
 	if cap(b) < Size {
 		panic("Invalid buffer")
@@ -68,16 +57,16 @@ func NewExisted(b []byte) *Buffer {
 	}
 }

-// FromBytes creates a Buffer with an existed bytearray, unmanaged.
+// FromBytes creates a Buffer with an existed bytearray
 func FromBytes(b []byte) *Buffer {
 	return &Buffer{
 		v:         b,
 		end:       int32(len(b)),
-		ownership: unmanaged,
+		unmanaged: true,
 	}
 }

-// StackNew creates a new Buffer object on stack, managed.
+// StackNew creates a new Buffer object on stack.
 // This method is for buffers that is released in the same function.
 func StackNew() Buffer {
 	buf := pool.Get().([]byte)
@@ -92,17 +81,9 @@ func StackNew() Buffer {
 	}
 }

-// NewWithSize creates a Buffer with 0 length and capacity with at least the given size, bytespool's.
-func NewWithSize(size int32) *Buffer {
-	return &Buffer{
-		v:         bytespool.Alloc(size),
-		ownership: bytespools,
-	}
-}
-
 // Release recycles the buffer into an internal buffer pool.
 func (b *Buffer) Release() {
-	if b == nil || b.v == nil || b.ownership == unmanaged {
+	if b == nil || b.v == nil || b.unmanaged {
 		return
 	}

@@ -110,13 +91,8 @@ func (b *Buffer) Release() {
 	b.v = nil
 	b.Clear()

-	switch b.ownership {
-	case managed:
-		if cap(p) == Size {
-			pool.Put(p)
-		}
-	case bytespools:
-		bytespool.Free(p)
+	if cap(p) == Size {
+		pool.Put(p)
 	}
 	b.UDP = nil
 }
@@ -144,7 +120,7 @@ func (b *Buffer) Bytes() []byte {
 }

 // Extend increases the buffer size by n bytes, and returns the extended part.
-// It panics if result size is larger than size of this buffer.
+// It panics if result size is larger than buf.Size.
 func (b *Buffer) Extend(n int32) []byte {
 	end := b.end + n
 	if end > int32(len(b.v)) {
@@ -152,7 +128,6 @@ func (b *Buffer) Extend(n int32) []byte {
 	}
 	ext := b.v[b.end:end]
 	b.end = end
-	clear(ext)
 	return ext
 }

@@ -201,7 +176,6 @@ func (b *Buffer) Check() {

 // Resize cuts the buffer at the given position.
 func (b *Buffer) Resize(from, to int32) {
-	oldEnd := b.end
 	if from < 0 {
 		from += b.Len()
 	}
@@ -214,9 +188,6 @@ func (b *Buffer) Resize(from, to int32) {
 	b.end = b.start + to
 	b.start += from
 	b.Check()
-	if b.end > oldEnd {
-		clear(b.v[oldEnd:b.end])
-	}
 }

 // Advance cuts the buffer at the given position.
@@ -244,12 +215,11 @@ func (b *Buffer) Cap() int32 {
 	return int32(len(b.v))
 }

-// Available returns the available capacity of the buffer content.
-func (b *Buffer) Available() int32 {
-	if b == nil {
-		return 0
+// NewWithSize creates a Buffer with 0 length and capacity with at least the given size.
+func NewWithSize(size int32) *Buffer {
+	return &Buffer{
+		v: bytespool.Alloc(size),
 	}
-	return int32(len(b.v)) - b.end
 }

 // IsEmpty returns true if the buffer is empty.
@@ -266,16 +236,13 @@ func (b *Buffer) IsFull() bool {
 func (b *Buffer) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
 	nBytes := copy(b.v[b.end:], data)
 	b.end += int32(nBytes)
-	if nBytes < len(data) {
-		return nBytes, ErrBufferFull
-	}
 	return nBytes, nil
 }

 // WriteByte writes a single byte into the buffer.
 func (b *Buffer) WriteByte(v byte) error {
 	if b.IsFull() {
-		return ErrBufferFull
+		return errors.New("buffer full")
 	}
 	b.v[b.end] = v
 	b.end++
--- a/common/buf/io.go
+++ b/common/buf/io.go
@@ -24,59 +24,9 @@ var ErrReadTimeout = errors.New("IO timeout")

 // TimeoutReader is a reader that returns error if Read() operation takes longer than the given timeout.
 type TimeoutReader interface {
-	Reader
 	ReadMultiBufferTimeout(time.Duration) (MultiBuffer, error)
 }

-type TimeoutWrapperReader struct {
-	Reader
-	stats.Counter
-	mb   MultiBuffer
-	err  error
-	done chan struct{}
-}
-
-func (r *TimeoutWrapperReader) ReadMultiBuffer() (MultiBuffer, error) {
-	if r.done != nil {
-		<-r.done
-		r.done = nil
-		if r.Counter != nil {
-			r.Counter.Add(int64(r.mb.Len()))
-		}
-		return r.mb, r.err
-	}
-	r.mb, r.err = r.Reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
-	if r.Counter != nil {
-		r.Counter.Add(int64(r.mb.Len()))
-	}
-	return r.mb, r.err
-}
-
-func (r *TimeoutWrapperReader) ReadMultiBufferTimeout(duration time.Duration) (MultiBuffer, error) {
-	if r.done == nil {
-		r.done = make(chan struct{})
-		go func() {
-			r.mb, r.err = r.Reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
-			close(r.done)
-		}()
-	}
-	timeout := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		time.Sleep(duration)
-		close(timeout)
-	}()
-	select {
-	case <-r.done:
-		r.done = nil
-		if r.Counter != nil {
-			r.Counter.Add(int64(r.mb.Len()))
-		}
-		return r.mb, r.err
-	case <-timeout:
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-}
-
 // Writer extends io.Writer with MultiBuffer.
 type Writer interface {
 	// WriteMultiBuffer writes a MultiBuffer into underlying writer.
--- a/common/buf/multi_buffer.go
+++ b/common/buf/multi_buffer.go
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func Compact(mb MultiBuffer) MultiBuffer {

 	for i := 1; i < len(mb); i++ {
 		curr := mb[i]
-		if curr.Len() > last.Available() {
+		if last.Len()+curr.Len() > Size {
 			mb2 = append(mb2, last)
 			last = curr
 		} else {
--- a/common/buf/multi_buffer_test.go
+++ b/common/buf/multi_buffer_test.go
@@ -175,29 +175,6 @@ func TestCompact(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestCompactWithConsumed(t *testing.T) {
-	// make a consumed buffer (a.Start != 0)
-	a := New()
-	for range 8192 {
-		common.Must2(a.WriteString("a"))
-	}
-	a.Read(make([]byte, 2))
-
-	b := New()
-	for range 2 {
-		common.Must2(b.WriteString("b"))
-	}
-
-	mb := MultiBuffer{a, b}
-	cmb := Compact(mb)
-	mbc := &MultiBufferContainer{mb}
-	mbc.Read(make([]byte, 8190))
-
-	if w := cmb.String(); w != "bb" {
-		t.Error("unexpected Compact result ", w)
-	}
-}
-
 func BenchmarkSplitBytes(b *testing.B) {
 	var mb MultiBuffer
 	raw := make([]byte, Size)
--- a/common/buf/writer.go
+++ b/common/buf/writer.go
@@ -75,10 +75,9 @@ func (w *BufferToBytesWriter) ReadFrom(reader io.Reader) (int64, error) {
 // BufferedWriter is a Writer with internal buffer.
 type BufferedWriter struct {
 	sync.Mutex
-	writer    Writer
-	buffer    *Buffer
-	buffered  bool
-	flushNext bool
+	writer   Writer
+	buffer   *Buffer
+	buffered bool
 }

 // NewBufferedWriter creates a new BufferedWriter.
@@ -162,12 +161,6 @@ func (w *BufferedWriter) WriteMultiBuffer(b MultiBuffer) error {
 		}
 	}

-	if w.flushNext {
-		w.buffered = false
-		w.flushNext = false
-		return w.flushInternal()
-	}
-
 	return nil
 }

@@ -208,13 +201,6 @@ func (w *BufferedWriter) SetBuffered(f bool) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// SetFlushNext will wait the next WriteMultiBuffer to flush and set buffered = false
-func (w *BufferedWriter) SetFlushNext() {
-	w.Lock()
-	defer w.Unlock()
-	w.flushNext = true
-}
-
 // ReadFrom implements io.ReaderFrom.
 func (w *BufferedWriter) ReadFrom(reader io.Reader) (int64, error) {
 	if err := w.SetBuffered(false); err != nil {
--- a/common/common.go
+++ b/common/common.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"go/build"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"reflect"
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
@@ -24,9 +23,7 @@ func Must(err error) {
 }

 // Must2 panics if the second parameter is not nil, otherwise returns the first parameter.
-// This is useful when function returned "sth, err" and avoid many "if err != nil"
-// Internal usage only, if user input can cause err, it must be handled
-func Must2[T any](v T, err error) T {
+func Must2(v interface{}, err error) interface{} {
 	Must(err)
 	return v
 }
@@ -41,7 +38,7 @@ func Error2(v interface{}, err error) error {
 func envFile() (string, error) {
 	if file := os.Getenv("GOENV"); file != "" {
 		if file == "off" {
-			return "", errors.New("GOENV=off")
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("GOENV=off")
 		}
 		return file, nil
 	}
@@ -50,7 +47,7 @@ func envFile() (string, error) {
 		return "", err
 	}
 	if dir == "" {
-		return "", errors.New("missing user-config dir")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("missing user-config dir")
 	}
 	return filepath.Join(dir, "go", "env"), nil
 }
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@ func GetRuntimeEnv(key string) (string, error) {
 		return "", err
 	}
 	if file == "" {
-		return "", errors.New("missing runtime env file")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("missing runtime env file")
 	}
 	var data []byte
 	var runtimeEnv string
@@ -154,14 +151,3 @@ func GetModuleName(pathToProjectRoot string) (string, error) {
 	}
 	return moduleName, fmt.Errorf("no `go.mod` file in every parent directory of `%s`", pathToProjectRoot)
 }
-
-// CloseIfExists call obj.Close() if obj is not nil.
-func CloseIfExists(obj any) error {
-	if obj != nil {
-		v := reflect.ValueOf(obj)
-		if !v.IsNil() {
-			return Close(obj)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/common/crypto/aes.go
+++ b/common/crypto/aes.go
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ func NewAesCTRStream(key []byte, iv []byte) cipher.Stream {

 // NewAesGcm creates a AEAD cipher based on AES-GCM.
 func NewAesGcm(key []byte) cipher.AEAD {
-	block := common.Must2(aes.NewCipher(key))
-	aead := common.Must2(cipher.NewGCM(block))
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	common.Must(err)
+	aead, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	common.Must(err)
 	return aead
 }
--- a/common/crypto/auth_test.go
+++ b/common/crypto/auth_test.go
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package crypto_test

 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"crypto/aes"
+	"crypto/cipher"
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"io"
 	"testing"
@@ -16,8 +18,11 @@ import (
 func TestAuthenticationReaderWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	key := make([]byte, 16)
 	rand.Read(key)
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	common.Must(err)

-	aead := NewAesGcm(key)
+	aead, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	common.Must(err)

 	const payloadSize = 1024 * 80
 	rawPayload := make([]byte, payloadSize)
@@ -66,7 +71,7 @@ func TestAuthenticationReaderWriter(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error(r)
 	}

-	_, err := reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
+	_, err = reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
 	if err != io.EOF {
 		t.Error("error: ", err)
 	}
@@ -75,8 +80,11 @@ func TestAuthenticationReaderWriter(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAuthenticationReaderWriterPacket(t *testing.T) {
 	key := make([]byte, 16)
 	common.Must2(rand.Read(key))
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	common.Must(err)

-	aead := NewAesGcm(key)
+	aead, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	common.Must(err)

 	cache := buf.New()
 	iv := make([]byte, 12)
--- a/common/crypto/crypto.go
+++ b/common/crypto/crypto.go
@@ -1,18 +1,2 @@
 // Package crypto provides common crypto libraries for Xray.
 package crypto // import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/crypto"
-
-import (
-	"crypto/rand"
-	"math/big"
-)
-
-func RandBetween(from int64, to int64) int64 {
-	if from == to {
-		return from
-	}
-	if from > to {
-		from, to = to, from
-	}
-	bigInt, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, big.NewInt(to-from))
-	return from + bigInt.Int64()
-}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More