Add prefix match

Add H2 path support for fallback
2025-12-18 21:24:37 +03:00 · 2024-07-06 06:12:12 +00:00 · 2024-07-04 19:59:18 +00:00
546 changed files with 18422 additions and 20742 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@@ -7,22 +7,22 @@ body:
      description: |-
        Please check all of the following options to prove that you have read and understood the requirements, otherwise this issue will be closed.
      options:
-        - label: I have read all the comments in the issue template and ensured that this issue meet the requirements.
-          required: true
        - label: I confirm that I have read the documentation, understand the meaning of all the configuration items I wrote, and did not pile up seemingly useful options or default values.
          required: true
        - label: I provided the complete config and logs, rather than just providing the truncated parts based on my own judgment.
          required: true
        - label: I searched issues and did not find any similar issues.
          required: true
-        - label: The problem can be successfully reproduced in the latest Release
-          required: true
+  - type: input
+    attributes:
+      label: Version
+      description: Version of Xray-core
+    validations:
+      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Description
-      description: |-
-        Please provide a detailed description of the error. And the information you think valuable.
-        If the problem occurs after the update, please provide the **specific** version
+      description: Please provide a detailed description of the error. And the information you think valuable.
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ body:
        ### For config
        Please provide the configuration files that can reproduce the problem, including the server and client.
        Don't just paste a big exported config file here. Eliminate useless inbound/outbound, rules, options, this can help determine the problem, if you really want to get help.
-        After removing parts that do not affect reproduction, provide the actual running **complete** file.
-        meaning of complete: This config can be directly used to start the core, **not a truncated part of the config**. For fields like keys, use newly generated valid parameters that have not been actually used to fill in.

        ### For logs
        Please set the log level to debug and dnsLog to true first.
@@ -50,29 +48,42 @@ body:
        Provide the log of Xray-core, not the log output by the panel or other things.

        ### Finally
-        The specific content to be filled in each of the following text boxes needs to be placed between ```<details><pre><code>``` and ```</code></pre></details>```, like this
-        ```
-        <details><pre><code>
-        (config)
-        </code></pre></details>
-        ```
+        After removing parts that do not affect reproduction, provide the actual running **complete** file, do not only provide inbound or outbound or a few lines of logs based on your own judgment.
+        Put the content between the preset ```<details><pre><code>``` ```</code></pre></details>``` in the text box.
+        If the problem is very clear that only related to one end (such as core startup failure/crash after correctly writing the config according to the documents), N/A can be filled in for unnecessary areas below.
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Client config
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Server config
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Client log
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: Server log
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_zh.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_zh.yml
@@ -7,22 +7,22 @@ body:
      description: |-
        请勾选以下所有选项以证明您已经阅读并理解了以下要求，否则该 issue 将被关闭。
      options:
-        - label: 我读完了 issue 模板中的所有注释，确保填写符合要求。
-          required: true
        - label: 我保证阅读了文档，了解所有我编写的配置文件项的含义，而不是大量堆砌看似有用的选项或默认值。
          required: true
        - label: 我提供了完整的配置文件和日志，而不是出于自己的判断只给出截取的部分。
          required: true
-        - label: 我搜索了 issues, 没有发现已提出的类似问题。
-          required: true
-        - label: 问题在 Release 最新的版本上可以成功复现
+        - label: 我搜索了issues，没有发现已提出的类似问题。
          required: true
+  - type: input
+    attributes:
+      label: 版本
+      description: 使用的Xray-core版本
+    validations:
+      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 描述
-      description: |-
-        请提供错误的详细描述。以及你认为有价值的信息。
-        如果问题在更新后出现，请提供**具体**出现问题的版本号。
+      description: 请提供错误的详细描述。以及你认为有价值的信息。
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ body:
        ### 对于配置文件
        请提供可以重现问题的配置文件，包括服务端和客户端。
        不要直接在这里黏贴一大段导出的 config 文件。去掉无用的出入站、规则、选项，这可以帮助确定问题，如果你真的想得到帮助。
-        在去掉不影响复现的部分后，提供实际运行的**完整**文件。
-        完整的含义：可以直接使用这个配置启动核心，**不是截取的部分配置**。对于密钥等参数使用重新生成未实际使用的有效参数填充。
        
        ### 对于日志
        请先将日志等级设置为 debug, dnsLog 设置为true.
@@ -50,29 +48,42 @@ body:
        提供 Xray-core 的日志，而不是面板或者别的东西输出的日志。

        ### 最后
-        把下面的每格具体内容需要放在 ```<details><pre><code>``` 和 ```</code></pre></details>``` 中间，如
-        ```
-        <details><pre><code>
-        (config)
-        </code></pre></details>
-        ```
+        在去掉不影响复现的部分后，提供实际运行的**完整**文件，不要出于自己的判断只提供入站出站或者几行日志。
+        把内容放在文本框预置的 ```<details><pre><code>``` 和 ```</code></pre></details>``` 中间。
+        如果问题十分明确只出现在某一端(如按文档正确编写配置后核心启动失败/崩溃)，可以在下面不需要的项目填入N/A.
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 客户端配置
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 服务端配置
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 客户端日志
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    attributes:
      label: 服务端日志
+      value: |-
+        <details><pre><code>
+
+        </code></pre></details>
    validations:
      required: true
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-contact_links:
-  - name: Community Support and Questions
-    url: https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions
-    about: Please ask and answer questions there. The issue tracker is for issues with core.
--- a/.github/docker/Dockerfile
+++ b/.github/docker/Dockerfile
@@ -1,62 +1,22 @@
-# syntax=docker/dockerfile:latest
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:latest AS build
-
-# Build xray-core
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:alpine AS build
 WORKDIR /src
 COPY . .
-ARG TARGETOS
-ARG TARGETARCH
+ARG TARGETOS TARGETARCH
 RUN GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main

-# Download geodat into a staging directory
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geoip.dat /tmp/geodat/geoip.dat
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geosite.dat /tmp/geodat/geosite.dat
+FROM --platform=${TARGETPLATFORM} alpine:latest
+WORKDIR /root
+COPY .github/docker/files/config.json /etc/xray/config.json
+COPY --from=build /src/xray /usr/bin/xray
+RUN set -ex \
+	&& apk add --no-cache tzdata ca-certificates \
+	&& mkdir -p /var/log/xray /usr/share/xray \
+    && chmod +x /usr/bin/xray \
+	&& wget -O /usr/share/xray/geosite.dat https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geosite.dat \
+	&& wget -O /usr/share/xray/geoip.dat https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat

-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/empty
-
-# Create config files with empty JSON content
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray
-RUN cat <<EOF >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/00_log.json
-{
-  "log": {
-    "error": "/var/log/xray/error.log",
-    "loglevel": "warning",
-    "access": "none",
-    "dnsLog": false
-  }
-}
-EOF
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/01_api.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/02_dns.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/03_routing.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/04_policy.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/05_inbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/06_outbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/07_transport.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/08_stats.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/09_reverse.json
-
-# Create log files
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/var/log/xray && touch \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/access.log \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/error.log
-
-# Build finally image
-FROM gcr.io/distroless/static:nonroot
-
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /src/xray /usr/local/bin/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/share/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/geodat/*.dat /usr/local/share/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/etc/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/*.json /usr/local/etc/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /var/log/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=65532:65532 --chmod=600 /tmp/var/log/xray/*.log /var/log/xray/
-
-VOLUME /usr/local/etc/xray
-VOLUME /var/log/xray
-
-ARG TZ=Etc/UTC
-ENV TZ=$TZ
-
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/xray" ]
-CMD [ "-confdir", "/usr/local/etc/xray/" ]
+VOLUME /etc/xray
+ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/bin/xray" ]
+CMD [ "-config", "/etc/xray/config.json" ]
--- a/.github/docker/Dockerfile.usa
+++ b/.github/docker/Dockerfile.usa
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-# syntax=docker/dockerfile:latest
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:latest AS build
-
-# Build xray-core
-WORKDIR /src
-COPY . .
-ARG TARGETOS
-ARG TARGETARCH
-RUN GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
-
-# Download geodat into a staging directory
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geoip.dat /tmp/geodat/geoip.dat
-ADD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/release/geosite.dat /tmp/geodat/geosite.dat
-
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/empty
-
-# Create config files with empty JSON content
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray
-RUN cat <<EOF >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/00_log.json
-{
-  "log": {
-    "error": "/var/log/xray/error.log",
-    "loglevel": "warning",
-    "access": "none",
-    "dnsLog": false
-  }
-}
-EOF
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/01_api.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/02_dns.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/03_routing.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/04_policy.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/05_inbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/06_outbounds.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/07_transport.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/08_stats.json
-RUN echo '{}' >/tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/09_reverse.json
-
-# Create log files
-RUN mkdir -p /tmp/var/log/xray && touch \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/access.log \
-  /tmp/var/log/xray/error.log
-
-# Build finally image
-# Note on Distroless Base Image and Architecture Support:
-# - The official 'gcr.io/distroless/static' image provided by Google only supports a limited set of architectures for Linux:
-#   - linux/amd64
-#   - linux/arm/v7
-#   - linux/arm64/v8
-#   - linux/ppc64le
-#   - linux/s390x
-# - Upon inspection, the blob contents of the Distroless images across these architectures are nearly identical, with only minor differences in metadata (e.g., 'Architecture' field in the manifest).
-# - Due to this similarity in content, it is feasible to forcibly specify a single platform (e.g., '--platform=linux/amd64') for unsupported architectures, as the core image content remains compatible with statically compiled binaries like Go applications.
-FROM --platform=linux/amd64 gcr.io/distroless/static:nonroot
-
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /src/xray /usr/local/bin/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/share/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/geodat/*.dat /usr/local/share/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /usr/local/etc/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=644 /tmp/usr/local/etc/xray/*.json /usr/local/etc/xray/
-COPY --from=build --chown=0:0 --chmod=755 /tmp/empty /var/log/xray
-COPY --from=build --chown=65532:65532 --chmod=600 /tmp/var/log/xray/*.log /var/log/xray/
-
-VOLUME /usr/local/etc/xray
-VOLUME /var/log/xray
-
-ARG TZ=Etc/UTC
-ENV TZ=$TZ
-
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/xray" ]
-CMD [ "-confdir", "/usr/local/etc/xray/" ]
--- a/.github/docker/files/config.json
+++ b/.github/docker/files/config.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "inbounds": [{
+    "port": 9000,
+    "protocol": "vmess",
+    "settings": {
+      "clients": [
+        {
+          "id": "1eb6e917-774b-4a84-aff6-b058577c60a5",
+          "level": 1
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  }],
+  "outbounds": [{
+    "protocol": "freedom",
+    "settings": {}
+  }]
+}
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -1,133 +1,48 @@
-name: Build and Push Docker Image
+name: Build docker image

 on:
  release:
-    types:
-      - published
-      - released
-
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      tag:
-        description: "Docker image tag:"
-        required: true
-      latest:
-        description: "Set to latest"
-        type: boolean
-        default: false
+    types: [published]
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main

 jobs:
-  build-and-push:
-    if: (github.event.action != 'published') || (github.event.action == 'published' && github.event.release.prerelease == true)
+  build-image:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
-      contents: read
      packages: write
-
    steps:
-      - name: Set repository and image name to lowercase
-        env:
-          IMAGE_NAME: "${{ github.repository }}"
-        run: |
-          echo "IMAGE_NAME=${IMAGE_NAME,,}" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "FULL_IMAGE_NAME=ghcr.io/${IMAGE_NAME,,}" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-
-      - name: Validate and extract tag
-        run: |
-          SOURCE_TAG="${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}"
-          if [[ -z "$SOURCE_TAG" ]]; then
-            SOURCE_TAG="${{ github.ref_name }}"
-          fi
-          if [[ -z "$SOURCE_TAG" ]]; then
-            SOURCE_TAG="${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}"
-          fi
-
-          if [[ -z "$SOURCE_TAG" ]]; then
-            echo "Error: Could not determine a valid tag source. Input tag and context tag (github.ref_name) are both empty."
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          if [[ "$SOURCE_TAG" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9] ]]; then
-            IMAGE_TAG="${SOURCE_TAG#v}"
-          else
-            IMAGE_TAG="$SOURCE_TAG"
-          fi
-
-          echo "Docker image tag: '$IMAGE_TAG'."
-          echo "IMAGE_TAG=$IMAGE_TAG" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-
-          LATEST=false
-          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "release" && "${{ github.event.release.prerelease }}" == "false" ]] || [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_dispatch" && "${{ github.event.inputs.latest }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            LATEST=true
-          fi
-
-          echo "Latest: '$LATEST'."
-          echo "LATEST=$LATEST" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
-
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v5
-
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Docker metadata
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/xray-core
+          flavor: latest=true
+          tags: |
+            type=sha
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=ref,event=pr
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Build Docker image (main architectures)
-        id: build_main_arches
+      - # Add support for more platforms with QEMU (optional)
+        # https://github.com/docker/setup-qemu-action
+        name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Build and push
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
        with:
          context: .
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile
-          platforms: |
-            linux/amd64
-            linux/arm/v7
-            linux/arm64/v8
-            linux/ppc64le
-            linux/s390x
-          provenance: false
-          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
-
-      - name: Build Docker image (additional architectures)
-        id: build_additional_arches
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
-        with:
-          context: .
-          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile.usa
-          platforms: |
-            linux/386
-            linux/arm/v6
-            linux/riscv64
-            linux/loong64
-          provenance: false
-          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
-
-      - name: Create manifest list and push
-        run: |
-          echo "Creating multi-arch manifest with tag: '${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}'."
-          docker buildx imagetools create \
-            --tag ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }} \
-            ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}@${{ steps.build_main_arches.outputs.digest }} \
-            ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}@${{ steps.build_additional_arches.outputs.digest }}
-
-          if [[ "${{ env.LATEST }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            echo "Adding 'latest' tag to manifest: '${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:latest'."
-            docker buildx imagetools create \
-            --tag ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:latest \
-            ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}
-          fi
-
-      - name: Inspect image
-        run: |
-          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}
-
-          if [[ "${{ env.LATEST }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}:latest
-          fi
+          push: true
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
--- a/.github/workflows/release-win7.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-win7.yml
@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-name: Build and Release for Windows 7
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
-  push:
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-
-jobs:
-  check-assets:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Check Assets Existence
-        id: check-assets
-        run: |
-          [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-          LIST=('geoip.dat' 'geosite.dat')
-          for FILE_NAME in "${LIST[@]}"
-          do
-            echo -e "Checking ${FILE_NAME}..."
-            if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ]; then
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} exists."
-            else
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} does not exist."
-              echo "missing=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              break
-            fi
-          done
-
-      - name: Sleep for 90 seconds if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        run: sleep 90
-
-  build:
-    needs: check-assets
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          # BEGIN Windows 7
-          - goos: windows
-            goarch: amd64
-            assetname: win7-64
-          - goos: windows
-            goarch: 386
-            assetname: win7-32
-          # END Windows 7
-      fail-fast: false
-
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos}}
-      GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
-      CGO_ENABLED: 0
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v5
-
-      - name: Show workflow information
-        run: |
-          _NAME=${{ matrix.assetname }}
-          echo "GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}, GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}, RELEASE_NAME: $_NAME"
-          echo "ASSET_NAME=$_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
-        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
-          check-latest: true
-
-      - name: Setup patched builder
-        run: |
-          GOSDK=$(go env GOROOT)
-          rm -r $GOSDK/*
-          cd $GOSDK
-          curl -O -L -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" https://github.com/XTLS/go-win7/releases/latest/download/go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip
-          unzip ./go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip -d $GOSDK
-          rm ./go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip
-
-      - name: Get project dependencies
-        run: go mod download
-
-      - name: Build Xray
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p build_assets
-          COMMID=$(git describe --always --dirty)
-          echo 'Building Xray for Windows 7...'
-          go build -o build_assets/xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-          echo 'CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run "xray.exe -config config.json",0' > build_assets/xray_no_window.vbs
-          echo 'Start-Process -FilePath ".\xray.exe" -ArgumentList "-config .\config.json" -WindowStyle Hidden' > build_assets/xray_no_window.ps1
-          # The line below is for without running conhost.exe version. Commented for not being used. Provided for reference.
-          # go build -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-H windowsgui -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Copy README.md & LICENSE
-        run: |
-          mv -f resources/* build_assets
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/README.md ./build_assets/README.md
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/LICENSE ./build_assets/LICENSE
-
-      - name: Create ZIP archive
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          pushd build_assets || exit 1
-          touch -mt $(date +%Y01010000) *
-          zip -9vr ../Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip .
-          popd || exit 1
-          FILE=./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip
-          DGST=$FILE.dgst
-          for METHOD in {"md5","sha1","sha256","sha512"}
-          do
-            openssl dgst -$METHOD $FILE | sed 's/([^)]*)//g' >>$DGST
-          done
-
-      - name: Change the name
-        run: |
-          mv build_assets Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
-
-      - name: Upload files to Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
-          path: |
-            ./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}/*
-
-      - name: Upload binaries to release
-        uses: svenstaro/upload-release-action@v2
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
-        with:
-          repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          file: ./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip*
-          tag: ${{ github.ref }}
-          file_glob: true
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -1,61 +1,76 @@
 name: Build and Release

+# NOTE: This Github Actions file depends on the Makefile.
+#       Building the correct package requires the correct binaries generated by the Makefile. To 
+#       ensure the correct output, the Makefile must accept the appropriate input and compile the 
+#       correct file with the correct name. If you need to modify this file, please ensure it won't 
+#       disrupt the Makefile.
+
 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
  release:
    types: [published]
  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/release.yml"
  pull_request:
    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/release.yml"
 jobs:
-  check-assets:
+  prepare:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
+      - name: Restore Cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          path: resources
          key: xray-geodat-

-      - name: Check Assets Existence
-        id: check-assets
-        run: |
-          [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-          LIST=('geoip.dat' 'geosite.dat')
-          for FILE_NAME in "${LIST[@]}"
-          do
-            echo -e "Checking ${FILE_NAME}..."
-            if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ]; then
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} exists."
-            else
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} does not exist."
-              echo "missing=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              break
-            fi
-          done
-
-      - name: Trigger Asset Update Workflow if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+      - name: Update Geodat
+        id: update
+        uses: nick-fields/retry@v3
        with:
-          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          script: |
-            const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
-            await github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
-              owner,
-              repo,
-              workflow_id: 'scheduled-assets-update.yml',
-              ref: context.ref
-            });
-            console.log('Triggered scheduled-assets-update.yml due to missing assets on branch:', context.ref);
+          timeout_minutes: 60
+          retry_wait_seconds: 60
+          max_attempts: 60
+          command: |
+            [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
+            LIST=('geoip geoip geoip' 'domain-list-community dlc geosite')
+            for i in "${LIST[@]}"
+            do
+              INFO=($(echo $i | awk 'BEGIN{FS=" ";OFS=" "} {print $1,$2,$3}'))
+              FILE_NAME="${INFO[2]}.dat"
+              echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
+              HASH="$(curl -sL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat.sha256sum" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
+              if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ] && [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ]; then
+                  continue
+              else
+                  echo -e "Downloading https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat..."
+                  curl -L "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat" -o ./resources/${FILE_NAME}
+                  echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
+                  [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ] || { echo -e "The HASH key of ${FILE_NAME} does not match cloud one."; exit 1; }
+                  echo "unhit=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              fi
+            done

-      - name: Sleep for 90 seconds if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        run: sleep 90
+      - name: Save Cache
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        if: ${{ steps.update.outputs.unhit }}
+        with:
+          path: resources
+          key: xray-geodat-${{ github.sha }}-${{ github.run_number }}

  build:
-    needs: check-assets
+    needs: prepare
    permissions:
      contents: write
    strategy:
@@ -63,13 +78,12 @@ jobs:
        # Include amd64 on all platforms.
        goos: [windows, freebsd, openbsd, linux, darwin]
        goarch: [amd64, 386]
-        patch-assetname: [""]
        exclude:
          # Exclude i386 on darwin
          - goarch: 386
            goos: darwin
        include:
-          # BEGIN MacOS ARM64
+          # BEIGIN MacOS ARM64
          - goos: darwin
            goarch: arm64
          # END MacOS ARM64
@@ -88,11 +102,6 @@ jobs:
          - goos: android
            goarch: arm64
          # END Android ARM 8
-          # BEGIN Android AMD64
-          - goos: android
-            goarch: amd64
-            patch-assetname: android-amd64
-          # END Android AMD64
          # Windows ARM
          - goos: windows
            goarch: arm64
@@ -153,60 +162,30 @@ jobs:
      CGO_ENABLED: 0
    steps:
      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4

-      - name: Set up NDK
-        if: matrix.goos == 'android'
+      - name: Show workflow information 
        run: |
-          wget -qO android-ndk.zip https://dl.google.com/android/repository/android-ndk-r28b-linux.zip
-          unzip android-ndk.zip
-          rm android-ndk.zip
-          declare -A arches=(
-            ["amd64"]="x86_64-linux-android24-clang"
-            ["arm64"]="aarch64-linux-android24-clang"
-          )
-          echo CC="$(realpath android-ndk-*/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin)/${arches[${{ matrix.goarch }}]}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo CGO_ENABLED=1 >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Show workflow information
-        run: |
-          _NAME=${{ matrix.patch-assetname }}
-          [ -n "$_NAME" ] || _NAME=$(jq ".[\"$GOOS-$GOARCH$GOARM$GOMIPS\"].friendlyName" -r < .github/build/friendly-filenames.json)
+          export _NAME=$(jq ".[\"$GOOS-$GOARCH$GOARM$GOMIPS\"].friendlyName" -r < .github/build/friendly-filenames.json)
          echo "GOOS: $GOOS, GOARCH: $GOARCH, GOARM: $GOARM, GOMIPS: $GOMIPS, RELEASE_NAME: $_NAME"
          echo "ASSET_NAME=$_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV

      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true

      - name: Get project dependencies
        run: go mod download
-
+      
      - name: Build Xray
        run: |
          mkdir -p build_assets
-          COMMID=$(git describe --always --dirty)
-          if [[ ${GOOS} == 'windows' ]]; then
-            echo 'Building Xray for Windows...'
-            go build -o build_assets/xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            echo 'CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run "xray.exe -config config.json",0' > build_assets/xray_no_window.vbs
-            echo 'Start-Process -FilePath ".\xray.exe" -ArgumentList "-config .\config.json" -WindowStyle Hidden' > build_assets/xray_no_window.ps1
-            # The line below is for without running conhost.exe version. Commented for not being used. Provided for reference.
-            # go build -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-H windowsgui -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-          else
-            echo 'Building Xray...'
-            if [[ ${GOARCH} == 'mips' || ${GOARCH} == 'mipsle' ]]; then
-              go build -o build_assets/xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-              echo 'Building soft-float Xray for MIPS/MIPSLE 32-bit...'
-              GOMIPS=softfloat go build -o build_assets/xray_softfloat -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            else
-              go build -o build_assets/xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            fi
-          fi
+          make
+          find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -regex './\(wxray\|xray\|xray_softfloat\)\(\|.exe\)' -exec mv {} ./build_assets/ \;

-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
+      - name: Restore Cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          path: resources
--- a/.github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-name: Scheduled assets update
-
-# NOTE: This Github Actions is required by other actions, for preparing other packaging assets in a
-#       routine manner, for example: GeoIP/GeoSite.
-#       Currently updating:
-#       - Geodat (GeoIP/Geosite)
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    # Update GeoData on every day (22:30 UTC)
-    - cron: "30 22 * * *"
-  push:
-    # Prevent triggering update request storm
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml"
-  pull_request:
-    # Prevent triggering update request storm
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml"
-
-jobs:
-  geodat:
-    if: github.event.schedule == '30 22 * * *' || github.event_name == 'push'|| github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Update Geodat
-        id: update
-        uses: nick-fields/retry@v3
-        with:
-          timeout_minutes: 60
-          retry_wait_seconds: 60
-          max_attempts: 60
-          command: |
-            [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-            LIST=('Loyalsoldier v2ray-rules-dat geoip geoip' 'Loyalsoldier v2ray-rules-dat geosite geosite')
-            for i in "${LIST[@]}"
-            do
-              INFO=($(echo $i | awk 'BEGIN{FS=" ";OFS=" "} {print $1,$2,$3,$4}'))
-              FILE_NAME="${INFO[3]}.dat"
-              echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
-              HASH="$(curl -sL -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat.sha256sum" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
-              if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ] && [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ]; then
-                  continue
-              else
-                  echo -e "Downloading https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat..."
-                  curl -L -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat" -o ./resources/${FILE_NAME}
-                  echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
-                  [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ] || { echo -e "The HASH key of ${FILE_NAME} does not match cloud one."; exit 1; }
-                  echo "unhit=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              fi
-            done
-
-      - name: Save Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
-        if: ${{ steps.update.outputs.unhit }}
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-${{ github.sha }}-${{ github.run_number }}
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -2,40 +2,23 @@ name: Test

 on:
  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"
  pull_request:
    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"

 jobs:
-  check-assets:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-      - name: Check Assets Existence
-        id: check-assets
-        run: |
-          [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-          LIST=('geoip.dat' 'geosite.dat')
-          for FILE_NAME in "${LIST[@]}"
-          do
-            echo -e "Checking ${FILE_NAME}..."
-            if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ]; then
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} exists."
-            else
-              echo -e "${FILE_NAME} does not exist."
-              echo "missing=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              break
-            fi
-          done
-      - name: Sleep for 90 seconds if Assets Missing
-        if: steps.check-assets.outputs.missing == 'true'
-        run: sleep 90
-
  test:
-    needs: check-assets
    permissions:
      contents: read
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
@@ -45,13 +28,13 @@ jobs:
        os: [windows-latest, ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
+      - name: Restore Cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          path: resources
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -11,23 +11,13 @@
 # Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
 *.out

-# macOS specific files
-.DS_Store
+# Dependency directories (remove the comment below to include it)
+# vendor/

-# IDE/editor specific files
-.idea/
-.vscode/
-*.swp
-*.swo
-
-# Archives and compressed files
+*.DS_Store
+.idea
 *.zip
 *.tar.gz
-*.tar
-*.gz
-*.bz2
-
-# Go build binaries
 xray
 xray_softfloat
 mockgen
@@ -36,33 +26,5 @@ vprotogen
 errorgen
 !common/errors/errorgen/
 *.dat
-
-# Build assets
-/build_assets/
-
-# Output from dlv test
-**/debug.*
-
-# Certificates and keys
-*.crt
-*.key
-
-# Dependency directories (uncomment if needed)
-# vendor/
-
-# Logs
-*.log
-
-# Coverage reports
-coverage.*
-
-# Node modules (in case of frontend assets)
-node_modules/
-
-# System files
-Thumbs.db
-ehthumbs.db
-
-# Other common ignores
-*.bak
-*.tmp
+.vscode
+/build_assets
--- a/37
+++ b/37
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+NAME = xray
+
+VERSION=$(shell git describe --always --dirty)
+
+# NOTE: This MAKEFILE can be used to build Xray-core locally and in Automatic workflows. It is \
+	provided for convinience in automatic building and functions as a part of it.
+# NOTE: If you need to modify this file, please be aware that:\
+	- This file is not the main Makefile; it only accepts environment variables and builds the \
+	binary.\
+	- Automatic building expects the correct binaries to be built by this Makefile. If you \
+	intend to propose a change to this Makefile, carefully review the file below and ensure \
+	that the change will not accidently break the automatic building:\
+		.github/workflows/release.yml \
+	Otherwise it is recommended to contact the project maintainers.
+
+LDFLAGS = -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=$(VERSION) -s -w -buildid=
+PARAMS = -trimpath -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -v
+MAIN = ./main
+PREFIX ?= $(shell go env GOPATH)
+ifeq ($(GOOS),windows)
+OUTPUT = $(NAME).exe
+ADDITION = go build -o w$(NAME).exe -trimpath -ldflags "-H windowsgui $(LDFLAGS)" -v $(MAIN)
+else
+OUTPUT = $(NAME)
+endif
+ifeq ($(shell echo "$(GOARCH)" | grep -Eq "(mips|mipsle)" && echo true),true) # 
+ADDITION = GOMIPS=softfloat go build -o $(NAME)_softfloat -trimpath -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -v $(MAIN)
+endif
+.PHONY: clean build
+
+build:
+	go build -o $(OUTPUT) $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
+	$(ADDITION)
+
+clean:
+	go clean -v -i $(PWD)
+	rm -f xray xray.exe wxray.exe xray_softfloat
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -4,18 +4,6 @@

 [README](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core#readme) is open, so feel free to submit your project [here](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pulls).

-## Donation & NFTs
-
-### [Collect a Project X NFT to support the development of Project X!](https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/1)
-
-[<img alt="Project X NFT" width="150px" src="https://raw2.seadn.io/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/7fa9ce900fb39b44226348db330e32/8b7fa9ce900fb39b44226348db330e32.svg" />](https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/1)
-
- **ETH/USDT/USDC: `0xDc3Fe44F0f25D13CACb1C4896CD0D321df3146Ee`**
- **Project X NFT: https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/1**
- **VLESS NFT: https://opensea.io/collection/vless**
- **REALITY NFT: https://opensea.io/item/ethereum/0x5ee362866001613093361eb8569d59c4141b76d1/2**
- **Related links: [VLESS Post-Quantum Encryption](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pull/5067), [XHTTP: Beyond REALITY](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/4113), [Announcement of NFTs by Project X](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/3633)**
-
 ## License

 [Mozilla Public License Version 2.0](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/LICENSE)
@@ -30,10 +18,6 @@

 [Project X Channel](https://t.me/projectXtls)

-[Project VLESS](https://t.me/projectVless) (Русский)
-
-[Project XHTTP](https://t.me/projectXhttp) (Persian)
-
 ## Installation

 - Linux Script
@@ -42,17 +26,15 @@
 - Docker
  - [ghcr.io/xtls/xray-core](https://ghcr.io/xtls/xray-core) (**Official**)
  - [teddysun/xray](https://hub.docker.com/r/teddysun/xray)
-  - [wulabing/xray_docker](https://github.com/wulabing/xray_docker)
- Web Panel - **WARNING: Please DO NOT USE plain HTTP panels like 3X-UI**, as they are believed to be bribed by Iran GFW for supporting plain HTTP by default and refused to change (https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pull/3884#issuecomment-2439595331), which has already put many users' data security in danger in the past few years. **If you are already using 3X-UI, please switch to the following panels, which are verified to support HTTPS and SSH port forwarding only:**
-  - [X-Panel](https://github.com/xeefei/X-Panel)
-  - [PasarGuard](https://github.com/PasarGuard/panel)
-  - [Remnawave](https://github.com/remnawave/panel)
+- Web Panel
+  - [X-UI-English](https://github.com/NidukaAkalanka/x-ui-english), [3X-UI](https://github.com/MHSanaei/3x-ui), [X-UI](https://github.com/alireza0/x-ui), [X-UI](https://github.com/diditra/x-ui)
+  - [Xray-UI](https://github.com/qist/xray-ui), [X-UI](https://github.com/sing-web/x-ui)
+  - [Hiddify](https://github.com/hiddify/hiddify-config)
  - [Marzban](https://github.com/Gozargah/Marzban)
-  - [Xray-UI](https://github.com/qist/xray-ui)
-  - [Hiddify](https://github.com/hiddify/Hiddify-Manager)
+  - [Libertea](https://github.com/VZiChoushaDui/Libertea)
 - One Click
  - [Xray-REALITY](https://github.com/zxcvos/Xray-script), [xray-reality](https://github.com/sajjaddg/xray-reality), [reality-ezpz](https://github.com/aleskxyz/reality-ezpz)
-  - [Xray_bash_onekey](https://github.com/hello-yunshu/Xray_bash_onekey), [XTool](https://github.com/LordPenguin666/XTool), [VPainLess](https://github.com/vpainless/vpainless)
+  - [Xray_bash_onekey](https://github.com/hello-yunshu/Xray_bash_onekey), [XTool](https://github.com/LordPenguin666/XTool)
  - [v2ray-agent](https://github.com/mack-a/v2ray-agent), [Xray_onekey](https://github.com/wulabing/Xray_onekey), [ProxySU](https://github.com/proxysu/ProxySU)
 - Magisk
  - [Xray4Magisk](https://github.com/Asterisk4Magisk/Xray4Magisk)
@@ -83,99 +65,83 @@
  - [PassWall](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall), [PassWall 2](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall2)
  - [ShadowSocksR Plus+](https://github.com/fw876/helloworld)
  - [luci-app-xray](https://github.com/yichya/luci-app-xray) ([openwrt-xray](https://github.com/yichya/openwrt-xray))
- Asuswrt-Merlin
-  - [XRAYUI](https://github.com/DanielLavrushin/asuswrt-merlin-xrayui)
 - Windows
  - [v2rayN](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN)
+  - [NekoRay](https://github.com/Matsuridayo/nekoray)
  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
+  - [HiddifyN](https://github.com/hiddify/HiddifyN)
  - [Invisible Man - Xray](https://github.com/InvisibleManVPN/InvisibleMan-XRayClient)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
 - Android
  - [v2rayNG](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayNG)
+  - [HiddifyNG](https://github.com/hiddify/HiddifyNG)
  - [X-flutter](https://github.com/XTLS/X-flutter)
-  - [SaeedDev94/Xray](https://github.com/SaeedDev94/Xray)
-  - [SimpleXray](https://github.com/lhear/SimpleXray)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
- iOS & macOS arm64 & tvOS
-  - [Happ](https://apps.apple.com/app/happ-proxy-utility/id6504287215) ([tvOS](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/happ-proxy-utility-for-tv/id6748297274))
+- iOS & macOS arm64
+  - [FoXray](https://apps.apple.com/app/foxray/id6448898396)
  - [Streisand](https://apps.apple.com/app/streisand/id6450534064)
-  - [OneXray](https://github.com/OneXray/OneXray)
 - macOS arm64 & x64
-  - [Happ](https://apps.apple.com/app/happ-proxy-utility/id6504287215)
  - [V2rayU](https://github.com/yanue/V2rayU)
  - [V2RayXS](https://github.com/tzmax/V2RayXS)
  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-  - [OneXray](https://github.com/OneXray/OneXray)
-  - [GoXRay](https://github.com/goxray/desktop)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)
+  - [FoXray](https://apps.apple.com/app/foxray/id6448898396)
 - Linux
  - [v2rayA](https://github.com/v2rayA/v2rayA)
+  - [NekoRay](https://github.com/Matsuridayo/nekoray)
  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-  - [GorzRay](https://github.com/ketetefid/GorzRay)
-  - [GoXRay](https://github.com/goxray/desktop)
-  - [AnyPortal](https://github.com/AnyPortal/AnyPortal)

 ## Others that support VLESS, XTLS, REALITY, XUDP, PLUX...

- iOS & macOS arm64 & tvOS
+- iOS & macOS arm64
  - [Shadowrocket](https://apps.apple.com/app/shadowrocket/id932747118)
-  - [Loon](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/loon/id1373567447)
 - Xray Tools
  - [xray-knife](https://github.com/lilendian0x00/xray-knife)
-  - [xray-checker](https://github.com/kutovoys/xray-checker)
 - Xray Wrapper
  - [XTLS/libXray](https://github.com/XTLS/libXray)
-  - [xtls-sdk](https://github.com/remnawave/xtls-sdk)
  - [xtlsapi](https://github.com/hiddify/xtlsapi)
  - [AndroidLibXrayLite](https://github.com/2dust/AndroidLibXrayLite)
+  - [XrayKit](https://github.com/arror/XrayKit)
  - [Xray-core-python](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Xray-core-python)
  - [xray-api](https://github.com/XVGuardian/xray-api)
 - [XrayR](https://github.com/XrayR-project/XrayR)
  - [XrayR-release](https://github.com/XrayR-project/XrayR-release)
  - [XrayR-V2Board](https://github.com/missuo/XrayR-V2Board)
- Cores
-  - [Amnezia VPN](https://github.com/amnezia-vpn)
-  - [mihomo](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/mihomo)
-  - [sing-box](https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box)
+- [Clash.Meta](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/Clash.Meta)
+  - [Clash Verge](https://github.com/zzzgydi/clash-verge)
+  - [clashN](https://github.com/2dust/clashN)
+  - [Clash Meta for Android](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/ClashMetaForAndroid)
+  - [meta_for_ios](https://t.me/meta_for_ios)
+- [sing-box](https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box)
+  - [installReality](https://github.com/BoxXt/installReality)
+  - [sbox-reality](https://github.com/Misaka-blog/sbox-reality)
+  - [sing-box-for-ios](https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box-for-ios)

 ## Contributing

 [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

-[![Ask DeepWiki](https://deepwiki.com/badge.svg)](https://deepwiki.com/XTLS/Xray-core)
-
 ## Credits

 - [Xray-core v1.0.0](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases/tag/v1.0.0) was forked from [v2fly-core 9a03cc5](https://github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core/commit/9a03cc5c98d04cc28320fcee26dbc236b3291256), and we have made & accumulated a huge number of enhancements over time, check [the release notes for each version](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases).
 - For third-party projects used in [Xray-core](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core), check your local or [the latest go.mod](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/go.mod).

-## One-line Compilation
+## Compilation

 ### Windows (PowerShell)

 ```powershell
 $env:CGO_ENABLED=0
-go build -o xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
+go build -o xray.exe -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
 ```

 ### Linux / macOS

 ```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
+CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
 ```

 ### Reproducible Releases

-Make sure that you are using the same Go version, and remember to set the git commit id (7 bytes):
-
 ```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="all=-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=REPLACE -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-```
-
-If you are compiling a 32-bit MIPS/MIPSLE target, use this command instead:
-
-```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -gcflags="-l=4" -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=REPLACE -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
+make
 ```

 ## Stargazers over time
--- a/app/commander/commander.go
+++ b/app/commander/commander.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package commander

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
--- a/app/commander/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/commander/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/commander/config.proto

 package commander
@@ -38,9 +38,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -96,9 +98,11 @@ type ReflectionConfig struct {

 func (x *ReflectionConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = ReflectionConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ReflectionConfig) String() string {
@@ -109,7 +113,7 @@ func (*ReflectionConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ReflectionConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -162,7 +166,7 @@ func file_app_commander_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_commander_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_commander_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil),              // 0: xray.app.commander.Config
 	(*ReflectionConfig)(nil),    // 1: xray.app.commander.ReflectionConfig
 	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil), // 2: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
@@ -181,6 +185,32 @@ func file_app_commander_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_commander_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ReflectionConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/commander/outbound.go
+++ b/app/commander/outbound.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
 )
@@ -109,13 +108,3 @@ func (co *Outbound) Close() error {
 	co.closed = true
 	return co.listener.Close()
 }
-
-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/dispatcher/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/dispatcher/config.proto

 package dispatcher
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@ type SessionConfig struct {

 func (x *SessionConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = SessionConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SessionConfig) String() string {
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ func (*SessionConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SessionConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -66,9 +68,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ func file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*SessionConfig)(nil), // 0: xray.app.dispatcher.SessionConfig
 	(*Config)(nil),        // 1: xray.app.dispatcher.Config
 }
@@ -153,6 +157,32 @@ func file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dispatcher_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SessionConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/dispatcher/default.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/default.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package dispatcher

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"regexp"
@@ -8,8 +10,8 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
@@ -29,25 +31,21 @@ var errSniffingTimeout = errors.New("timeout on sniffing")

 type cachedReader struct {
 	sync.Mutex
-	reader buf.TimeoutReader // *pipe.Reader or *buf.TimeoutWrapperReader
+	reader *pipe.Reader
 	cache  buf.MultiBuffer
 }

-func (r *cachedReader) Cache(b *buf.Buffer, deadline time.Duration) error {
-	mb, err := r.reader.ReadMultiBufferTimeout(deadline)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+func (r *cachedReader) Cache(b *buf.Buffer) {
+	mb, _ := r.reader.ReadMultiBufferTimeout(time.Millisecond * 100)
 	r.Lock()
 	if !mb.IsEmpty() {
 		r.cache, _ = buf.MergeMulti(r.cache, mb)
 	}
 	b.Clear()
-	rawBytes := b.Extend(min(r.cache.Len(), b.Cap()))
+	rawBytes := b.Extend(buf.Size)
 	n := r.cache.Copy(rawBytes)
 	b.Resize(0, int32(n))
 	r.Unlock()
-	return nil
 }

 func (r *cachedReader) readInternal() buf.MultiBuffer {
@@ -87,9 +85,7 @@ func (r *cachedReader) Interrupt() {
 		r.cache = buf.ReleaseMulti(r.cache)
 	}
 	r.Unlock()
-	if p, ok := r.reader.(*pipe.Reader); ok {
-		p.Interrupt()
-	}
+	r.reader.Interrupt()
 }

 // DefaultDispatcher is a default implementation of Dispatcher.
@@ -98,6 +94,7 @@ type DefaultDispatcher struct {
 	router routing.Router
 	policy policy.Manager
 	stats  stats.Manager
+	dns    dns.Client
 	fdns   dns.FakeDNSEngine
 }

@@ -105,10 +102,10 @@ func init() {
 	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		d := new(DefaultDispatcher)
 		if err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager, dc dns.Client) error {
-			core.OptionalFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
+			core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
 				d.fdns = fdns
 			})
-			return d.Init(config.(*Config), om, router, pm, sm)
+			return d.Init(config.(*Config), om, router, pm, sm, dc)
 		}); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -117,11 +114,12 @@ func init() {
 }

 // Init initializes DefaultDispatcher.
-func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Init(config *Config, om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager) error {
+func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Init(config *Config, om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager, dns dns.Client) error {
 	d.ohm = om
 	d.router = router
 	d.policy = pm
 	d.stats = sm
+	d.dns = dns
 	return nil
 }

@@ -179,64 +177,11 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) getLink(ctx context.Context) (*transport.Link, *tran
 				}
 			}
 		}
-
-		if p.Stats.UserOnline {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online"
-			if om, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterOnlineMap(d.stats, name); om != nil {
-				sessionInbounds := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-				userIP := sessionInbounds.Source.Address.String()
-				om.AddIP(userIP)
-				// log Online user with ips
-				// errors.LogDebug(ctx, "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online", om.Count(), om.List())
-
-			}
-		}
 	}

 	return inboundLink, outboundLink
 }

-func (d *DefaultDispatcher) WrapLink(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) *transport.Link {
-	sessionInbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-	var user *protocol.MemoryUser
-	if sessionInbound != nil {
-		user = sessionInbound.User
-	}
-
-	link.Reader = &buf.TimeoutWrapperReader{Reader: link.Reader}
-
-	if user != nil && len(user.Email) > 0 {
-		p := d.policy.ForLevel(user.Level)
-		if p.Stats.UserUplink {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>traffic>>>uplink"
-			if c, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterCounter(d.stats, name); c != nil {
-				link.Reader.(*buf.TimeoutWrapperReader).Counter = c
-			}
-		}
-		if p.Stats.UserDownlink {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>traffic>>>downlink"
-			if c, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterCounter(d.stats, name); c != nil {
-				link.Writer = &SizeStatWriter{
-					Counter: c,
-					Writer:  link.Writer,
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if p.Stats.UserOnline {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online"
-			if om, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterOnlineMap(d.stats, name); om != nil {
-				sessionInbounds := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-				userIP := sessionInbounds.Source.Address.String()
-				om.AddIP(userIP)
-				// log Online user with ips
-				// errors.LogDebug(ctx, "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online", om.Count(), om.List())
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return link
-}
-
 func (d *DefaultDispatcher) shouldOverride(ctx context.Context, result SniffResult, request session.SniffingRequest, destination net.Destination) bool {
 	domain := result.Domain()
 	if domain == "" {
@@ -357,13 +302,12 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, destination net.De
 		content = new(session.Content)
 		ctx = session.ContextWithContent(ctx, content)
 	}
-	outbound = d.WrapLink(ctx, outbound)
 	sniffingRequest := content.SniffingRequest
 	if !sniffingRequest.Enabled {
 		d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
 	} else {
 		cReader := &cachedReader{
-			reader: outbound.Reader.(buf.TimeoutReader),
+			reader: outbound.Reader.(*pipe.Reader),
 		}
 		outbound.Reader = cReader
 		result, err := sniffer(ctx, cReader, sniffingRequest.MetadataOnly, destination.Network)
@@ -395,7 +339,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, destination net.De
 }

 func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, network net.Network) (SniffResult, error) {
-	payload := buf.NewWithSize(32767)
+	payload := buf.New()
 	defer payload.Release()

 	sniffer := NewSniffer(ctx)
@@ -407,36 +351,26 @@ func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, netw
 	}

 	contentResult, contentErr := func() (SniffResult, error) {
-		cacheDeadline := 200 * time.Millisecond
 		totalAttempt := 0
 		for {
 			select {
 			case <-ctx.Done():
 				return nil, ctx.Err()
 			default:
-				cachingStartingTimeStamp := time.Now()
-				err := cReader.Cache(payload, cacheDeadline)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
+				totalAttempt++
+				if totalAttempt > 2 {
+					return nil, errSniffingTimeout
 				}
-				cachingTimeElapsed := time.Since(cachingStartingTimeStamp)
-				cacheDeadline -= cachingTimeElapsed

+				cReader.Cache(payload)
 				if !payload.IsEmpty() {
 					result, err := sniffer.Sniff(ctx, payload.Bytes(), network)
-					switch err {
-					case common.ErrNoClue: // No Clue: protocol not matches, and sniffer cannot determine whether there will be a match or not
-						totalAttempt++
-					case protocol.ErrProtoNeedMoreData: // Protocol Need More Data: protocol matches, but need more data to complete sniffing
-						// in this case, do not add totalAttempt(allow to read until timeout)
-					default:
+					if err != common.ErrNoClue {
 						return result, err
 					}
-				} else {
-					totalAttempt++
 				}
-				if totalAttempt >= 2 || cacheDeadline <= 0 {
-					return nil, errSniffingTimeout
+				if payload.IsFull() {
+					return nil, errUnknownContent
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -452,6 +386,18 @@ func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, netw
 func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link, destination net.Destination) {
 	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
 	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
+	if hosts, ok := d.dns.(dns.HostsLookup); ok && destination.Address.Family().IsDomain() {
+		proxied := hosts.LookupHosts(ob.Target.String())
+		if proxied != nil {
+			ro := ob.RouteTarget == destination
+			destination.Address = *proxied
+			if ro {
+				ob.RouteTarget = destination
+			} else {
+				ob.Target = destination
+			}
+		}
+	}

 	var handler outbound.Handler

@@ -475,17 +421,10 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.
 			outTag := route.GetOutboundTag()
 			if h := d.ohm.GetHandler(outTag); h != nil {
 				isPickRoute = 2
-				if route.GetRuleTag() == "" {
-					errors.LogInfo(ctx, "taking detour [", outTag, "] for [", destination, "]")
-				} else {
-					errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Hit route rule: [", route.GetRuleTag(), "] so taking detour [", outTag, "] for [", destination, "]")
-				}
+				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "taking detour [", outTag, "] for [", destination, "]")
 				handler = h
 			} else {
 				errors.LogWarning(ctx, "non existing outTag: ", outTag)
-				common.Close(link.Writer)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
-				return // DO NOT CHANGE: the traffic shouldn't be processed by default outbound if the specified outbound tag doesn't exist (yet), e.g., VLESS Reverse Proxy
 			}
 		} else {
 			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "default route for ", destination)
--- a/app/dispatcher/dispatcher.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/dispatcher.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package dispatcher
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/dispatcher/fakednssniffer.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/fakednssniffer.go
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func newFakeDNSSniffer(ctx context.Context) (protocolSnifferWithMetadata, error)
 	}
 	return protocolSnifferWithMetadata{protocolSniffer: func(ctx context.Context, bytes []byte) (SniffResult, error) {
 		outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
-		ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
+		ob := outbounds[len(outbounds) - 1]
 		if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_TCP || ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP {
 			domainFromFakeDNS := fakeDNSEngine.GetDomainFromFakeDNS(ob.Target.Address)
 			if domainFromFakeDNS != "" {
--- a/app/dispatcher/sniffer.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/sniffer.go
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/bittorrent"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/http"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/quic"
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ type Sniffer struct {
 func NewSniffer(ctx context.Context) *Sniffer {
 	ret := &Sniffer{
 		sniffer: []protocolSnifferWithMetadata{
-			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return http.SniffHTTP(b, c) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
+			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return http.SniffHTTP(b) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
 			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return tls.SniffTLS(b) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
 			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return bittorrent.SniffBittorrent(b) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
 			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return quic.SniffQUIC(b) }, false, net.Network_UDP},
@@ -59,17 +58,14 @@ var errUnknownContent = errors.New("unknown content")
 func (s *Sniffer) Sniff(c context.Context, payload []byte, network net.Network) (SniffResult, error) {
 	var pendingSniffer []protocolSnifferWithMetadata
 	for _, si := range s.sniffer {
-		protocolSniffer := si.protocolSniffer
+		s := si.protocolSniffer
 		if si.metadataSniffer || si.network != network {
 			continue
 		}
-		result, err := protocolSniffer(c, payload)
+		result, err := s(c, payload)
 		if err == common.ErrNoClue {
 			pendingSniffer = append(pendingSniffer, si)
 			continue
-		} else if err == protocol.ErrProtoNeedMoreData { // Sniffer protocol matched, but need more data to complete sniffing
-			s.sniffer = []protocolSnifferWithMetadata{si}
-			return nil, err
 		}

 		if err == nil && result != nil {
--- a/app/dns/cache_controller.go
+++ b/app/dns/cache_controller.go
@@ -1,199 +0,0 @@
-package dns
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	go_errors "errors"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
-	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
-	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
-)
-
-type CacheController struct {
-	sync.RWMutex
-	ips             map[string]*record
-	pub             *pubsub.Service
-	cacheCleanup    *task.Periodic
-	name            string
-	disableCache    bool
-	serveStale      bool
-	serveExpiredTTL int32
-}
-
-func NewCacheController(name string, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32) *CacheController {
-	c := &CacheController{
-		name:            name,
-		disableCache:    disableCache,
-		serveStale:      serveStale,
-		serveExpiredTTL: -int32(serveExpiredTTL),
-		ips:             make(map[string]*record),
-		pub:             pubsub.NewService(),
-	}
-
-	c.cacheCleanup = &task.Periodic{
-		Interval: time.Minute,
-		Execute:  c.CacheCleanup,
-	}
-	return c
-}
-
-// CacheCleanup clears expired items from cache
-func (c *CacheController) CacheCleanup() error {
-	now := time.Now()
-	if c.serveStale && c.serveExpiredTTL != 0 {
-		now = now.Add(time.Duration(c.serveExpiredTTL) * time.Second)
-	}
-
-	c.Lock()
-	defer c.Unlock()
-
-	if len(c.ips) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
-	}
-
-	for domain, record := range c.ips {
-		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
-			record.A = nil
-		}
-		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
-			record.AAAA = nil
-		}
-
-		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), c.name, "cache cleanup ", domain)
-			delete(c.ips, domain)
-		} else {
-			c.ips[domain] = record
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(c.ips) == 0 {
-		c.ips = make(map[string]*record)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
-	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
-
-	c.Lock()
-	rec, found := c.ips[req.domain]
-	if !found {
-		rec = &record{}
-	}
-
-	switch req.reqType {
-	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
-		rec.A = ipRec
-	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
-		rec.AAAA = ipRec
-	}
-
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), c.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
-	c.ips[req.domain] = rec
-
-	switch req.reqType {
-	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
-		c.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
-	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
-		c.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
-	}
-
-	c.Unlock()
-	if !c.serveStale || c.serveExpiredTTL != 0 {
-		common.Must(c.cacheCleanup.Start())
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, int32, bool, bool, error) {
-	c.RLock()
-	record, found := c.ips[domain]
-	c.RUnlock()
-
-	if !found {
-		return nil, 0, true, true, errRecordNotFound
-	}
-
-	var errs []error
-	var allIPs []net.IP
-	var rTTL int32 = dns_feature.DefaultTTL
-
-	mergeReq := option.IPv4Enable && option.IPv6Enable
-
-	isARecordExpired := true
-	if option.IPv4Enable {
-		ips, ttl, err := record.A.getIPs()
-		if ttl > 0 {
-			isARecordExpired = false
-		}
-		if !mergeReq {
-			return ips, ttl, isARecordExpired, true, err
-		}
-		if ttl < rTTL {
-			rTTL = ttl
-		}
-		if len(ips) > 0 {
-			allIPs = append(allIPs, ips...)
-		}
-		errs = append(errs, err)
-
-	}
-
-	isAAAARecordExpired := true
-	if option.IPv6Enable {
-		ips, ttl, err := record.AAAA.getIPs()
-		if ttl > 0 {
-			isAAAARecordExpired = false
-		}
-		if !mergeReq {
-			return ips, ttl, true, isAAAARecordExpired, err
-		}
-		if ttl < rTTL {
-			rTTL = ttl
-		}
-		if len(ips) > 0 {
-			allIPs = append(allIPs, ips...)
-		}
-		errs = append(errs, err)
-
-	}
-
-	if go_errors.Is(errs[0], errRecordNotFound) || go_errors.Is(errs[1], errRecordNotFound) {
-		return nil, 0, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, errRecordNotFound
-	}
-
-	if len(allIPs) > 0 {
-		return allIPs, rTTL, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, nil
-	}
-	if go_errors.Is(errs[0], errs[1]) {
-		return nil, rTTL, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, errs[0]
-	}
-	return nil, rTTL, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, errors.Combine(errs...)
-}
-
-func (c *CacheController) registerSubscribers(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) (sub4 *pubsub.Subscriber, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber) {
-	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
-	if option.IPv4Enable {
-		sub4 = c.pub.Subscribe(domain + "4")
-	}
-	if option.IPv6Enable {
-		sub6 = c.pub.Subscribe(domain + "6")
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func closeSubscribers(sub4 *pubsub.Subscriber, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber) {
-	if sub4 != nil {
-		sub4.Close()
-	}
-	if sub6 != nil {
-		sub6.Close()
-	}
-}
--- a/app/dns/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/dns/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.29.4
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/dns/config.proto

 package dns
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ const (
 	QueryStrategy_USE_IP  QueryStrategy = 0
 	QueryStrategy_USE_IP4 QueryStrategy = 1
 	QueryStrategy_USE_IP6 QueryStrategy = 2
-	QueryStrategy_USE_SYS QueryStrategy = 3
 )

 // Enum value maps for QueryStrategy.
@@ -89,13 +88,11 @@ var (
 		0: "USE_IP",
 		1: "USE_IP4",
 		2: "USE_IP6",
-		3: "USE_SYS",
 	}
 	QueryStrategy_value = map[string]int32{
 		"USE_IP":  0,
 		"USE_IP4": 1,
 		"USE_IP6": 2,
-		"USE_SYS": 3,
 	}
 )

@@ -135,25 +132,18 @@ type NameServer struct {
 	ClientIp          []byte                       `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=client_ip,json=clientIp,proto3" json:"client_ip,omitempty"`
 	SkipFallback      bool                         `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=skipFallback,proto3" json:"skipFallback,omitempty"`
 	PrioritizedDomain []*NameServer_PriorityDomain `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=prioritized_domain,json=prioritizedDomain,proto3" json:"prioritized_domain,omitempty"`
-	ExpectedGeoip     []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=expected_geoip,json=expectedGeoip,proto3" json:"expected_geoip,omitempty"`
+	Geoip             []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=geoip,proto3" json:"geoip,omitempty"`
 	OriginalRules     []*NameServer_OriginalRule   `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=original_rules,json=originalRules,proto3" json:"original_rules,omitempty"`
 	QueryStrategy     QueryStrategy                `protobuf:"varint,7,opt,name=query_strategy,json=queryStrategy,proto3,enum=xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy" json:"query_strategy,omitempty"`
-	ActPrior          bool                         `protobuf:"varint,8,opt,name=actPrior,proto3" json:"actPrior,omitempty"`
-	Tag               string                       `protobuf:"bytes,9,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
-	TimeoutMs         uint64                       `protobuf:"varint,10,opt,name=timeoutMs,proto3" json:"timeoutMs,omitempty"`
-	DisableCache      bool                         `protobuf:"varint,11,opt,name=disableCache,proto3" json:"disableCache,omitempty"`
-	ServeStale        bool                         `protobuf:"varint,15,opt,name=serveStale,proto3" json:"serveStale,omitempty"`
-	ServeExpiredTTL   *uint32                      `protobuf:"varint,16,opt,name=serveExpiredTTL,proto3,oneof" json:"serveExpiredTTL,omitempty"`
-	FinalQuery        bool                         `protobuf:"varint,12,opt,name=finalQuery,proto3" json:"finalQuery,omitempty"`
-	UnexpectedGeoip   []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,13,rep,name=unexpected_geoip,json=unexpectedGeoip,proto3" json:"unexpected_geoip,omitempty"`
-	ActUnprior        bool                         `protobuf:"varint,14,opt,name=actUnprior,proto3" json:"actUnprior,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *NameServer) Reset() {
 	*x = NameServer{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *NameServer) String() string {
@@ -164,7 +154,7 @@ func (*NameServer) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *NameServer) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -207,9 +197,9 @@ func (x *NameServer) GetPrioritizedDomain() []*NameServer_PriorityDomain {
 	return nil
 }

-func (x *NameServer) GetExpectedGeoip() []*router.GeoIP {
+func (x *NameServer) GetGeoip() []*router.GeoIP {
 	if x != nil {
-		return x.ExpectedGeoip
+		return x.Geoip
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -228,77 +218,24 @@ func (x *NameServer) GetQueryStrategy() QueryStrategy {
 	return QueryStrategy_USE_IP
 }

-func (x *NameServer) GetActPrior() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ActPrior
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetTag() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Tag
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetTimeoutMs() uint64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.TimeoutMs
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetDisableCache() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.DisableCache
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetServeStale() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ServeStale
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetServeExpiredTTL() uint32 {
-	if x != nil && x.ServeExpiredTTL != nil {
-		return *x.ServeExpiredTTL
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetFinalQuery() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.FinalQuery
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetUnexpectedGeoip() []*router.GeoIP {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.UnexpectedGeoip
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *NameServer) GetActUnprior() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ActUnprior
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 type Config struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

+	// Nameservers used by this DNS. Only traditional UDP servers are support at
+	// the moment. A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to
+	// use DNS on local system.
+	//
+	// Deprecated: Marked as deprecated in app/dns/config.proto.
+	NameServers []*net.Endpoint `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=NameServers,proto3" json:"NameServers,omitempty"`
 	// NameServer list used by this DNS client.
-	// A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to use DNS on local system.
 	NameServer []*NameServer `protobuf:"bytes,5,rep,name=name_server,json=nameServer,proto3" json:"name_server,omitempty"`
+	// Static hosts. Domain to IP.
+	// Deprecated. Use static_hosts.
+	//
+	// Deprecated: Marked as deprecated in app/dns/config.proto.
+	Hosts map[string]*net.IPOrDomain `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=Hosts,proto3" json:"Hosts,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
 	// Client IP for EDNS client subnet. Must be 4 bytes (IPv4) or 16 bytes
 	// (IPv6).
 	ClientIp    []byte                `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=client_ip,json=clientIp,proto3" json:"client_ip,omitempty"`
@@ -307,8 +244,6 @@ type Config struct {
 	Tag string `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
 	// DisableCache disables DNS cache
 	DisableCache           bool          `protobuf:"varint,8,opt,name=disableCache,proto3" json:"disableCache,omitempty"`
-	ServeStale             bool          `protobuf:"varint,12,opt,name=serveStale,proto3" json:"serveStale,omitempty"`
-	ServeExpiredTTL        uint32        `protobuf:"varint,13,opt,name=serveExpiredTTL,proto3" json:"serveExpiredTTL,omitempty"`
 	QueryStrategy          QueryStrategy `protobuf:"varint,9,opt,name=query_strategy,json=queryStrategy,proto3,enum=xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy" json:"query_strategy,omitempty"`
 	DisableFallback        bool          `protobuf:"varint,10,opt,name=disableFallback,proto3" json:"disableFallback,omitempty"`
 	DisableFallbackIfMatch bool          `protobuf:"varint,11,opt,name=disableFallbackIfMatch,proto3" json:"disableFallbackIfMatch,omitempty"`
@@ -316,9 +251,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -329,7 +266,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -344,6 +281,14 @@ func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
 	return file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
 }

+// Deprecated: Marked as deprecated in app/dns/config.proto.
+func (x *Config) GetNameServers() []*net.Endpoint {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.NameServers
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (x *Config) GetNameServer() []*NameServer {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.NameServer
@@ -351,6 +296,14 @@ func (x *Config) GetNameServer() []*NameServer {
 	return nil
 }

+// Deprecated: Marked as deprecated in app/dns/config.proto.
+func (x *Config) GetHosts() map[string]*net.IPOrDomain {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Hosts
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (x *Config) GetClientIp() []byte {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.ClientIp
@@ -379,20 +332,6 @@ func (x *Config) GetDisableCache() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Config) GetServeStale() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ServeStale
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetServeExpiredTTL() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ServeExpiredTTL
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 func (x *Config) GetQueryStrategy() QueryStrategy {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.QueryStrategy
@@ -425,9 +364,11 @@ type NameServer_PriorityDomain struct {

 func (x *NameServer_PriorityDomain) Reset() {
 	*x = NameServer_PriorityDomain{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *NameServer_PriorityDomain) String() string {
@@ -438,7 +379,7 @@ func (*NameServer_PriorityDomain) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *NameServer_PriorityDomain) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -478,9 +419,11 @@ type NameServer_OriginalRule struct {

 func (x *NameServer_OriginalRule) Reset() {
 	*x = NameServer_OriginalRule{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *NameServer_OriginalRule) String() string {
@@ -491,7 +434,7 @@ func (*NameServer_OriginalRule) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *NameServer_OriginalRule) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -535,9 +478,11 @@ type Config_HostMapping struct {

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) Reset() {
 	*x = Config_HostMapping{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) String() string {
@@ -547,8 +492,8 @@ func (x *Config_HostMapping) String() string {
 func (*Config_HostMapping) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -560,7 +505,7 @@ func (x *Config_HostMapping) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use Config_HostMapping.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Config_HostMapping) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 0}
+	return file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 1}
 }

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) GetType() DomainMatchingType {
@@ -596,120 +541,107 @@ var File_app_dns_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
 var file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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+	0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x06, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x12,
+	0x0e, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x12,
+	0x25, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x69, 0x65, 0x64, 0x5f, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69,
+	0x6e, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x69, 0x65, 0x64,
+	0x44, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4a, 0x04, 0x08, 0x07, 0x10, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x45, 0x0a, 0x12,
+	0x44, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x74, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x54, 0x79,
+	0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x46, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x10, 0x00, 0x12, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x09,
+	0x53, 0x75, 0x62, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4b,
+	0x65, 0x79, 0x77, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x64, 0x10, 0x02, 0x12, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x52, 0x65, 0x67, 0x65,
+	0x78, 0x10, 0x03, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x0d, 0x51, 0x75, 0x65, 0x72, 0x79, 0x53, 0x74, 0x72, 0x61,
+	0x74, 0x65, 0x67, 0x79, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x55, 0x53, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x49, 0x50, 0x10, 0x00,
+	0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x55, 0x53, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x49, 0x50, 0x34, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a,
+	0x07, 0x55, 0x53, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x49, 0x50, 0x36, 0x10, 0x02, 0x42, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x63, 0x6f,
+	0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x64, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x50, 0x01,
+	0x5a, 0x21, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c,
+	0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f,
+	0x64, 0x6e, 0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x44,
+	0x6e, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -725,35 +657,39 @@ func file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_dns_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 2)
-var file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 5)
-var file_app_dns_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 6)
+var file_app_dns_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(DomainMatchingType)(0),           // 0: xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
 	(QueryStrategy)(0),                // 1: xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
 	(*NameServer)(nil),                // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer
 	(*Config)(nil),                    // 3: xray.app.dns.Config
 	(*NameServer_PriorityDomain)(nil), // 4: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain
 	(*NameServer_OriginalRule)(nil),   // 5: xray.app.dns.NameServer.OriginalRule
-	(*Config_HostMapping)(nil),        // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
-	(*net.Endpoint)(nil),              // 7: xray.common.net.Endpoint
-	(*router.GeoIP)(nil),              // 8: xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	nil,                               // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.HostsEntry
+	(*Config_HostMapping)(nil),        // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
+	(*net.Endpoint)(nil),              // 8: xray.common.net.Endpoint
+	(*router.GeoIP)(nil),              // 9: xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	(*net.IPOrDomain)(nil),            // 10: xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
 }
 var file_app_dns_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	7,  // 0: xray.app.dns.NameServer.address:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
+	8,  // 0: xray.app.dns.NameServer.address:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
 	4,  // 1: xray.app.dns.NameServer.prioritized_domain:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain
-	8,  // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer.expected_geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	9,  // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer.geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
 	5,  // 3: xray.app.dns.NameServer.original_rules:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer.OriginalRule
 	1,  // 4: xray.app.dns.NameServer.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
-	8,  // 5: xray.app.dns.NameServer.unexpected_geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	8,  // 5: xray.app.dns.Config.NameServers:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
 	2,  // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.name_server:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer
-	6,  // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.static_hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
-	1,  // 8: xray.app.dns.Config.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
-	0,  // 9: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
-	0,  // 10: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	11, // [11:11] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:11] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	6,  // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.Hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostsEntry
+	7,  // 8: xray.app.dns.Config.static_hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
+	1,  // 9: xray.app.dns.Config.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
+	0,  // 10: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
+	10, // 11: xray.app.dns.Config.HostsEntry.value:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	0,  // 12: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
+	13, // [13:13] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	13, // [13:13] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	13, // [13:13] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	13, // [13:13] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:13] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_dns_config_proto_init() }
@@ -761,14 +697,75 @@ func file_app_dns_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dns_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
-	file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0].OneofWrappers = []any{}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*NameServer); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*NameServer_PriorityDomain); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*NameServer_OriginalRule); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config_HostMapping); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      2,
-			NumMessages:   5,
+			NumMessages:   6,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},
--- a/app/dns/config.proto
+++ b/app/dns/config.proto
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ option go_package = "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/dns";
 option java_package = "com.xray.app.dns";
 option java_multiple_files = true;

+import "common/net/address.proto";
 import "common/net/destination.proto";
 import "app/router/config.proto";

@@ -25,18 +26,9 @@ message NameServer {
  }

  repeated PriorityDomain prioritized_domain = 2;
-  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP expected_geoip = 3;
+  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP geoip = 3;
  repeated OriginalRule original_rules = 4;
  QueryStrategy query_strategy = 7;
-  bool actPrior = 8;
-  string tag = 9;
-  uint64 timeoutMs = 10;
-  bool disableCache = 11;
-  bool serveStale = 15;
-  optional uint32 serveExpiredTTL = 16;
-  bool finalQuery = 12;
-  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP unexpected_geoip = 13;
-  bool actUnprior = 14;
 }

 enum DomainMatchingType {
@@ -50,14 +42,21 @@ enum QueryStrategy {
  USE_IP = 0;
  USE_IP4 = 1;
  USE_IP6 = 2;
-  USE_SYS = 3;
 }

 message Config {
+  // Nameservers used by this DNS. Only traditional UDP servers are support at
+  // the moment. A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to
+  // use DNS on local system.
+  repeated xray.common.net.Endpoint NameServers = 1 [deprecated = true];
+
  // NameServer list used by this DNS client.
-  // A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to use DNS on local system.
  repeated NameServer name_server = 5;

+  // Static hosts. Domain to IP.
+  // Deprecated. Use static_hosts.
+  map<string, xray.common.net.IPOrDomain> Hosts = 2 [deprecated = true];
+
  // Client IP for EDNS client subnet. Must be 4 bytes (IPv4) or 16 bytes
  // (IPv6).
  bytes client_ip = 3;
@@ -82,8 +81,6 @@ message Config {

  // DisableCache disables DNS cache
  bool disableCache = 8;
-  bool serveStale = 12;
-  uint32 serveExpiredTTL = 13;

  QueryStrategy query_strategy = 9;

--- a/app/dns/dns.go
+++ b/app/dns/dns.go
@@ -1,25 +1,29 @@
 // Package dns is an implementation of core.DNS feature.
 package dns

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
-	go_errors "errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"

+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/router"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

 // DNS is a DNS rely server.
 type DNS struct {
 	sync.Mutex
+	tag                    string
+	disableCache           bool
 	disableFallback        bool
 	disableFallbackIfMatch bool
 	ipOption               *dns.IPOption
@@ -28,7 +32,6 @@ type DNS struct {
 	ctx                    context.Context
 	domainMatcher          strmatcher.IndexMatcher
 	matcherInfos           []*DomainMatcherInfo
-	checkSystem            bool
 }

 // DomainMatcherInfo contains information attached to index returned by Server.domainMatcher
@@ -39,6 +42,13 @@ type DomainMatcherInfo struct {

 // New creates a new DNS server with given configuration.
 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
+	var tag string
+	if len(config.Tag) > 0 {
+		tag = config.Tag
+	} else {
+		tag = generateRandomTag()
+	}
+
 	var clientIP net.IP
 	switch len(config.ClientIp) {
 	case 0, net.IPv4len, net.IPv6len:
@@ -47,51 +57,35 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		return nil, errors.New("unexpected client IP length ", len(config.ClientIp))
 	}

-	var ipOption dns.IPOption
-	checkSystem := false
+	var ipOption *dns.IPOption
 	switch config.QueryStrategy {
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
+		ipOption = &dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		}
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_SYS:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
-			IPv4Enable: true,
-			IPv6Enable: true,
-			FakeEnable: false,
-		}
-		checkSystem = true
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP4:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
+		ipOption = &dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		}
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP6:
-		ipOption = dns.IPOption{
+		ipOption = &dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		}
-	default:
-		return nil, errors.New("unexpected query strategy ", config.QueryStrategy)
 	}

-	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(config.StaticHosts)
+	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(config.StaticHosts, config.Hosts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("failed to create hosts").Base(err)
 	}

-	var clients []*Client
+	clients := []*Client{}
 	domainRuleCount := 0
-
-	var defaultTag = config.Tag
-	if len(config.Tag) == 0 {
-		defaultTag = generateRandomTag()
-	}
-
 	for _, ns := range config.NameServer {
 		domainRuleCount += len(ns.PrioritizedDomain)
 	}
@@ -99,6 +93,16 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 	// MatcherInfos is ensured to cover the maximum index domainMatcher could return, where matcher's index starts from 1
 	matcherInfos := make([]*DomainMatcherInfo, domainRuleCount+1)
 	domainMatcher := &strmatcher.MatcherGroup{}
+	geoipContainer := router.GeoIPMatcherContainer{}
+
+	for _, endpoint := range config.NameServers {
+		features.PrintDeprecatedFeatureWarning("simple DNS server")
+		client, err := NewSimpleClient(ctx, endpoint, clientIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("failed to create client").Base(err)
+		}
+		clients = append(clients, client)
+	}

 	for _, ns := range config.NameServer {
 		clientIdx := len(clients)
@@ -116,24 +120,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		case net.IPv4len, net.IPv6len:
 			myClientIP = net.IP(ns.ClientIp)
 		}
-
-		disableCache := config.DisableCache || ns.DisableCache
-		serveStale := config.ServeStale || ns.ServeStale
-		serveExpiredTTL := config.ServeExpiredTTL
-		if ns.ServeExpiredTTL != nil {
-			serveExpiredTTL = *ns.ServeExpiredTTL
-		}
-
-		var tag = defaultTag
-		if len(ns.Tag) > 0 {
-			tag = ns.Tag
-		}
-		clientIPOption := ResolveIpOptionOverride(ns.QueryStrategy, ipOption)
-		if !clientIPOption.IPv4Enable && !clientIPOption.IPv6Enable {
-			return nil, errors.New("no QueryStrategy available for ", ns.Address)
-		}
-
-		client, err := NewClient(ctx, ns, myClientIP, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, tag, clientIPOption, &matcherInfos, updateDomain)
+		client, err := NewClient(ctx, ns, myClientIP, geoipContainer, &matcherInfos, updateDomain)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, errors.New("failed to create client").Base(err)
 		}
@@ -142,19 +129,20 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {

 	// If there is no DNS client in config, add a `localhost` DNS client
 	if len(clients) == 0 {
-		clients = append(clients, NewLocalDNSClient(ipOption))
+		clients = append(clients, NewLocalDNSClient())
 	}

 	return &DNS{
+		tag:                    tag,
 		hosts:                  hosts,
-		ipOption:               &ipOption,
+		ipOption:               ipOption,
 		clients:                clients,
 		ctx:                    ctx,
 		domainMatcher:          domainMatcher,
 		matcherInfos:           matcherInfos,
+		disableCache:           config.DisableCache,
 		disableFallback:        config.DisableFallback,
 		disableFallbackIfMatch: config.DisableFallbackIfMatch,
-		checkSystem:            checkSystem,
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -176,101 +164,94 @@ func (s *DNS) Close() error {
 // IsOwnLink implements proxy.dns.ownLinkVerifier
 func (s *DNS) IsOwnLink(ctx context.Context) bool {
 	inbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-	if inbound == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, client := range s.clients {
-		if client.tag == inbound.Tag {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	return inbound != nil && inbound.Tag == s.tag
 }

 // LookupIP implements dns.Client.
-func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	// Normalize the FQDN form query
-	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	if domain == "" {
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("empty domain name")
+		return nil, errors.New("empty domain name")
 	}

-	if s.checkSystem {
-		supportIPv4, supportIPv6 := checkSystemNetwork()
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && supportIPv4
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && supportIPv6
-	} else {
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && s.ipOption.IPv4Enable
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && s.ipOption.IPv6Enable
-	}
+	option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && s.ipOption.IPv4Enable
+	option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && s.ipOption.IPv6Enable

 	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+		return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 	}

+	// Normalize the FQDN form query
+	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+
 	// Static host lookup
-	switch addrs, err := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, option); {
-	case err != nil:
-		if go_errors.Is(err, dns.ErrEmptyResponse) {
-			return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-		}
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(err)
+	switch addrs := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, option); {
 	case addrs == nil: // Domain not recorded in static host
 		break
 	case len(addrs) == 0: // Domain recorded, but no valid IP returned (e.g. IPv4 address with only IPv6 enabled)
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+		return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 	case len(addrs) == 1 && addrs[0].Family().IsDomain(): // Domain replacement
 		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain())
 		domain = addrs[0].Domain()
 	default: // Successfully found ip records in static host
 		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "returning ", len(addrs), " IP(s) for domain ", domain, " -> ", addrs)
-		ips, err := toNetIP(addrs)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, 0, err
-		}
-		return ips, 10, nil // Hosts ttl is 10
+		return toNetIP(addrs)
 	}

 	// Name servers lookup
-	var errs []error
+	errs := []error{}
+	ctx := session.ContextWithInbound(s.ctx, &session.Inbound{Tag: s.tag})
 	for _, client := range s.sortClients(domain) {
 		if !option.FakeEnable && strings.EqualFold(client.Name(), "FakeDNS") {
 			errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "skip DNS resolution for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
 			continue
 		}
-
-		ips, ttl, err := client.QueryIP(s.ctx, domain, option)
-
+		ips, err := client.QueryIP(ctx, domain, option, s.disableCache)
 		if len(ips) > 0 {
-			if ttl == 0 {
-				ttl = 1
-			}
-			return ips, ttl, nil
+			return ips, nil
 		}
-
-		errors.LogInfoInner(s.ctx, err, "failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
-		if err == nil {
-			err = dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+		if err != nil {
+			errors.LogInfoInner(s.ctx, err, "failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
+			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
-		errs = append(errs, err)
-
-		if client.IsFinalQuery() {
-			break
+		// 5 for RcodeRefused in miekg/dns, hardcode to reduce binary size
+		if err != context.Canceled && err != context.DeadlineExceeded && err != errExpectedIPNonMatch && err != dns.ErrEmptyResponse && dns.RCodeFromError(err) != 5 {
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}

-	if len(errs) > 0 {
-		allErrs := errors.Combine(errs...)
-		err0 := errs[0]
-		if errors.AllEqual(err0, allErrs) {
-			if go_errors.Is(err0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse) {
-				return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-			}
-			return nil, 0, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(err0)
-		}
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(allErrs)
+	return nil, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(errors.Combine(errs...))
+}
+
+// LookupHosts implements dns.HostsLookup.
+func (s *DNS) LookupHosts(domain string) *net.Address {
+	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+	if domain == "" {
+		return nil
 	}
-	return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	// Normalize the FQDN form query
+	addrs := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, *s.ipOption)
+	if len(addrs) > 0 {
+		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].String())
+		return &addrs[0]
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetIPOption implements ClientWithIPOption.
+func (s *DNS) GetIPOption() *dns.IPOption {
+	return s.ipOption
+}
+
+// SetQueryOption implements ClientWithIPOption.
+func (s *DNS) SetQueryOption(isIPv4Enable, isIPv6Enable bool) {
+	s.ipOption.IPv4Enable = isIPv4Enable
+	s.ipOption.IPv6Enable = isIPv6Enable
+}
+
+// SetFakeDNSOption implements ClientWithIPOption.
+func (s *DNS) SetFakeDNSOption(isFakeEnable bool) {
+	s.ipOption.FakeEnable = isFakeEnable
 }

 func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {
@@ -281,11 +262,7 @@ func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {

 	// Priority domain matching
 	hasMatch := false
-	MatchSlice := s.domainMatcher.Match(domain)
-	sort.Slice(MatchSlice, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return MatchSlice[i] < MatchSlice[j]
-	})
-	for _, match := range MatchSlice {
+	for _, match := range s.domainMatcher.Match(domain) {
 		info := s.matcherInfos[match]
 		client := s.clients[info.clientIdx]
 		domainRule := client.domains[info.domainRuleIdx]
@@ -332,22 +309,3 @@ func init() {
 		return New(ctx, config.(*Config))
 	}))
 }
-
-func checkSystemNetwork() (supportIPv4 bool, supportIPv6 bool) {
-	conn4, err4 := net.Dial("udp4", "192.33.4.12:53")
-	if err4 != nil {
-		supportIPv4 = false
-	} else {
-		supportIPv4 = true
-		conn4.Close()
-	}
-
-	conn6, err6 := net.Dial("udp6", "[2001:500:2::c]:53")
-	if err6 != nil {
-		supportIPv6 = false
-	} else {
-		supportIPv6 = true
-		conn6.Close()
-	}
-	return
-}
--- a/app/dns/dns_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/dns_test.go
@@ -76,9 +76,6 @@ func (*staticHandler) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 		case q.Name == "notexist.google.com." && q.Qtype == dns.TypeAAAA:
 			ans.MsgHdr.Rcode = dns.RcodeNameError

-		case q.Name == "notexist.google.com." && q.Qtype == dns.TypeA:
-			ans.MsgHdr.Rcode = dns.RcodeNameError
-
 		case q.Name == "hostname." && q.Qtype == dns.TypeA:
 			rr, _ := dns.NewRR("hostname. IN A 127.0.0.1")
 			ans.Answer = append(ans.Answer, rr)
@@ -120,23 +117,22 @@ func TestUDPServerSubnet(t *testing.T) {
 		Handler: &staticHandler{},
 		UDPSize: 1200,
 	}
+
 	go dnsServer.ListenAndServe()
 	time.Sleep(time.Second)

 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 				ClientIp: []byte{7, 8, 9, 10},
@@ -157,7 +153,7 @@ func TestUDPServerSubnet(t *testing.T) {

 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)

-	ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
 		FakeEnable: false,
@@ -187,17 +183,15 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 			}),
@@ -218,7 +212,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -233,7 +227,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("facebook.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("facebook.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -248,7 +242,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		_, _, err := client.LookupIP("notexist.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		_, err := client.LookupIP("notexist.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -262,7 +256,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("ipv4only.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("ipv4only.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -278,7 +272,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	dnsServer.Shutdown()

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -309,18 +303,18 @@ func TestPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 						},
+						Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 					},
+				},
+				NameServer: []*NameServer{
 					{
 						Address: &net.Endpoint{
 							Network: net.Network_UDP,
@@ -359,7 +353,7 @@ func TestPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -395,17 +389,15 @@ func TestUDPServerIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 			}),
@@ -425,7 +417,7 @@ func TestUDPServerIPv6(t *testing.T) {

 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)
 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -456,17 +448,15 @@ func TestStaticHostDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 				StaticHosts: []*Config_HostMapping{
@@ -494,7 +484,7 @@ func TestStaticHostDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	client := v.GetFeature(feature_dns.ClientType()).(feature_dns.Client)

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("example.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("example.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -539,7 +529,7 @@ func TestIPMatch(t *testing.T) {
 							},
 							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{
 								CountryCode: "local",
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
@@ -563,7 +553,7 @@ func TestIPMatch(t *testing.T) {
 							},
 							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{
 								CountryCode: "test",
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
@@ -605,7 +595,7 @@ func TestIPMatch(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -641,18 +631,18 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 						},
+						Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 					},
+				},
+				NameServer: []*NameServer{
 					{
 						Address: &net.Endpoint{
 							Network: net.Network_UDP,
@@ -667,7 +657,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 							// Equivalent of dotless:localhost
 							{Type: DomainMatchingType_Regex, Domain: "^[^.]*localhost[^.]*$"},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will match localhost, localhost-a and localhost-b,
 								CountryCode: "local",
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
@@ -728,7 +718,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{ // Will match dotless:
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostname", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostname", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -743,7 +733,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match domain:local
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostname.local", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostname.local", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -758,7 +748,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match static ip
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamestatic", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamestatic", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -773,7 +763,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match domain replacing
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamealias", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("hostnamealias", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -787,8 +777,8 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}

-	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, but not expectedIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3, then matches at dotless:
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("localhost", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, but not expectIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3, then matches at dotless:
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("localhost", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -802,8 +792,8 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}

-	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectedIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-a", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-a", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -817,8 +807,8 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}

-	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectedIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-b", feature_dns.IPOption{
+	{ // Will match dotless:localhost, and expectIPs: 127.0.0.2, 127.0.0.3
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("localhost-b", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -833,7 +823,7 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match dotless:
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("Mijia Cloud", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("Mijia Cloud", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -869,18 +859,18 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 						},
+						Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 					},
+				},
+				NameServer: []*NameServer{
 					{
 						Address: &net.Endpoint{
 							Network: net.Network_UDP,
@@ -897,7 +887,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will only match 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 8, 8}, Prefix: 32},
@@ -922,7 +912,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will match 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.8.7, etc
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 8, 7}, Prefix: 24},
@@ -946,7 +936,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "api.google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will only match 8.8.7.7 (api.google.com)
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 7, 7}, Prefix: 32},
@@ -970,7 +960,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 								Domain: "v2.api.google.com",
 							},
 						},
-						ExpectedGeoip: []*router.GeoIP{
+						Geoip: []*router.GeoIP{
 							{ // Will only match 8.8.7.8 (v2.api.google.com)
 								Cidr: []*router.CIDR{
 									{Ip: []byte{8, 8, 7, 8}, Prefix: 32},
@@ -999,7 +989,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	{ // Will match server 1,2 and server 1 returns expected ip
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -1014,7 +1004,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match server 1,2 and server 1 returns unexpected ip, then server 2 returns expected one
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("ipv6.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -1029,7 +1019,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match server 3,1,2 and server 3 returns expected one
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
@@ -1044,7 +1034,7 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{ // Will match server 4,3,1,2 and server 4 returns expected one
-		ips, _, err := client.LookupIP("v2.api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
+		ips, err := client.LookupIP("v2.api.google.com", feature_dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
--- a/app/dns/dnscommon.go
+++ b/app/dns/dnscommon.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	"math"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

@@ -32,29 +31,30 @@ type record struct {

 // IPRecord is a cacheable item for a resolved domain
 type IPRecord struct {
-	ReqID     uint16
-	IP        []net.IP
-	Expire    time.Time
-	RCode     dnsmessage.RCode
-	RawHeader *dnsmessage.Header
+	ReqID  uint16
+	IP     []net.Address
+	Expire time.Time
+	RCode  dnsmessage.RCode
 }

-func (r *IPRecord) getIPs() ([]net.IP, int32, error) {
-	if r == nil {
-		return nil, 0, errRecordNotFound
+func (r *IPRecord) getIPs() ([]net.Address, error) {
+	if r == nil || r.Expire.Before(time.Now()) {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
 	}
-
-	untilExpire := time.Until(r.Expire).Seconds()
-	ttl := int32(math.Ceil(untilExpire))
-
 	if r.RCode != dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess {
-		return nil, ttl, dns_feature.RCodeError(r.RCode)
-	}
-	if len(r.IP) == 0 {
-		return nil, ttl, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+		return nil, dns_feature.RCodeError(r.RCode)
 	}
+	return r.IP, nil
+}

-	return r.IP, ttl, nil
+func isNewer(baseRec *IPRecord, newRec *IPRecord) bool {
+	if newRec == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if baseRec == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	return baseRec.Expire.Before(newRec.Expire)
 }

 var errRecordNotFound = errors.New("record not found")
@@ -67,59 +67,49 @@ type dnsRequest struct {
 	msg     *dnsmessage.Message
 }

-func genEDNS0Options(clientIP net.IP, padding int) *dnsmessage.Resource {
-	if len(clientIP) == 0 && padding == 0 {
+func genEDNS0Options(clientIP net.IP) *dnsmessage.Resource {
+	if len(clientIP) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}

-	const EDNS0SUBNET = 0x8
-	const EDNS0PADDING = 0xc
+	var netmask int
+	var family uint16
+
+	if len(clientIP) == 4 {
+		family = 1
+		netmask = 24 // 24 for IPV4, 96 for IPv6
+	} else {
+		family = 2
+		netmask = 96
+	}
+
+	b := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], family)
+	b[2] = byte(netmask)
+	b[3] = 0
+	switch family {
+	case 1:
+		ip := clientIP.To4().Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv4len*8))
+		needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
+		b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
+	case 2:
+		ip := clientIP.Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv6len*8))
+		needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
+		b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
+	}
+
+	const EDNS0SUBNET = 0x08

 	opt := new(dnsmessage.Resource)
 	common.Must(opt.Header.SetEDNS0(1350, 0xfe00, true))
-	body := dnsmessage.OPTResource{}
-	opt.Body = &body

-	if len(clientIP) != 0 {
-		var netmask int
-		var family uint16
-
-		if len(clientIP) == 4 {
-			family = 1
-			netmask = 24 // 24 for IPV4, 96 for IPv6
-		} else {
-			family = 2
-			netmask = 96
-		}
-
-		b := make([]byte, 4)
-		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], family)
-		b[2] = byte(netmask)
-		b[3] = 0
-		switch family {
-		case 1:
-			ip := clientIP.To4().Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv4len*8))
-			needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
-			b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
-		case 2:
-			ip := clientIP.Mask(net.CIDRMask(netmask, net.IPv6len*8))
-			needLength := (netmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
-			b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
-		}
-
-		body.Options = append(body.Options,
-			dnsmessage.Option{
+	opt.Body = &dnsmessage.OPTResource{
+		Options: []dnsmessage.Option{
+			{
 				Code: EDNS0SUBNET,
 				Data: b,
-			})
-	}
-
-	if padding != 0 {
-		body.Options = append(body.Options,
-			dnsmessage.Option{
-				Code: EDNS0PADDING,
-				Data: make([]byte, padding),
-			})
+			},
+		},
 	}

 	return opt
@@ -189,10 +179,9 @@ func parseResponse(payload []byte) (*IPRecord, error) {

 	now := time.Now()
 	ipRecord := &IPRecord{
-		ReqID:     h.ID,
-		RCode:     h.RCode,
-		Expire:    now.Add(time.Second * dns_feature.DefaultTTL),
-		RawHeader: &h,
+		ReqID:  h.ID,
+		RCode:  h.RCode,
+		Expire: now.Add(time.Second * 600),
 	}

 L:
@@ -207,7 +196,7 @@ L:

 		ttl := ah.TTL
 		if ttl == 0 {
-			ttl = 1
+			ttl = 600
 		}
 		expire := now.Add(time.Duration(ttl) * time.Second)
 		if ipRecord.Expire.After(expire) {
@@ -221,17 +210,14 @@ L:
 				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse A record for domain: ", ah.Name)
 				break L
 			}
-			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.A[:]).IP())
+			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.A[:]))
 		case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
 			ans, err := parser.AAAAResource()
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse AAAA record for domain: ", ah.Name)
 				break L
 			}
-			newIP := net.IPAddress(ans.AAAA[:]).IP()
-			if len(newIP) == net.IPv6len {
-				ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, newIP)
-			}
+			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.AAAA[:]))
 		default:
 			if err := parser.SkipAnswer(); err != nil {
 				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to skip answer")
--- a/app/dns/dnscommon_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/dnscommon_test.go
@@ -18,31 +18,31 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {

 	ans := new(dns.Msg)
 	ans.Id = 0
-	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()))
+	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()).([]byte))

 	p = append(p, []byte{})

 	ans = new(dns.Msg)
 	ans.Id = 1
 	ans.Answer = append(ans.Answer,
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.8.8")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.4.4")),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.8.8")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN A 8.8.4.4")).(dns.RR),
 	)
-	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()))
+	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()).([]byte))

 	ans = new(dns.Msg)
 	ans.Id = 2
 	ans.Answer = append(ans.Answer,
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME test.google.com")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001:4860:4860::8888")),
-		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001:4860:4860::8844")),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME fake.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME m.test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN CNAME test.google.com")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001::123:8888")).(dns.RR),
+		common.Must2(dns.NewRR("google.com. IN AAAA 2001::123:8844")).(dns.RR),
 	)
-	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()))
+	p = append(p, common.Must2(ans.Pack()).([]byte))

 	tests := []struct {
 		name    string
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			"empty",
-			&IPRecord{0, []net.IP(nil), time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess, nil},
+			&IPRecord{0, []net.Address(nil), time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess},
 			false,
 		},
 		{
@@ -63,16 +63,15 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 			"a record",
 			&IPRecord{
 				1,
-				[]net.IP{net.ParseIP("8.8.8.8"), net.ParseIP("8.8.4.4")},
+				[]net.Address{net.ParseAddress("8.8.8.8"), net.ParseAddress("8.8.4.4")},
 				time.Time{},
 				dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess,
-				nil,
 			},
 			false,
 		},
 		{
 			"aaaa record",
-			&IPRecord{2, []net.IP{net.ParseIP("2001:4860:4860::8888"), net.ParseIP("2001:4860:4860::8844")}, time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess, nil},
+			&IPRecord{2, []net.Address{net.ParseAddress("2001::123:8888"), net.ParseAddress("2001::123:8844")}, time.Time{}, dnsmessage.RCodeSuccess},
 			false,
 		},
 	}
@@ -85,12 +84,11 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 			}

 			if got != nil {
-				// reset the time and RawHeader
+				// reset the time
 				got.Expire = time.Time{}
-				got.RawHeader = nil
 			}
 			if cmp.Diff(got, tt.want) != "" {
-				t.Error(cmp.Diff(got, tt.want))
+				t.Errorf(cmp.Diff(got, tt.want))
 				// t.Errorf("handleResponse() = %#v, want %#v", got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
@@ -156,7 +154,7 @@ func Test_genEDNS0Options(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := genEDNS0Options(tt.args.clientIP, 0); got == nil {
+			if got := genEDNS0Options(tt.args.clientIP); got == nil {
 				t.Errorf("genEDNS0Options() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package fakedns
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.pb.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.proto

 package fakedns
@@ -31,9 +31,11 @@ type FakeDnsPool struct {

 func (x *FakeDnsPool) Reset() {
 	*x = FakeDnsPool{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *FakeDnsPool) String() string {
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ func (*FakeDnsPool) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *FakeDnsPool) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -83,9 +85,11 @@ type FakeDnsPoolMulti struct {

 func (x *FakeDnsPoolMulti) Reset() {
 	*x = FakeDnsPoolMulti{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *FakeDnsPoolMulti) String() string {
@@ -96,7 +100,7 @@ func (*FakeDnsPoolMulti) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *FakeDnsPoolMulti) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -155,7 +159,7 @@ func file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*FakeDnsPool)(nil),      // 0: xray.app.dns.fakedns.FakeDnsPool
 	(*FakeDnsPoolMulti)(nil), // 1: xray.app.dns.fakedns.FakeDnsPoolMulti
 }
@@ -173,6 +177,32 @@ func file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*FakeDnsPool); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*FakeDnsPoolMulti); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/dns/hosts.go
+++ b/app/dns/hosts.go
@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ package dns

 import (
 	"context"
-	"strconv"

+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

@@ -17,13 +18,30 @@ type StaticHosts struct {
 }

 // NewStaticHosts creates a new StaticHosts instance.
-func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
+func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping, legacy map[string]*net.IPOrDomain) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 	g := new(strmatcher.MatcherGroup)
 	sh := &StaticHosts{
-		ips:      make([][]net.Address, len(hosts)+16),
+		ips:      make([][]net.Address, len(hosts)+len(legacy)+16),
 		matchers: g,
 	}

+	if legacy != nil {
+		features.PrintDeprecatedFeatureWarning("simple host mapping")
+
+		for domain, ip := range legacy {
+			matcher, err := strmatcher.Full.New(domain)
+			common.Must(err)
+			id := g.Add(matcher)
+
+			address := ip.AsAddress()
+			if address.Family().IsDomain() {
+				return nil, errors.New("invalid domain address in static hosts: ", address.Domain()).AtWarning()
+			}
+
+			sh.ips[id] = []net.Address{address}
+		}
+	}
+
 	for _, mapping := range hosts {
 		matcher, err := toStrMatcher(mapping.Type, mapping.Domain)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -33,15 +51,7 @@ func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 		ips := make([]net.Address, 0, len(mapping.Ip)+1)
 		switch {
 		case len(mapping.ProxiedDomain) > 0:
-			if mapping.ProxiedDomain[0] == '#' {
-				rcode, err := strconv.Atoi(mapping.ProxiedDomain[1:])
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				ips = append(ips, dns.RCodeError(rcode))
-			} else {
-				ips = append(ips, net.DomainAddress(mapping.ProxiedDomain))
-			}
+			ips = append(ips, net.DomainAddress(mapping.ProxiedDomain))
 		case len(mapping.Ip) > 0:
 			for _, ip := range mapping.Ip {
 				addr := net.IPAddress(ip)
@@ -50,6 +60,8 @@ func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 				}
 				ips = append(ips, addr)
 			}
+		default:
+			return nil, errors.New("neither IP address nor proxied domain specified for domain: ", mapping.Domain).AtWarning()
 		}

 		sh.ips[id] = ips
@@ -68,51 +80,33 @@ func filterIP(ips []net.Address, option dns.IPOption) []net.Address {
 	return filtered
 }

-func (h *StaticHosts) lookupInternal(domain string) ([]net.Address, error) {
-	ips := make([]net.Address, 0)
-	found := false
+func (h *StaticHosts) lookupInternal(domain string) []net.Address {
+	var ips []net.Address
 	for _, id := range h.matchers.Match(domain) {
-		for _, v := range h.ips[id] {
-			if err, ok := v.(dns.RCodeError); ok {
-				if uint16(err) == 0 {
-					return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-				}
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
 		ips = append(ips, h.ips[id]...)
-		found = true
 	}
-	if !found {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	return ips, nil
+	return ips
 }

-func (h *StaticHosts) lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption, maxDepth int) ([]net.Address, error) {
-	switch addrs, err := h.lookupInternal(domain); {
-	case err != nil:
-		return nil, err
+func (h *StaticHosts) lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption, maxDepth int) []net.Address {
+	switch addrs := h.lookupInternal(domain); {
 	case len(addrs) == 0: // Not recorded in static hosts, return nil
-		return addrs, nil
+		return nil
 	case len(addrs) == 1 && addrs[0].Family().IsDomain(): // Try to unwrap domain
 		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "found replaced domain: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain(), ". Try to unwrap it")
 		if maxDepth > 0 {
-			unwrapped, err := h.lookup(addrs[0].Domain(), option, maxDepth-1)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
+			unwrapped := h.lookup(addrs[0].Domain(), option, maxDepth-1)
 			if unwrapped != nil {
-				return unwrapped, nil
+				return unwrapped
 			}
 		}
-		return addrs, nil
+		return addrs
 	default: // IP record found, return a non-nil IP array
-		return filterIP(addrs, option), nil
+		return filterIP(addrs, option)
 	}
 }

 // Lookup returns IP addresses or proxied domain for the given domain, if exists in this StaticHosts.
-func (h *StaticHosts) Lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.Address, error) {
+func (h *StaticHosts) Lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption) []net.Address {
 	return h.lookup(domain, option, 5)
 }
--- a/app/dns/hosts_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/hosts_test.go
@@ -12,11 +12,6 @@ import (

 func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	pb := []*Config_HostMapping{
-		{
-			Type:          DomainMatchingType_Subdomain,
-			Domain:        "lan",
-			ProxiedDomain: "#3",
-		},
 		{
 			Type:   DomainMatchingType_Full,
 			Domain: "example.com",
@@ -55,18 +50,11 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}

-	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(pb)
+	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(pb, nil)
 	common.Must(err)

 	{
-		_, err := hosts.Lookup("example.com.lan", dns.IPOption{})
-		if dns.RCodeFromError(err) != 3 {
-			t.Error(err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	{
-		ips, _ := hosts.Lookup("example.com", dns.IPOption{
+		ips := hosts.Lookup("example.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 		})
@@ -79,7 +67,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		domain, _ := hosts.Lookup("proxy.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
+		domain := hosts.Lookup("proxy.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 		})
@@ -92,7 +80,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		domain, _ := hosts.Lookup("proxy2.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
+		domain := hosts.Lookup("proxy2.xray.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: false,
 		})
@@ -105,7 +93,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _ := hosts.Lookup("www.example.cn", dns.IPOption{
+		ips := hosts.Lookup("www.example.cn", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: true,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 		})
@@ -118,7 +106,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	{
-		ips, _ := hosts.Lookup("baidu.com", dns.IPOption{
+		ips := hosts.Lookup("baidu.com", dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: false,
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 		})
--- a/app/dns/nameserver.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/router"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
@@ -21,27 +20,22 @@ type Server interface {
 	// Name of the Client.
 	Name() string
 	// QueryIP sends IP queries to its configured server.
-	QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error)
+	QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error)
 }

 // Client is the interface for DNS client.
 type Client struct {
-	server        Server
-	skipFallback  bool
-	domains       []string
-	expectedIPs   []*router.GeoIPMatcher
-	unexpectedIPs []*router.GeoIPMatcher
-	actPrior      bool
-	actUnprior    bool
-	tag           string
-	timeoutMs     time.Duration
-	finalQuery    bool
-	ipOption      *dns.IPOption
-	checkSystem   bool
+	server       Server
+	clientIP     net.IP
+	skipFallback bool
+	domains      []string
+	expectIPs    []*router.GeoIPMatcher
 }

+var errExpectedIPNonMatch = errors.New("expectIPs not match")
+
 // NewServer creates a name server object according to the network destination url.
-func NewServer(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (Server, error) {
+func NewServer(dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (Server, error) {
 	if address := dest.Address; address.Family().IsDomain() {
 		u, err := url.Parse(address.Domain())
 		if err != nil {
@@ -50,36 +44,25 @@ func NewServer(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dis
 		switch {
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.String(), "localhost"):
 			return NewLocalNameServer(), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https"): // DNS-over-HTTPS Remote mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher, false, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "h2c"): // DNS-over-HTTPS h2c Remote mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher, true, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https+local"): // DNS-over-HTTPS Local mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, nil, false, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "h2c+local"): // DNS-over-HTTPS h2c Local mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, nil, true, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
+		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https"): // DOH Remote mode
+			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher, queryStrategy)
+		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https+local"): // DOH Local mode
+			return NewDoHLocalNameServer(u, queryStrategy), nil
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "quic+local"): // DNS-over-QUIC Local mode
-			return NewQUICNameServer(u, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+			return NewQUICNameServer(u, queryStrategy)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "tcp"): // DNS-over-TCP Remote mode
-			return NewTCPNameServer(u, dispatcher, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+			return NewTCPNameServer(u, dispatcher, queryStrategy)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "tcp+local"): // DNS-over-TCP Local mode
-			return NewTCPLocalNameServer(u, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+			return NewTCPLocalNameServer(u, queryStrategy)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.String(), "fakedns"):
-			var fd dns.FakeDNSEngine
-			err = core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
-				fd = fdns
-			})
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			return NewFakeDNSServer(fd), nil
+			return NewFakeDNSServer(), nil
 		}
 	}
 	if dest.Network == net.Network_Unknown {
 		dest.Network = net.Network_UDP
 	}
 	if dest.Network == net.Network_UDP { // UDP classic DNS mode
-		return NewClassicNameServer(dest, dispatcher, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP), nil
+		return NewClassicNameServer(dest, dispatcher), nil
 	}
 	return nil, errors.New("No available name server could be created from ", dest).AtWarning()
 }
@@ -89,9 +72,7 @@ func NewClient(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	ns *NameServer,
 	clientIP net.IP,
-	disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32,
-	tag string,
-	ipOption dns.IPOption,
+	container router.GeoIPMatcherContainer,
 	matcherInfos *[]*DomainMatcherInfo,
 	updateDomainRule func(strmatcher.Matcher, int, []*DomainMatcherInfo) error,
 ) (*Client, error) {
@@ -99,17 +80,17 @@ func NewClient(

 	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) error {
 		// Create a new server for each client for now
-		server, err := NewServer(ctx, ns.Address.AsDestination(), dispatcher, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+		server, err := NewServer(ns.Address.AsDestination(), dispatcher, ns.GetQueryStrategy())
 		if err != nil {
 			return errors.New("failed to create nameserver").Base(err).AtWarning()
 		}

-		// Prioritize local domains with specific TLDs or those without any dot for the local DNS
+		// Priotize local domains with specific TLDs or without any dot to local DNS
 		if _, isLocalDNS := server.(*LocalNameServer); isLocalDNS {
 			ns.PrioritizedDomain = append(ns.PrioritizedDomain, localTLDsAndDotlessDomains...)
 			ns.OriginalRules = append(ns.OriginalRules, localTLDsAndDotlessDomainsRule)
 			// The following lines is a solution to avoid core panics（rule index out of range） when setting `localhost` DNS client in config.
-			// Because the `localhost` DNS client will append len(localTLDsAndDotlessDomains) rules into matcherInfos to match `geosite:private` default rule.
+			// Because the `localhost` DNS client will apend len(localTLDsAndDotlessDomains) rules into matcherInfos to match `geosite:private` default rule.
 			// But `matcherInfos` has no enough length to add rules, which leads to core panics (rule index out of range).
 			// To avoid this, the length of `matcherInfos` must be equal to the expected, so manually append it with Golang default zero value first for later modification.
 			// Related issues:
@@ -154,23 +135,13 @@ func NewClient(
 		}

 		// Establish expected IPs
-		var expectedMatchers []*router.GeoIPMatcher
-		for _, geoip := range ns.ExpectedGeoip {
-			matcher, err := router.GlobalGeoIPContainer.Add(geoip)
+		var matchers []*router.GeoIPMatcher
+		for _, geoip := range ns.Geoip {
+			matcher, err := container.Add(geoip)
 			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create expected ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
+				return errors.New("failed to create ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
 			}
-			expectedMatchers = append(expectedMatchers, matcher)
-		}
-
-		// Establish unexpected IPs
-		var unexpectedMatchers []*router.GeoIPMatcher
-		for _, geoip := range ns.UnexpectedGeoip {
-			matcher, err := router.GlobalGeoIPContainer.Add(geoip)
-			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create unexpected ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
-			}
-			unexpectedMatchers = append(unexpectedMatchers, matcher)
+			matchers = append(matchers, matcher)
 		}

 		if len(clientIP) > 0 {
@@ -178,112 +149,87 @@ func NewClient(
 			case *net.IPOrDomain_Domain:
 				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetDomain(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
 			case *net.IPOrDomain_Ip:
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", net.IP(ns.Address.Address.GetIp()), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
+				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetIp(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
 			}
 		}

-		var timeoutMs = 4000 * time.Millisecond
-		if ns.TimeoutMs > 0 {
-			timeoutMs = time.Duration(ns.TimeoutMs) * time.Millisecond
-		}
-
-		checkSystem := ns.QueryStrategy == QueryStrategy_USE_SYS
-
 		client.server = server
+		client.clientIP = clientIP
 		client.skipFallback = ns.SkipFallback
 		client.domains = rules
-		client.expectedIPs = expectedMatchers
-		client.unexpectedIPs = unexpectedMatchers
-		client.actPrior = ns.ActPrior
-		client.actUnprior = ns.ActUnprior
-		client.tag = tag
-		client.timeoutMs = timeoutMs
-		client.finalQuery = ns.FinalQuery
-		client.ipOption = &ipOption
-		client.checkSystem = checkSystem
+		client.expectIPs = matchers
 		return nil
 	})
 	return client, err
 }

+// NewSimpleClient creates a DNS client with a simple destination.
+func NewSimpleClient(ctx context.Context, endpoint *net.Endpoint, clientIP net.IP) (*Client, error) {
+	client := &Client{}
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) error {
+		server, err := NewServer(endpoint.AsDestination(), dispatcher, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.New("failed to create nameserver").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		}
+		client.server = server
+		client.clientIP = clientIP
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if len(clientIP) > 0 {
+		switch endpoint.Address.GetAddress().(type) {
+		case *net.IPOrDomain_Domain:
+			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", endpoint.Address.GetDomain(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
+		case *net.IPOrDomain_Ip:
+			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", endpoint.Address.GetIp(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
+		}
+	}
+
+	return client, err
+}
+
 // Name returns the server name the client manages.
 func (c *Client) Name() string {
 	return c.server.Name()
 }

-func (c *Client) IsFinalQuery() bool {
-	return c.finalQuery
-}
-
 // QueryIP sends DNS query to the name server with the client's IP.
-func (c *Client) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	if c.checkSystem {
-		supportIPv4, supportIPv6 := checkSystemNetwork()
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && supportIPv4
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && supportIPv6
-	} else {
-		option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && c.ipOption.IPv4Enable
-		option.IPv6Enable = option.IPv6Enable && c.ipOption.IPv6Enable
-	}
-
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, c.timeoutMs)
-	ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{Tag: c.tag})
-	ips, ttl, err := c.server.QueryIP(ctx, domain, option)
+func (c *Client) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 4*time.Second)
+	ips, err := c.server.QueryIP(ctx, domain, c.clientIP, option, disableCache)
 	cancel()

 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, err
+		return ips, err
 	}
+	return c.MatchExpectedIPs(domain, ips)
+}

-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+// MatchExpectedIPs matches queried domain IPs with expected IPs and returns matched ones.
+func (c *Client) MatchExpectedIPs(domain string, ips []net.IP) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	if len(c.expectIPs) == 0 {
+		return ips, nil
 	}
-
-	if len(c.expectedIPs) > 0 && !c.actPrior {
-		ips = router.MatchIPs(c.expectedIPs, ips, false)
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " expectedIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		if len(ips) == 0 {
-			return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	newIps := []net.IP{}
+	for _, ip := range ips {
+		for _, matcher := range c.expectIPs {
+			if matcher.Match(ip) {
+				newIps = append(newIps, ip)
+				break
+			}
 		}
 	}
-
-	if len(c.unexpectedIPs) > 0 && !c.actUnprior {
-		ips = router.MatchIPs(c.unexpectedIPs, ips, true)
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " unexpectedIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		if len(ips) == 0 {
-			return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-		}
+	if len(newIps) == 0 {
+		return nil, errExpectedIPNonMatch
 	}
-
-	if len(c.expectedIPs) > 0 && c.actPrior {
-		ipsNew := router.MatchIPs(c.expectedIPs, ips, false)
-		if len(ipsNew) > 0 {
-			ips = ipsNew
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " priorIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(c.unexpectedIPs) > 0 && c.actUnprior {
-		ipsNew := router.MatchIPs(c.unexpectedIPs, ips, true)
-		if len(ipsNew) > 0 {
-			ips = ipsNew
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " unpriorIPs ", ips, " matched at server ", c.Name())
-		}
-	}
-
-	return ips, ttl, nil
+	errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " expectIPs ", newIps, " matched at server ", c.Name())
+	return newIps, nil
 }

 func ResolveIpOptionOverride(queryStrategy QueryStrategy, ipOption dns.IPOption) dns.IPOption {
 	switch queryStrategy {
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP:
 		return ipOption
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_SYS:
-		return ipOption
 	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP4:
 		return dns.IPOption{
 			IPv4Enable: ipOption.IPv4Enable,
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_doh.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_doh.go
@@ -3,138 +3,237 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"crypto/tls"
-	go_errors "errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
-	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

-	utls "github.com/refraction-networking/utls"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/crypto"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 )

 // DoHNameServer implemented DNS over HTTPS (RFC8484) Wire Format,
 // which is compatible with traditional dns over udp(RFC1035),
 // thus most of the DOH implementation is copied from udpns.go
 type DoHNameServer struct {
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	httpClient      *http.Client
-	dohURL          string
-	clientIP        net.IP
+	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	sync.RWMutex
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	httpClient    *http.Client
+	dohURL        string
+	name          string
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

-// NewDoHNameServer creates DOH/DOHL client object for remote/local resolving.
-func NewDoHNameServer(url *url.URL, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, h2c bool, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) *DoHNameServer {
-	url.Scheme = "https"
-	mode := "DOH"
-	if dispatcher == nil {
-		mode = "DOHL"
-	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created ", mode, " client for ", url.String(), ", with h2c ", h2c)
-	s := &DoHNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(mode+"//"+url.Host, disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		dohURL:          url.String(),
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+// NewDoHNameServer creates DOH server object for remote resolving.
+func NewDoHNameServer(url *url.URL, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*DoHNameServer, error) {
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Remote DOH client for ", url.String())
+	s := baseDOHNameServer(url, "DOH", queryStrategy)
+
+	s.dispatcher = dispatcher
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		MaxIdleConns:        30,
+		IdleConnTimeout:     90 * time.Second,
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout: 30 * time.Second,
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2:   true,
+		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			link, err := s.dispatcher.Dispatch(toDnsContext(ctx, s.dohURL), dest)
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			default:
+
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			cc := common.ChainedClosable{}
+			if cw, ok := link.Writer.(common.Closable); ok {
+				cc = append(cc, cw)
+			}
+			if cr, ok := link.Reader.(common.Closable); ok {
+				cc = append(cc, cr)
+			}
+			return cnc.NewConnection(
+				cnc.ConnectionInputMulti(link.Writer),
+				cnc.ConnectionOutputMulti(link.Reader),
+				cnc.ConnectionOnClose(cc),
+			), nil
+		},
 	}
 	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
-		Transport: &http2.Transport{
-			IdleConnTimeout: net.ConnIdleTimeout,
-			ReadIdleTimeout: net.ChromeH2KeepAlivePeriod,
-			DialTLSContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string, cfg *tls.Config) (net.Conn, error) {
-				dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				var conn net.Conn
-				if dispatcher != nil {
-					dnsCtx := toDnsContext(ctx, s.dohURL)
-					if h2c {
-						dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMitmAlpn11(dnsCtx, false) // for insurance
-						dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMitmServerName(dnsCtx, url.Hostname())
-					}
-					link, err := dispatcher.Dispatch(dnsCtx, dest)
-					select {
-					case <-ctx.Done():
-						return nil, ctx.Err()
-					default:
-					}
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					cc := common.ChainedClosable{}
-					if cw, ok := link.Writer.(common.Closable); ok {
-						cc = append(cc, cw)
-					}
-					if cr, ok := link.Reader.(common.Closable); ok {
-						cc = append(cc, cr)
-					}
-					conn = cnc.NewConnection(
-						cnc.ConnectionInputMulti(link.Writer),
-						cnc.ConnectionOutputMulti(link.Reader),
-						cnc.ConnectionOnClose(cc),
-					)
-				} else {
-					log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
-						From:   "DNS",
-						To:     s.dohURL,
-						Status: log.AccessAccepted,
-						Detour: "local",
-					})
-					conn, err = internet.DialSystem(ctx, dest, nil)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-				}
-				if !h2c {
-					conn = utls.UClient(conn, &utls.Config{ServerName: url.Hostname()}, utls.HelloChrome_Auto)
-					if err := conn.(*utls.UConn).HandshakeContext(ctx); err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-				}
-				return conn, nil
-			},
+		Timeout:   time.Second * 180,
+		Transport: tr,
+	}
+
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+// NewDoHLocalNameServer creates DOH client object for local resolving
+func NewDoHLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *DoHNameServer {
+	url.Scheme = "https"
+	s := baseDOHNameServer(url, "DOHL", queryStrategy)
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		IdleConnTimeout:   90 * time.Second,
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2: true,
+		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			conn, err := internet.DialSystem(ctx, dest, nil)
+			log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
+				From:   "DNS",
+				To:     s.dohURL,
+				Status: log.AccessAccepted,
+				Detour: "local",
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return conn, nil
 		},
 	}
+	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   time.Second * 180,
+		Transport: tr,
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local DOH client for ", url.String())
+	return s
+}
+
+func baseDOHNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *DoHNameServer {
+	s := &DoHNameServer{
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          prefix + "//" + url.Host,
+		dohURL:        url.String(),
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+	}
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
+	}
 	return s
 }

 // Name implements Server.
 func (s *DoHNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
+}
+
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *DoHNameServer) Cleanup() error {
+	now := time.Now()
+	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *DoHNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+
+	s.Lock()
+	rec, found := s.ips[req.domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+	updated := false
+
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		if isNewer(rec.A, ipRec) {
+			rec.A = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		addr := make([]net.Address, 0, len(ipRec.IP))
+		for _, ip := range ipRec.IP {
+			if len(ip.IP()) == net.IPv6len {
+				addr = append(addr, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		ipRec.IP = addr
+		if isNewer(rec.AAAA, ipRec) {
+			rec.AAAA = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+
+	if updated {
+		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
+	}
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *DoHNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
-	return 0
+	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.Name(), " querying: ", domain)
+func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " querying: ", domain)

-	if s.Name()+"." == "DOH//"+domain {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.Name(), " tries to resolve itself! Use IP or set \"hosts\" instead.")
-		if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-			noResponseErrCh <- errors.New("tries to resolve itself!", s.Name())
-		}
+	if s.name+"." == "DOH//"+domain {
+		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " tries to resolve itself! Use IP or set \"hosts\" instead.")
 		return
 	}

-	// As we don't want our traffic pattern looks like DoH, we use Random-Length Padding instead of Block-Length Padding recommended in RFC 8467
-	// Although DoH server like 1.1.1.1 will pad the response to Block-Length 468, at least it is better than no padding for response at all
-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, int(crypto.RandBetween(100, 300))))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	var deadline time.Time
 	if d, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
@@ -160,7 +259,7 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er
 			})

 			// forced to use mux for DOH
-			// dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMuxPreferred(dnsCtx, true)
+			// dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMuxPrefered(dnsCtx, true)

 			var cancel context.CancelFunc
 			dnsCtx, cancel = context.WithDeadline(dnsCtx, deadline)
@@ -169,28 +268,19 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er
 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query for ", domain)
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			resp, err := s.dohHTTPSContext(dnsCtx, b.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to retrieve response for ", domain)
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			rec, err := parseResponse(resp)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle DOH response for ", domain)
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
-			s.cacheController.updateIP(r, rec)
+			s.updateIP(r, rec)
 		}(req)
 	}
 }
@@ -205,8 +295,6 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) dohHTTPSContext(ctx context.Context, b []byte) ([]byte,
 	req.Header.Add("Accept", "application/dns-message")
 	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/dns-message")

-	req.Header.Set("X-Padding", strings.Repeat("X", int(crypto.RandBetween(100, 1000))))
-
 	hc := s.httpClient

 	resp, err := hc.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
@@ -223,74 +311,107 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) dohHTTPSContext(ctx context.Context, b []byte) ([]byte,
 	return io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 }

+func (s *DoHNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	if (option.IPv4Enable && record.A != nil) || (option.IPv6Enable && record.AAAA != nil) {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	return nil, errRecordNotFound
+}
+
 // QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *DoHNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) { // nolint: dupl
+func (s *DoHNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) { // nolint: dupl
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	sub4, sub6 := s.cacheController.registerSubscribers(fqdn, option)
-	defer closeSubscribers(sub4, sub6)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}

-	queryOption := option
-
-	if s.cacheController.disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.Name())
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
 	} else {
-		ips, ttl, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if sub4 != nil && !isARecordExpired {
-			sub4.Close()
-			sub4 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv4Enable = false
-		}
-		if sub6 != nil && !isAAAARecordExpired {
-			sub6.Close()
-			sub6 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv6Enable = false
-		}
-		if !go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			if ttl > 0 {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
-				return ips, uint32(ttl), err
-			}
-			if s.cacheController.serveStale && (s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL == 0 || s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL < ttl) {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache OPTIMISTE ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				s.sendQuery(ctx, nil, fqdn, queryOption)
-				return ips, 1, err
-			}
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
 		}
 	}

-	noResponseErrCh := make(chan error, 2)
-	s.sendQuery(ctx, noResponseErrCh, fqdn, queryOption)
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
 	start := time.Now()

-	if sub4 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub4.Wait():
-			sub4.Close()
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
 		}
-	}
-	if sub6 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub6.Wait():
-			sub6.Close()
-		}
-	}

-	ips, ttl, _, _, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-	log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
-	var rTTL uint32
-	if ttl <= 0 {
-		rTTL = 1
-	} else {
-		rTTL = uint32(ttl)
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
 	}
-	return ips, rTTL, err
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_doh_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_doh_test.go
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	ctx2, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips2, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips2, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, true)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if r := cmp.Diff(ips2, ips); r != "" {
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: false,
-	})
+		IPv6Enable: true,
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, nil, false, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: false,
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
+		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_fakedns.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_fakedns.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

@@ -12,19 +13,22 @@ type FakeDNSServer struct {
 	fakeDNSEngine dns.FakeDNSEngine
 }

-func NewFakeDNSServer(fd dns.FakeDNSEngine) *FakeDNSServer {
-	return &FakeDNSServer{fakeDNSEngine: fd}
+func NewFakeDNSServer() *FakeDNSServer {
+	return &FakeDNSServer{}
 }

 func (FakeDNSServer) Name() string {
 	return "FakeDNS"
 }

-func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, opt dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
+func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, opt dns.IPOption, _ bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	if f.fakeDNSEngine == nil {
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("Unable to locate a fake DNS Engine").AtError()
+		if err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fd dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
+			f.fakeDNSEngine = fd
+		}); err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("Unable to locate a fake DNS Engine").Base(err).AtError()
+		}
 	}
-
 	var ips []net.Address
 	if fkr0, ok := f.fakeDNSEngine.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok {
 		ips = fkr0.GetFakeIPForDomain3(domain, opt.IPv4Enable, opt.IPv6Enable)
@@ -34,13 +38,13 @@ func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, opt dns.IPOp

 	netIP, err := toNetIP(ips)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, errors.New("Unable to convert IP to net ip").Base(err).AtError()
+		return nil, errors.New("Unable to convert IP to net ip").Base(err).AtError()
 	}

 	errors.LogInfo(ctx, f.Name(), " got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips)

 	if len(netIP) > 0 {
-		return netIP, 1, nil // fakeIP ttl is 1
+		return netIP, nil
 	}
-	return nil, 0, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_local.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_local.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package dns

 import (
 	"context"
+	"strings"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
@@ -16,11 +17,16 @@ type LocalNameServer struct {
 	client *localdns.Client
 }

-// QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns.IPOption) (ips []net.IP, ttl uint32, err error) {
+const errEmptyResponse = "No address associated with hostname"

+// QueryIP implements Server.
+func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, option dns.IPOption, _ bool) (ips []net.IP, err error) {
 	start := time.Now()
-	ips, ttl, err = s.client.LookupIP(domain, option)
+	ips, err = s.client.LookupIP(domain, option)
+
+	if err != nil && strings.HasSuffix(err.Error(), errEmptyResponse) {
+		err = dns.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}

 	if len(ips) > 0 {
 		errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Localhost got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips)
@@ -44,6 +50,6 @@ func NewLocalNameServer() *LocalNameServer {
 }

 // NewLocalDNSClient creates localdns client object for directly lookup in system DNS.
-func NewLocalDNSClient(ipOption dns.IPOption) *Client {
-	return &Client{server: NewLocalNameServer(), ipOption: &ipOption}
+func NewLocalDNSClient() *Client {
+	return &Client{server: NewLocalNameServer()}
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_local_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_local_test.go
@@ -7,17 +7,18 @@ import (

 	. "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

 func TestLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	s := NewLocalNameServer()
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP{}, dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
 		FakeEnable: false,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_quic.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_quic.go
@@ -4,20 +4,24 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	go_errors "errors"
 	"net/url"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/quic-go/quic-go"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tls"
+	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 )

@@ -30,14 +34,18 @@ const handshakeTimeout = time.Second * 8
 // QUICNameServer implemented DNS over QUIC
 type QUICNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	destination     *net.Destination
-	connection      *quic.Conn
-	clientIP        net.IP
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	name          string
+	destination   *net.Destination
+	connection    quic.Connection
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

 // NewQUICNameServer creates DNS-over-QUIC client object for local resolving
-func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (*QUICNameServer, error) {
+func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*QUICNameServer, error) {
 	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local DNS-over-QUIC client for ", url.String())

 	var err error
@@ -51,9 +59,15 @@ func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveEx
 	dest := net.UDPDestination(net.ParseAddress(url.Hostname()), port)

 	s := &QUICNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(url.String(), disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		destination:     &dest,
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          url.String(),
+		destination:   &dest,
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+	}
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}

 	return s, nil
@@ -61,17 +75,94 @@ func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveEx

 // Name returns client name
 func (s *QUICNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
+}
+
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *QUICNameServer) Cleanup() error {
+	now := time.Now()
+	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *QUICNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+
+	s.Lock()
+	rec, found := s.ips[req.domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+	updated := false
+
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		if isNewer(rec.A, ipRec) {
+			rec.A = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		addr := make([]net.Address, 0)
+		for _, ip := range ipRec.IP {
+			if len(ip.IP()) == net.IPv6len {
+				addr = append(addr, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		ipRec.IP = addr
+		if isNewer(rec.AAAA, ipRec) {
+			rec.AAAA = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+
+	if updated {
+		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
+	}
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *QUICNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
-	return 0
+	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.Name(), " querying: ", domain)
+func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " querying: ", domain)

-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, 0))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	var deadline time.Time
 	if d, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
@@ -103,46 +194,23 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- e
 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			dnsReqBuf := buf.New()
-			err = binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "binary write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
-			_, err = dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "buffer write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
+			binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
+			dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
 			b.Release()

 			conn, err := s.openStream(dnsCtx)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to open quic connection")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			_, err = conn.Write(dnsReqBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to send query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

@@ -153,116 +221,137 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- e
 			n, err := respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, 2)
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			var length int16
 			err = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(respBuf.Bytes()), binary.BigEndian, &length)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			respBuf.Clear()
 			n, err = respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, int32(length))
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			rec, err := parseResponse(respBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle response")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
-			s.cacheController.updateIP(r, rec)
+			s.updateIP(r, rec)
 		}(req)
 	}
 }

-// QueryIP is called from dns.Server->queryIPTimeout
-func (s *QUICNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
-	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	sub4, sub6 := s.cacheController.registerSubscribers(fqdn, option)
-	defer closeSubscribers(sub4, sub6)
+func (s *QUICNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()

-	queryOption := option
-
-	if s.cacheController.disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.Name())
-	} else {
-		ips, ttl, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if sub4 != nil && !isARecordExpired {
-			sub4.Close()
-			sub4 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv4Enable = false
-		}
-		if sub6 != nil && !isAAAARecordExpired {
-			sub6.Close()
-			sub6 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv6Enable = false
-		}
-		if !go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			if ttl > 0 {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
-				return ips, uint32(ttl), err
-			}
-			if s.cacheController.serveStale && (s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL == 0 || s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL < ttl) {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache OPTIMISTE ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				s.sendQuery(ctx, nil, fqdn, queryOption)
-				return ips, 1, err
-			}
-		}
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
 	}

-	noResponseErrCh := make(chan error, 2)
-	s.sendQuery(ctx, noResponseErrCh, fqdn, queryOption)
-	start := time.Now()
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address

-	if sub4 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub4.Wait():
-			sub4.Close()
-		}
-	}
-	if sub6 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub6.Wait():
-			sub6.Close()
-		}
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
 	}

-	ips, ttl, _, _, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-	log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
-	var rTTL uint32
-	if ttl <= 0 {
-		rTTL = 1
-	} else {
-		rTTL = uint32(ttl)
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
 	}
-	return ips, rTTL, err
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	if (option.IPv4Enable && record.A != nil) || (option.IPv6Enable && record.AAAA != nil) {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	return nil, errRecordNotFound
 }

-func isActive(s *quic.Conn) bool {
+// QueryIP is called from dns.Server->queryIPTimeout
+func (s *QUICNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}
+
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+	} else {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func isActive(s quic.Connection) bool {
 	select {
 	case <-s.Context().Done():
 		return false
@@ -271,8 +360,8 @@ func isActive(s *quic.Conn) bool {
 	}
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) getConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
-	var conn *quic.Conn
+func (s *QUICNameServer) getConnection() (quic.Connection, error) {
+	var conn quic.Connection
 	s.RLock()
 	conn = s.connection
 	if conn != nil && isActive(conn) {
@@ -305,7 +394,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) getConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
 	return conn, nil
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
+func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (quic.Connection, error) {
 	tlsConfig := tls.Config{}
 	quicConfig := &quic.Config{
 		HandshakeIdleTimeout: handshakeTimeout,
@@ -325,7 +414,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (*quic.Conn, error) {
 	return conn, nil
 }

-func (s *QUICNameServer) openStream(ctx context.Context) (*quic.Stream, error) {
+func (s *QUICNameServer) openStream(ctx context.Context) (quic.Stream, error) {
 	conn, err := s.getConnection()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_quic_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_quic_test.go
@@ -14,25 +14,26 @@ import (
 )

 func TestQUICNameServer(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
+	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
 		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
 	}
+
 	ctx2, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips2, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips2, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, true)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if r := cmp.Diff(ips2, ips); r != "" {
@@ -41,15 +42,15 @@ func TestQUICNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
+	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: false,
-	})
+		IPv6Enable: true,
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -64,15 +65,15 @@ func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
+	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: false,
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
+		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_tcp.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_tcp.go
@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
-	go_errors "errors"
 	"net/url"
+	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
@@ -16,28 +17,34 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
+	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
 )

 // TCPNameServer implemented DNS over TCP (RFC7766).
 type TCPNameServer struct {
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	destination     *net.Destination
-	reqID           uint32
-	dial            func(context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
-	clientIP        net.IP
+	sync.RWMutex
+	name          string
+	destination   *net.Destination
+	ips           map[string]*record
+	pub           *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup       *task.Periodic
+	reqID         uint32
+	dial          func(context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
 }

 // NewTCPNameServer creates DNS over TCP server object for remote resolving.
 func NewTCPNameServer(
 	url *url.URL,
 	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher,
-	disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32,
-	clientIP net.IP,
+	queryStrategy QueryStrategy,
 ) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
-	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCP", disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCP", queryStrategy)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -58,8 +65,8 @@ func NewTCPNameServer(
 }

 // NewTCPLocalNameServer creates DNS over TCP client object for local resolving
-func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
-	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCPL", disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL, clientIP)
+func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCPL", queryStrategy)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -71,7 +78,7 @@ func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, ser
 	return s, nil
 }

-func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
 	port := net.Port(53)
 	if url.Port() != "" {
 		var err error
@@ -82,9 +89,15 @@ func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, disableCache bool, serveStal
 	dest := net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress(url.Hostname()), port)

 	s := &TCPNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(prefix+"//"+dest.NetAddr(), disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		destination:     &dest,
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+		destination:   &dest,
+		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:          prefix + "//" + dest.NetAddr(),
+		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+	}
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}

 	return s, nil
@@ -92,17 +105,94 @@ func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, disableCache bool, serveStal

 // Name implements Server.
 func (s *TCPNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
+}
+
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *TCPNameServer) Cleanup() error {
+	now := time.Now()
+	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *TCPNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+
+	s.Lock()
+	rec, found := s.ips[req.domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+	updated := false
+
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		if isNewer(rec.A, ipRec) {
+			rec.A = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		addr := make([]net.Address, 0)
+		for _, ip := range ipRec.IP {
+			if len(ip.IP()) == net.IPv6len {
+				addr = append(addr, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		ipRec.IP = addr
+		if isNewer(rec.AAAA, ipRec) {
+			rec.AAAA = ipRec
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+
+	if updated {
+		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
+	}
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"4", nil)
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		s.pub.Publish(req.domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *TCPNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
 	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- error, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.Name(), " querying DNS for: ", domain)
+func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain)

-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, 0))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	var deadline time.Time
 	if d, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
@@ -131,46 +221,23 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er
 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			conn, err := s.dial(dnsCtx)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to dial namesever")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			defer conn.Close()
 			dnsReqBuf := buf.New()
-			err = binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "binary write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
-			_, err = dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "buffer write failed")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
-				return
-			}
+			binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
+			dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
 			b.Release()

 			_, err = conn.Write(dnsReqBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to send query")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			dnsReqBuf.Release()
@@ -180,112 +247,129 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, noResponseErrCh chan<- er
 			n, err := respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, 2)
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			var length int16
 			err = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(respBuf.Bytes()), binary.BigEndian, &length)
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}
 			respBuf.Clear()
 			n, err = respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, int32(length))
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

 			rec, err := parseResponse(respBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse DNS over TCP response")
-				if noResponseErrCh != nil {
-					noResponseErrCh <- err
-				}
 				return
 			}

-			s.cacheController.updateIP(r, rec)
+			s.updateIP(r, rec)
 		}(req)
 	}
 }

+func (s *TCPNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+}
+
 // QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *TCPNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
+func (s *TCPNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	sub4, sub6 := s.cacheController.registerSubscribers(fqdn, option)
-	defer closeSubscribers(sub4, sub6)
+	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
+	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
+		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+	}

-	queryOption := option
-
-	if s.cacheController.disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.Name())
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
 	} else {
-		ips, ttl, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if sub4 != nil && !isARecordExpired {
-			sub4.Close()
-			sub4 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv4Enable = false
-		}
-		if sub6 != nil && !isAAAARecordExpired {
-			sub6.Close()
-			sub6 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv6Enable = false
-		}
-		if !go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			if ttl > 0 {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
-				return ips, uint32(ttl), err
-			}
-			if s.cacheController.serveStale && (s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL == 0 || s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL < ttl) {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache OPTIMISTE ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				s.sendQuery(ctx, nil, fqdn, queryOption)
-				return ips, 1, err
-			}
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
 		}
 	}

-	noResponseErrCh := make(chan error, 2)
-	s.sendQuery(ctx, noResponseErrCh, fqdn, queryOption)
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
 	start := time.Now()

-	if sub4 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub4.Wait():
-			sub4.Close()
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
 		}
-	}
-	if sub6 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub6.Wait():
-			sub6.Close()
-		}
-	}

-	ips, ttl, _, _, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-	log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
-	var rTTL uint32
-	if ttl <= 0 {
-		rTTL = 1
-	} else {
-		rTTL = uint32(ttl)
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
 	}
-	return ips, rTTL, err
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_tcp_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_tcp_test.go
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ import (
 func TestTCPLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	ctx2, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips2, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips2, err := s.QueryIP(ctx2, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, true)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)
 	if r := cmp.Diff(ips2, ips); r != "" {
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: false,
-	})
+		IPv6Enable: true,
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)

@@ -85,13 +85,13 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, false, false, 0, net.IP(nil))
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, _, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: false,
+	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
+		IPv4Enable: true,
 		IPv6Enable: true,
-	})
+	}, false)
 	cancel()
 	common.Must(err)

--- a/app/dns/nameserver_udp.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_udp.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package dns

 import (
 	"context"
-	go_errors "errors"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -14,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	udp_proto "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/udp"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
@@ -24,36 +24,33 @@ import (
 // ClassicNameServer implemented traditional UDP DNS.
 type ClassicNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	cacheController *CacheController
-	address         *net.Destination
-	requests        map[uint16]*udpDnsRequest
-	udpServer       *udp.Dispatcher
-	requestsCleanup *task.Periodic
-	reqID           uint32
-	clientIP        net.IP
-}
-
-type udpDnsRequest struct {
-	dnsRequest
-	ctx context.Context
+	name      string
+	address   *net.Destination
+	ips       map[string]*record
+	requests  map[uint16]*dnsRequest
+	pub       *pubsub.Service
+	udpServer *udp.Dispatcher
+	cleanup   *task.Periodic
+	reqID     uint32
 }

 // NewClassicNameServer creates udp server object for remote resolving.
-func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, disableCache bool, serveStale bool, serveExpiredTTL uint32, clientIP net.IP) *ClassicNameServer {
+func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) *ClassicNameServer {
 	// default to 53 if unspecific
 	if address.Port == 0 {
 		address.Port = net.Port(53)
 	}

 	s := &ClassicNameServer{
-		cacheController: NewCacheController(strings.ToUpper(address.String()), disableCache, serveStale, serveExpiredTTL),
-		address:         &address,
-		requests:        make(map[uint16]*udpDnsRequest),
-		clientIP:        clientIP,
+		address:  &address,
+		ips:      make(map[string]*record),
+		requests: make(map[uint16]*dnsRequest),
+		pub:      pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:     strings.ToUpper(address.String()),
 	}
-	s.requestsCleanup = &task.Periodic{
+	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
 		Interval: time.Minute,
-		Execute:  s.RequestsCleanup,
+		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}
 	s.udpServer = udp.NewDispatcher(dispatcher, s.HandleResponse)
 	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created UDP client initialized for ", address.NetAddr())
@@ -62,17 +59,37 @@ func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher

 // Name implements Server.
 func (s *ClassicNameServer) Name() string {
-	return s.cacheController.name
+	return s.name
 }

-// RequestsCleanup clears expired items from cache
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) RequestsCleanup() error {
+// Cleanup clears expired items from cache
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 	now := time.Now()
 	s.Lock()
 	defer s.Unlock()

-	if len(s.requests) == 0 {
-		return errors.New(s.Name(), " nothing to do. stopping...")
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 && len(s.requests) == 0 {
+		return errors.New(s.name, " nothing to do. stopping...")
+	}
+
+	for domain, record := range s.ips {
+		if record.A != nil && record.A.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.A = nil
+		}
+		if record.AAAA != nil && record.AAAA.Expire.Before(now) {
+			record.AAAA = nil
+		}
+
+		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
+			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			delete(s.ips, domain)
+		} else {
+			s.ips[domain] = record
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
+		s.ips = make(map[string]*record)
 	}

 	for id, req := range s.requests {
@@ -82,7 +99,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) RequestsCleanup() error {
 	}

 	if len(s.requests) == 0 {
-		s.requests = make(map[uint16]*udpDnsRequest)
+		s.requests = make(map[uint16]*dnsRequest)
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -90,11 +107,9 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) RequestsCleanup() error {

 // HandleResponse handles udp response packet from remote DNS server.
 func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_proto.Packet) {
-	payload := packet.Payload
-	ipRec, err := parseResponse(payload.Bytes())
-	payload.Release()
+	ipRec, err := parseResponse(packet.Payload.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.Name(), " fail to parse responded DNS udp")
+		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " fail to parse responded DNS udp")
 		return
 	}

@@ -107,135 +122,175 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_prot
 	}
 	s.Unlock()
 	if !ok {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.Name(), " cannot find the pending request")
+		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " cannot find the pending request")
 		return
 	}

-	// if truncated, retry with EDNS0 option(udp payload size: 1350)
-	if ipRec.RawHeader.Truncated {
-		// if already has EDNS0 option, no need to retry
-		if len(req.msg.Additionals) == 0 {
-			// copy necessary meta data from original request
-			// and add EDNS0 option
-			opt := new(dnsmessage.Resource)
-			common.Must(opt.Header.SetEDNS0(1350, 0xfe00, true))
-			opt.Body = &dnsmessage.OPTResource{}
-			newMsg := *req.msg
-			newReq := *req
-			newMsg.Additionals = append(newMsg.Additionals, *opt)
-			newMsg.ID = s.newReqID()
-			newReq.msg = &newMsg
-			s.addPendingRequest(&newReq)
-			b, _ := dns.PackMessage(newReq.msg)
-			copyDest := net.UDPDestination(s.address.Address, s.address.Port)
-			b.UDP = &copyDest
-			s.udpServer.Dispatch(toDnsContext(newReq.ctx, s.address.String()), *s.address, b)
-			return
-		}
+	var rec record
+	switch req.reqType {
+	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
+		rec.A = ipRec
+	case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
+		rec.AAAA = ipRec
 	}

-	s.cacheController.updateIP(&req.dnsRequest, ipRec)
+	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
+	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+	if len(req.domain) > 0 && (rec.A != nil || rec.AAAA != nil) {
+		s.updateIP(req.domain, &rec)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) updateIP(domain string, newRec *record) {
+	s.Lock()
+
+	rec, found := s.ips[domain]
+	if !found {
+		rec = &record{}
+	}
+
+	updated := false
+	if isNewer(rec.A, newRec.A) {
+		rec.A = newRec.A
+		updated = true
+	}
+	if isNewer(rec.AAAA, newRec.AAAA) {
+		rec.AAAA = newRec.AAAA
+		updated = true
+	}
+
+	if updated {
+		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " updating IP records for domain:", domain)
+		s.ips[domain] = rec
+	}
+	if newRec.A != nil {
+		s.pub.Publish(domain+"4", nil)
+	}
+	if newRec.AAAA != nil {
+		s.pub.Publish(domain+"6", nil)
+	}
+	s.Unlock()
+	common.Must(s.cleanup.Start())
 }

 func (s *ClassicNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
 	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

-func (s *ClassicNameServer) addPendingRequest(req *udpDnsRequest) {
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) addPendingRequest(req *dnsRequest) {
 	s.Lock()
+	defer s.Unlock()
+
 	id := req.msg.ID
 	req.expire = time.Now().Add(time.Second * 8)
 	s.requests[id] = req
-	s.Unlock()
-	common.Must(s.requestsCleanup.Start())
 }

-func (s *ClassicNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, _ chan<- error, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.Name(), " querying DNS for: ", domain)
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
+	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain)

-	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(s.clientIP, 0))
+	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

 	for _, req := range reqs {
-		udpReq := &udpDnsRequest{
-			dnsRequest: *req,
-			ctx:        ctx,
-		}
-		s.addPendingRequest(udpReq)
+		s.addPendingRequest(req)
 		b, _ := dns.PackMessage(req.msg)
-		copyDest := net.UDPDestination(s.address.Address, s.address.Port)
-		b.UDP = &copyDest
 		s.udpServer.Dispatch(toDnsContext(ctx, s.address.String()), *s.address, b)
 	}
 }

+func (s *ClassicNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
+	s.RLock()
+	record, found := s.ips[domain]
+	s.RUnlock()
+
+	if !found {
+		return nil, errRecordNotFound
+	}
+
+	var err4 error
+	var err6 error
+	var ips []net.Address
+	var ip6 []net.Address
+
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		ips, err4 = record.A.getIPs()
+	}
+
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		ip6, err6 = record.AAAA.getIPs()
+		ips = append(ips, ip6...)
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return toNetIP(ips)
+	}
+
+	if err4 != nil {
+		return nil, err4
+	}
+
+	if err6 != nil {
+		return nil, err6
+	}
+
+	return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
+}
+
 // QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *ClassicNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, option dns_feature.IPOption) ([]net.IP, uint32, error) {
+func (s *ClassicNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	sub4, sub6 := s.cacheController.registerSubscribers(fqdn, option)
-	defer closeSubscribers(sub4, sub6)

-	queryOption := option
-
-	if s.cacheController.disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.Name())
+	if disableCache {
+		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
 	} else {
-		ips, ttl, isARecordExpired, isAAAARecordExpired, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if sub4 != nil && !isARecordExpired {
-			sub4.Close()
-			sub4 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv4Enable = false
-		}
-		if sub6 != nil && !isAAAARecordExpired {
-			sub6.Close()
-			sub6 = nil
-			queryOption.IPv6Enable = false
-		}
-		if !go_errors.Is(err, errRecordNotFound) {
-			if ttl > 0 {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
-				return ips, uint32(ttl), err
-			}
-			if s.cacheController.serveStale && (s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL == 0 || s.cacheController.serveExpiredTTL < ttl) {
-				errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.Name(), " cache OPTIMISTE ", domain, " -> ", ips)
-				s.sendQuery(ctx, nil, fqdn, queryOption)
-				return ips, 1, err
-			}
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
+			return ips, err
 		}
 	}

-	noResponseErrCh := make(chan error, 2)
-	s.sendQuery(ctx, noResponseErrCh, fqdn, queryOption)
+	// ipv4 and ipv6 belong to different subscription groups
+	var sub4, sub6 *pubsub.Subscriber
+	if option.IPv4Enable {
+		sub4 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "4")
+		defer sub4.Close()
+	}
+	if option.IPv6Enable {
+		sub6 = s.pub.Subscribe(fqdn + "6")
+		defer sub6.Close()
+	}
+	done := make(chan interface{})
+	go func() {
+		if sub4 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub4.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		if sub6 != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-sub6.Wait():
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	s.sendQuery(ctx, fqdn, clientIP, option)
 	start := time.Now()

-	if sub4 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub4.Wait():
-			sub4.Close()
+	for {
+		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
+			return ips, err
 		}
-	}
-	if sub6 != nil {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, 0, ctx.Err()
-		case err := <-noResponseErrCh:
-			return nil, 0, err
-		case <-sub6.Wait():
-			sub6.Close()
-		}
-	}

-	ips, ttl, _, _, err := s.cacheController.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-	log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
-	var rTTL uint32
-	if ttl <= 0 {
-		rTTL = 1
-	} else {
-		rTTL = uint32(ttl)
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-done:
+		}
 	}
-	return ips, rTTL, err
 }
--- a/app/log/command/command.go
+++ b/app/log/command/command.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package command

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"

--- a/app/log/command/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/log/command/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/log/command/config.proto

 package command
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -64,9 +66,11 @@ type RestartLoggerRequest struct {

 func (x *RestartLoggerRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = RestartLoggerRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RestartLoggerRequest) String() string {
@@ -77,7 +81,7 @@ func (*RestartLoggerRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RestartLoggerRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -100,9 +104,11 @@ type RestartLoggerResponse struct {

 func (x *RestartLoggerResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = RestartLoggerResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RestartLoggerResponse) String() string {
@@ -113,7 +119,7 @@ func (*RestartLoggerResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RestartLoggerResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -168,7 +174,7 @@ func file_app_log_command_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 3)
-var file_app_log_command_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_log_command_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil),                // 0: xray.app.log.command.Config
 	(*RestartLoggerRequest)(nil),  // 1: xray.app.log.command.RestartLoggerRequest
 	(*RestartLoggerResponse)(nil), // 2: xray.app.log.command.RestartLoggerResponse
@@ -188,6 +194,44 @@ func file_app_log_command_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_log_command_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RestartLoggerRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RestartLoggerResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/log/command/config_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/log/command/config_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.3.0
+// - protoc             v5.27.0
 // source: app/log/command/config.proto

 package command
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 const (
 	LoggerService_RestartLogger_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.log.command.LoggerService/RestartLogger"
@@ -38,9 +38,8 @@ func NewLoggerServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) LoggerServiceClient {
 }

 func (c *loggerServiceClient) RestartLogger(ctx context.Context, in *RestartLoggerRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RestartLoggerResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, LoggerService_RestartLogger_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, LoggerService_RestartLogger_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -49,24 +48,20 @@ func (c *loggerServiceClient) RestartLogger(ctx context.Context, in *RestartLogg

 // LoggerServiceServer is the server API for LoggerService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type LoggerServiceServer interface {
 	RestartLogger(context.Context, *RestartLoggerRequest) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedLoggerServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer struct {
+}

 func (UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer) RestartLogger(context.Context, *RestartLoggerRequest) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method RestartLogger not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedLoggerServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                       {}

 // UnsafeLoggerServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to LoggerServiceServer will
@@ -76,13 +71,6 @@ type UnsafeLoggerServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterLoggerServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv LoggerServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&LoggerService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

--- a/app/log/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/log/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/log/config.proto

 package log
@@ -84,14 +84,15 @@ type Config struct {
 	AccessLogType LogType      `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=access_log_type,json=accessLogType,proto3,enum=xray.app.log.LogType" json:"access_log_type,omitempty"`
 	AccessLogPath string       `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=access_log_path,json=accessLogPath,proto3" json:"access_log_path,omitempty"`
 	EnableDnsLog  bool         `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=enable_dns_log,json=enableDnsLog,proto3" json:"enable_dns_log,omitempty"`
-	MaskAddress   string       `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=mask_address,json=maskAddress,proto3" json:"mask_address,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -159,20 +160,13 @@ func (x *Config) GetEnableDnsLog() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Config) GetMaskAddress() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.MaskAddress
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 var File_app_log_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_log_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x0a, 0x14, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67,
 	0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x0c, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70,
 	0x2e, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x1a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67,
-	0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xde, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x43,
+	0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xbb, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x43,
 	0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x3b, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x65, 0x72, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x5f, 0x6c,
 	0x6f, 0x67, 0x5f, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0e, 0x32, 0x15, 0x2e,
 	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67,
@@ -192,18 +186,15 @@ var file_app_log_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x63, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x50, 0x61,
 	0x74, 0x68, 0x12, 0x24, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x5f, 0x64, 0x6e, 0x73,
 	0x5f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x18, 0x06, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52, 0x0c, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62,
-	0x6c, 0x65, 0x44, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x12, 0x21, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x73, 0x6b,
-	0x5f, 0x61, 0x64, 0x64, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x18, 0x07, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0b,
-	0x6d, 0x61, 0x73, 0x6b, 0x41, 0x64, 0x64, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4c,
-	0x6f, 0x67, 0x54, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x4e, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x10, 0x00,
-	0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a,
-	0x04, 0x46, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x02, 0x12, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x45, 0x76, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74,
-	0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61,
-	0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x21, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62,
-	0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63,
-	0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x58, 0x72,
-	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74,
-	0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x6c, 0x65, 0x44, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x54,
+	0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x4e, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x10, 0x00, 0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a,
+	0x07, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x46, 0x69,
+	0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x02, 0x12, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x45, 0x76, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42,
+	0x46, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e,
+	0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x21, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f,
+	0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65,
+	0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
+	0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -220,7 +211,7 @@ func file_app_log_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {

 var file_app_log_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 1)
 var file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 1)
-var file_app_log_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_log_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(LogType)(0),      // 0: xray.app.log.LogType
 	(*Config)(nil),    // 1: xray.app.log.Config
 	(log.Severity)(0), // 2: xray.common.log.Severity
@@ -241,6 +232,20 @@ func file_app_log_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_log_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/log/config.proto
+++ b/app/log/config.proto
@@ -23,5 +23,4 @@ message Config {
  LogType access_log_type = 4;
  string access_log_path = 5;
  bool enable_dns_log = 6;
-  string mask_address= 7;
 }
--- a/app/log/log.go
+++ b/app/log/log.go
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 package log

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
@@ -31,8 +30,8 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Instance, error) {
 	}
 	log.RegisterHandler(g)

-	// start logger now,
-	// then other modules will be able to log during initialization
+	// start logger instantly on inited
+	// other modules would log during init
 	if err := g.startInternal(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -102,25 +101,18 @@ func (g *Instance) Handle(msg log.Message) {
 		return
 	}

-	var Msg log.Message
-	if g.config.MaskAddress != "" {
-		Msg = &MaskedMsgWrapper{Message: msg, config: g.config}
-	} else {
-		Msg = msg
-	}
-
 	switch msg := msg.(type) {
 	case *log.AccessMessage:
 		if g.accessLogger != nil {
-			g.accessLogger.Handle(Msg)
+			g.accessLogger.Handle(msg)
 		}
 	case *log.DNSLog:
 		if g.dns && g.accessLogger != nil {
-			g.accessLogger.Handle(Msg)
+			g.accessLogger.Handle(msg)
 		}
 	case *log.GeneralMessage:
 		if g.errorLogger != nil && msg.Severity <= g.config.ErrorLogLevel {
-			g.errorLogger.Handle(Msg)
+			g.errorLogger.Handle(msg)
 		}
 	default:
 		// Swallow
@@ -149,56 +141,6 @@ func (g *Instance) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }

-// MaskedMsgWrapper is to wrap the string() method to mask IP addresses in the log.
-type MaskedMsgWrapper struct {
-	log.Message
-	config *Config
-}
-
-func (m *MaskedMsgWrapper) String() string {
-	str := m.Message.String()
-
-	ipv4Regex := regexp.MustCompile(`(\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}`)
-	ipv6Regex := regexp.MustCompile(`((?:[\da-fA-F]{0,4}:[\da-fA-F]{0,4}){2,7})(?:[\/\\%](\d{1,3}))?`)
-
-	// Process ipv4
-	maskedMsg := ipv4Regex.ReplaceAllStringFunc(str, func(ip string) string {
-		parts := strings.Split(ip, ".")
-		switch m.config.MaskAddress {
-		case "half":
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s.*.*", parts[0], parts[1])
-		case "quarter":
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%s.*.*.*", parts[0])
-		case "full":
-			return "[Masked IPv4]"
-		default:
-			return ip
-		}
-	})
-
-	// process ipv6
-	maskedMsg = ipv6Regex.ReplaceAllStringFunc(maskedMsg, func(ip string) string {
-		parts := strings.Split(ip, ":")
-		switch m.config.MaskAddress {
-		case "half":
-			if len(parts) >= 2 {
-				return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s::/32", parts[0], parts[1])
-			}
-		case "quarter":
-			if len(parts) >= 1 {
-				return fmt.Sprintf("%s::/16", parts[0])
-			}
-		case "full":
-			return "Masked IPv6" // Do not use [Masked IPv6] like ipv4, or you will get "[[Masked IPv6]]" (v6 address already has [])
-		default:
-			return ip
-		}
-		return ip
-	})
-
-	return maskedMsg
-}
-
 func init() {
 	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return New(ctx, config.(*Config))
--- a/app/metrics/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/metrics/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/metrics/config.proto

 package metrics
@@ -27,15 +27,16 @@ type Config struct {
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

 	// Tag of the outbound handler that handles metrics http connections.
-	Tag    string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
-	Listen string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=listen,proto3" json:"listen,omitempty"`
+	Tag string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -68,28 +69,20 @@ func (x *Config) GetTag() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *Config) GetListen() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Listen
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 var File_app_metrics_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x0a, 0x18, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f,
 	0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x10, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x22, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x06,
+	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x22, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x06,
 	0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x10, 0x0a, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20,
-	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12, 0x16, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74,
-	0x65, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74, 0x65, 0x6e,
-	0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70,
-	0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68,
-	0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63,
-	0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74,
-	0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e,
+	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73,
+	0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78,
+	0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70,
+	0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
+	0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72,
+	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -105,7 +98,7 @@ func file_app_metrics_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 1)
-var file_app_metrics_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_metrics_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil), // 0: xray.app.metrics.Config
 }
 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
@@ -121,6 +114,20 @@ func file_app_metrics_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_metrics_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/metrics/config.proto
+++ b/app/metrics/config.proto
@@ -10,5 +10,4 @@ option java_multiple_files = true;
 message Config {
  // Tag of the outbound handler that handles metrics http connections.
  string tag = 1;
-  string listen = 2;
 }
--- a/app/metrics/metrics.go
+++ b/app/metrics/metrics.go
@@ -24,15 +24,12 @@ type MetricsHandler struct {
 	statsManager feature_stats.Manager
 	observatory  extension.Observatory
 	tag          string
-	listen       string
-	tcpListener  net.Listener
 }

 // NewMetricsHandler creates a new MetricsHandler based on the given config.
 func NewMetricsHandler(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*MetricsHandler, error) {
 	c := &MetricsHandler{
-		tag:    config.Tag,
-		listen: config.Listen,
+		tag: config.Tag,
 	}
 	common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, sm feature_stats.Manager) {
 		c.statsManager = sm
@@ -90,23 +87,6 @@ func (p *MetricsHandler) Type() interface{} {
 }

 func (p *MetricsHandler) Start() error {
-
-	// direct listen a port if listen is set
-	if p.listen != "" {
-		TCPlistener, err := net.Listen("tcp", p.listen)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		p.tcpListener = TCPlistener
-		errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "Metrics server listening on ", p.listen)
-
-		go func() {
-			if err := http.Serve(TCPlistener, http.DefaultServeMux); err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to start metrics server")
-			}
-		}()
-	}
-
 	listener := &OutboundListener{
 		buffer: make(chan net.Conn, 4),
 		done:   done.New(),
--- a/app/metrics/outbound.go
+++ b/app/metrics/outbound.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
 )
@@ -109,13 +108,3 @@ func (co *Outbound) Close() error {
 	co.closed = true
 	return co.listener.Close()
 }
-
-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (co *Outbound) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/burst.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/burst.go
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )

+//go:generate go run github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core/v4/common/errors/errorgen
+
 const (
 	rttFailed = time.Duration(math.MaxInt64 - iota)
 	rttUntested
--- a/app/observatory/burst/burstobserver.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/burstobserver.go
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/extension"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

@@ -89,15 +88,13 @@ func (o *Observer) Close() error {

 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Observer, error) {
 	var outboundManager outbound.Manager
-	var dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, rd routing.Dispatcher) {
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager) {
 		outboundManager = om
-		dispatcher = rd
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
 	}
-	hp := NewHealthPing(ctx, dispatcher, config.PingConfig)
+	hp := NewHealthPing(ctx, config.PingConfig)
 	return &Observer{
 		config: config,
 		ctx:    ctx,
--- a/app/observatory/burst/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/observatory/burst/config.proto

 package burst
@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -90,15 +92,15 @@ type HealthPingConfig struct {
 	SamplingCount int32 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=samplingCount,proto3" json:"samplingCount,omitempty"`
 	// ping timeout, int64 values of time.Duration
 	Timeout int64 `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=timeout,proto3" json:"timeout,omitempty"`
-	// http method to make request
-	HttpMethod string `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=httpMethod,proto3" json:"httpMethod,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *HealthPingConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = HealthPingConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *HealthPingConfig) String() string {
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ func (*HealthPingConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *HealthPingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -159,13 +161,6 @@ func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetTimeout() int64 {
 	return 0
 }

-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetHttpMethod() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.HttpMethod
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 var File_app_observatory_burst_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
@@ -182,7 +177,7 @@ var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x2e, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72,
 	0x73, 0x74, 0x2e, 0x48, 0x65, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x68, 0x50, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e,
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+	0xb4, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x48, 0x65, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x68, 0x50, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f,
 	0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x64, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x74,
 	0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0b, 0x64, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x69,
 	0x6e, 0x61, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x12, 0x22, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x63,
@@ -193,9 +188,7 @@ var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x05, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x73,
 	0x61, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x12, 0x18, 0x0a, 0x07,
 	0x74, 0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x18, 0x05, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x03, 0x52, 0x07, 0x74,
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-	0x74, 0x68, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x18, 0x06, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x68, 0x74, 0x74, 0x70,
-	0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x42, 0x70, 0x0a, 0x1e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72,
+	0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x42, 0x70, 0x0a, 0x1e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72,
 	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f,
 	0x72, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x62, 0x75, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x2f, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68,
 	0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
@@ -218,7 +211,7 @@ func file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil),           // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.burst.Config
 	(*HealthPingConfig)(nil), // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.burst.HealthPingConfig
 }
@@ -236,6 +229,32 @@ func file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_observatory_burst_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*HealthPingConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/observatory/burst/config.proto
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/config.proto
@@ -26,7 +26,4 @@ message HealthPingConfig {
  int32 samplingCount = 4;
  // ping timeout, int64 values of time.Duration
  int64 timeout = 5;
-  // http method to make request
-  string httpMethod = 6;
-
 }
--- a/app/observatory/burst/healthping.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/healthping.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 )

 // HealthPingSettings holds settings for health Checker
@@ -19,13 +18,11 @@ type HealthPingSettings struct {
 	Interval      time.Duration `json:"interval"`
 	SamplingCount int           `json:"sampling"`
 	Timeout       time.Duration `json:"timeout"`
-	HttpMethod    string        `json:"httpMethod"`
 }

 // HealthPing is the health checker for balancers
 type HealthPing struct {
 	ctx         context.Context
-	dispatcher  routing.Dispatcher
 	access      sync.Mutex
 	ticker      *time.Ticker
 	tickerClose chan struct{}
@@ -35,24 +32,15 @@ type HealthPing struct {
 }

 // NewHealthPing creates a new HealthPing with settings
-func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, config *HealthPingConfig) *HealthPing {
+func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, config *HealthPingConfig) *HealthPing {
 	settings := &HealthPingSettings{}
 	if config != nil {
-
-		var httpMethod string
-		if config.HttpMethod == "" {
-			httpMethod = "HEAD"
-		} else {
-			httpMethod = strings.TrimSpace(config.HttpMethod)
-		}
-
 		settings = &HealthPingSettings{
 			Connectivity:  strings.TrimSpace(config.Connectivity),
 			Destination:   strings.TrimSpace(config.Destination),
 			Interval:      time.Duration(config.Interval),
 			SamplingCount: int(config.SamplingCount),
 			Timeout:       time.Duration(config.Timeout),
-			HttpMethod:    httpMethod,
 		}
 	}
 	if settings.Destination == "" {
@@ -76,10 +64,9 @@ func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, config *H
 		settings.Timeout = time.Duration(5) * time.Second
 	}
 	return &HealthPing{
-		ctx:        ctx,
-		dispatcher: dispatcher,
-		Settings:   settings,
-		Results:    nil,
+		ctx:      ctx,
+		Settings: settings,
+		Results:  nil,
 	}
 }

@@ -162,7 +149,6 @@ func (h *HealthPing) doCheck(tags []string, duration time.Duration, rounds int)
 		handler := tag
 		client := newPingClient(
 			h.ctx,
-			h.dispatcher,
 			h.Settings.Destination,
 			h.Settings.Timeout,
 			handler,
@@ -170,11 +156,11 @@ func (h *HealthPing) doCheck(tags []string, duration time.Duration, rounds int)
 		for i := 0; i < rounds; i++ {
 			delay := time.Duration(0)
 			if duration > 0 {
-				delay = time.Duration(dice.RollInt63n(int64(duration)))
+				delay = time.Duration(dice.Roll(int(duration)))
 			}
 			time.AfterFunc(delay, func() {
 				errors.LogDebug(h.ctx, "checking ", handler)
-				delay, err := client.MeasureDelay(h.Settings.HttpMethod)
+				delay, err := client.MeasureDelay()
 				if err == nil {
 					ch <- &rtt{
 						handler: handler,
@@ -223,7 +209,7 @@ func (h *HealthPing) PutResult(tag string, rtt time.Duration) {
 	if !ok {
 		// validity is 2 times to sampling period, since the check are
 		// distributed in the time line randomly, in extreme cases,
-		// Previous checks are distributed on the left, and later ones
+		// previous checks are distributed on the left, and latters
 		// on the right
 		validity := h.Settings.Interval * time.Duration(h.Settings.SamplingCount) * 2
 		r = NewHealthPingResult(h.Settings.SamplingCount, validity)
@@ -261,7 +247,7 @@ func (h *HealthPing) checkConnectivity() bool {
 		h.Settings.Connectivity,
 		h.Settings.Timeout,
 	)
-	if _, err := tester.MeasureDelay(h.Settings.HttpMethod); err != nil {
+	if _, err := tester.MeasureDelay(); err != nil {
 		return false
 	}
 	return true
--- a/app/observatory/burst/ping.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/ping.go
@@ -2,12 +2,10 @@ package burst

 import (
 	"context"
-	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tagged"
 )

@@ -16,10 +14,10 @@ type pingClient struct {
 	httpClient  *http.Client
 }

-func newPingClient(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, destination string, timeout time.Duration, handler string) *pingClient {
+func newPingClient(ctx context.Context, destination string, timeout time.Duration, handler string) *pingClient {
 	return &pingClient{
 		destination: destination,
-		httpClient:  newHTTPClient(ctx, dispatcher, handler, timeout),
+		httpClient:  newHTTPClient(ctx, handler, timeout),
 	}
 }

@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ func newDirectPingClient(destination string, timeout time.Duration) *pingClient
 	}
 }

-func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler string, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
+func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, handler string, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
 	tr := &http.Transport{
 		DisableKeepAlives: true,
 		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
@@ -38,7 +36,7 @@ func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return tagged.Dialer(ctxv, dispatcher, dest, handler)
+			return tagged.Dialer(ctxv, dest, handler)
 		},
 	}
 	return &http.Client{
@@ -52,28 +50,20 @@ func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler
 }

 // MeasureDelay returns the delay time of the request to dest
-func (s *pingClient) MeasureDelay(httpMethod string) (time.Duration, error) {
+func (s *pingClient) MeasureDelay() (time.Duration, error) {
 	if s.httpClient == nil {
-		panic("pingClient not initialized")
+		panic("pingClient no initialized")
 	}
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(httpMethod, s.destination, nil)
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodHead, s.destination, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return rttFailed, err
 	}
-
 	start := time.Now()
 	resp, err := s.httpClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return rttFailed, err
 	}
-	if httpMethod == http.MethodGet {
-		_, err = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body)
-		if err != nil {
-			return rttFailed, err
-		}
-	}
+	// don't wait for body
 	resp.Body.Close()
-
 	return time.Since(start), nil
 }
--- a/app/observatory/command/command.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func init() {
 		sv := &service{v: s}
 		err := s.RequireFeatures(func(Observatory extension.Observatory) {
 			sv.observatory = Observatory
-		}, false)
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
--- a/app/observatory/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/observatory/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@ type GetOutboundStatusRequest struct {

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = GetOutboundStatusRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusRequest) String() string {
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ func (*GetOutboundStatusRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -67,9 +69,11 @@ type GetOutboundStatusResponse struct {

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = GetOutboundStatusResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusResponse) String() string {
@@ -80,7 +84,7 @@ func (*GetOutboundStatusResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -110,9 +114,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -191,7 +197,7 @@ func file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 3)
-var file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*GetOutboundStatusRequest)(nil),      // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.command.GetOutboundStatusRequest
 	(*GetOutboundStatusResponse)(nil),     // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.command.GetOutboundStatusResponse
 	(*Config)(nil),                        // 2: xray.core.app.observatory.command.Config
@@ -213,6 +219,44 @@ func file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_observatory_command_command_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*GetOutboundStatusRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*GetOutboundStatusResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/observatory/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.3.0
+// - protoc             v5.27.0
 // source: app/observatory/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 const (
 	ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_FullMethodName = "/xray.core.app.observatory.command.ObservatoryService/GetOutboundStatus"
@@ -38,9 +38,8 @@ func NewObservatoryServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) ObservatoryService
 }

 func (c *observatoryServiceClient) GetOutboundStatus(ctx context.Context, in *GetOutboundStatusRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetOutboundStatusResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(GetOutboundStatusResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -49,24 +48,20 @@ func (c *observatoryServiceClient) GetOutboundStatus(ctx context.Context, in *Ge

 // ObservatoryServiceServer is the server API for ObservatoryService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type ObservatoryServiceServer interface {
 	GetOutboundStatus(context.Context, *GetOutboundStatusRequest) (*GetOutboundStatusResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer struct {
+}

 func (UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer) GetOutboundStatus(context.Context, *GetOutboundStatusRequest) (*GetOutboundStatusResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetOutboundStatus not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                            {}

 // UnsafeObservatoryServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to ObservatoryServiceServer will
@@ -76,13 +71,6 @@ type UnsafeObservatoryServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterObservatoryServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv ObservatoryServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&ObservatoryService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

--- a/app/observatory/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/observatory/config.proto

 package observatory
@@ -30,9 +30,11 @@ type ObservationResult struct {

 func (x *ObservationResult) Reset() {
 	*x = ObservationResult{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ObservationResult) String() string {
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ func (*ObservationResult) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ObservationResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -80,9 +82,11 @@ type HealthPingMeasurementResult struct {

 func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) Reset() {
 	*x = HealthPingMeasurementResult{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) String() string {
@@ -93,7 +97,7 @@ func (*HealthPingMeasurementResult) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -179,9 +183,11 @@ type OutboundStatus struct {

 func (x *OutboundStatus) Reset() {
 	*x = OutboundStatus{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *OutboundStatus) String() string {
@@ -192,7 +198,7 @@ func (*OutboundStatus) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OutboundStatus) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -275,9 +281,11 @@ type ProbeResult struct {

 func (x *ProbeResult) Reset() {
 	*x = ProbeResult{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ProbeResult) String() string {
@@ -288,7 +296,7 @@ func (*ProbeResult) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ProbeResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -336,9 +344,11 @@ type Intensity struct {

 func (x *Intensity) Reset() {
 	*x = Intensity{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Intensity) String() string {
@@ -349,7 +359,7 @@ func (*Intensity) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Intensity) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -385,9 +395,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -398,7 +410,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -524,7 +536,7 @@ func file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 6)
-var file_app_observatory_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_observatory_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*ObservationResult)(nil),           // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.ObservationResult
 	(*HealthPingMeasurementResult)(nil), // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.HealthPingMeasurementResult
 	(*OutboundStatus)(nil),              // 2: xray.core.app.observatory.OutboundStatus
@@ -547,6 +559,80 @@ func file_app_observatory_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_observatory_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ObservationResult); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*HealthPingMeasurementResult); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*OutboundStatus); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ProbeResult); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Intensity); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/observatory/observatory.go
+++ b/app/observatory/observatory.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package observatory
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/observatory/observer.go
+++ b/app/observatory/observer.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/extension"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tagged"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
@@ -32,8 +31,7 @@ type Observer struct {

 	finished *done.Instance

-	ohm        outbound.Manager
-	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	ohm outbound.Manager
 }

 func (o *Observer) GetObservation(ctx context.Context) (proto.Message, error) {
@@ -133,7 +131,7 @@ func (o *Observer) probe(outbound string) ProbeResult {
 					return errors.New("cannot understand address").Base(err)
 				}
 				trackedCtx := session.TrackedConnectionError(o.ctx, errorCollectorForRequest)
-				conn, err := tagged.Dialer(trackedCtx, o.dispatcher, dest, outbound)
+				conn, err := tagged.Dialer(trackedCtx, dest, outbound)
 				if err != nil {
 					return errors.New("cannot dial remote address ", dest).Base(err)
 				}
@@ -217,19 +215,16 @@ func (o *Observer) findStatusLocationLockHolderOnly(outbound string) int {

 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Observer, error) {
 	var outboundManager outbound.Manager
-	var dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, rd routing.Dispatcher) {
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager) {
 		outboundManager = om
-		dispatcher = rd
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
 	}
 	return &Observer{
-		config:     config,
-		ctx:        ctx,
-		ohm:        outboundManager,
-		dispatcher: dispatcher,
+		config: config,
+		ctx:    ctx,
+		ohm:    outboundManager,
 	}, nil
 }

--- a/app/policy/config.go
+++ b/app/policy/config.go
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ func (p *Policy) ToCorePolicy() policy.Session {
 	if p.Stats != nil {
 		cp.Stats.UserUplink = p.Stats.UserUplink
 		cp.Stats.UserDownlink = p.Stats.UserDownlink
-		cp.Stats.UserOnline = p.Stats.UserOnline
 	}
 	if p.Buffer != nil {
 		cp.Buffer.PerConnection = p.Buffer.Connection
--- a/app/policy/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/policy/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/policy/config.proto

 package policy
@@ -30,9 +30,11 @@ type Second struct {

 func (x *Second) Reset() {
 	*x = Second{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Second) String() string {
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ func (*Second) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Second) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -77,9 +79,11 @@ type Policy struct {

 func (x *Policy) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy) String() string {
@@ -90,7 +94,7 @@ func (*Policy) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -136,9 +140,11 @@ type SystemPolicy struct {

 func (x *SystemPolicy) Reset() {
 	*x = SystemPolicy{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SystemPolicy) String() string {
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ func (*SystemPolicy) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SystemPolicy) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -182,9 +188,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -195,7 +203,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -238,9 +246,11 @@ type Policy_Timeout struct {

 func (x *Policy_Timeout) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy_Timeout{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy_Timeout) String() string {
@@ -251,7 +261,7 @@ func (*Policy_Timeout) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy_Timeout) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -301,14 +311,15 @@ type Policy_Stats struct {

 	UserUplink   bool `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=user_uplink,json=userUplink,proto3" json:"user_uplink,omitempty"`
 	UserDownlink bool `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=user_downlink,json=userDownlink,proto3" json:"user_downlink,omitempty"`
-	UserOnline   bool `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=user_online,json=userOnline,proto3" json:"user_online,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Policy_Stats) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy_Stats{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy_Stats) String() string {
@@ -319,7 +330,7 @@ func (*Policy_Stats) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy_Stats) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -348,13 +359,6 @@ func (x *Policy_Stats) GetUserDownlink() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Policy_Stats) GetUserOnline() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.UserOnline
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 type Policy_Buffer struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -366,9 +370,11 @@ type Policy_Buffer struct {

 func (x *Policy_Buffer) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy_Buffer{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy_Buffer) String() string {
@@ -379,7 +385,7 @@ func (*Policy_Buffer) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy_Buffer) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -414,9 +420,11 @@ type SystemPolicy_Stats struct {

 func (x *SystemPolicy_Stats) Reset() {
 	*x = SystemPolicy_Stats{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SystemPolicy_Stats) String() string {
@@ -427,7 +435,7 @@ func (*SystemPolicy_Stats) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SystemPolicy_Stats) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -477,7 +485,7 @@ var file_app_policy_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x0f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
 	0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x22, 0x1e, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x53, 0x65,
 	0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x65, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20,
-	0x01, 0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x05, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x65, 0x22, 0xc7, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x50,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x05, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x65, 0x22, 0xa6, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x50,
 	0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x12, 0x39, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74,
 	0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x1f, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70,
 	0x70, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x2e,
@@ -504,51 +512,49 @@ var file_app_policy_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x64, 0x6f, 0x77, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x6b, 0x5f, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x79, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20,
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-	0xaa, 0x02, 0x0f, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69,
-	0x63, 0x79, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
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+	0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0xaa,
+	0x02, 0x0f, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63,
+	0x79, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -564,7 +570,7 @@ func file_app_policy_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 9)
-var file_app_policy_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_policy_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Second)(nil),             // 0: xray.app.policy.Second
 	(*Policy)(nil),             // 1: xray.app.policy.Policy
 	(*SystemPolicy)(nil),       // 2: xray.app.policy.SystemPolicy
@@ -599,6 +605,104 @@ func file_app_policy_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_policy_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Second); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SystemPolicy); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy_Timeout); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy_Stats); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy_Buffer); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SystemPolicy_Stats); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/policy/config.proto
+++ b/app/policy/config.proto
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ message Policy {
  message Stats {
    bool user_uplink = 1;
    bool user_downlink = 2;
-    bool user_online = 3;
  }

  message Buffer {
--- a/app/policy/policy.go
+++ b/app/policy/policy.go
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 // Package policy is an implementation of policy.Manager feature.
 package policy
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.go
@@ -3,10 +3,8 @@ package command
 import (
 	"context"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/commander"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/inbound"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
@@ -100,68 +98,6 @@ func (s *handlerServer) AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, request *AlterInboundR
 	return &AlterInboundResponse{}, operation.ApplyInbound(ctx, handler)
 }

-func (s *handlerServer) ListInbounds(ctx context.Context, request *ListInboundsRequest) (*ListInboundsResponse, error) {
-	handlers := s.ihm.ListHandlers(ctx)
-	response := &ListInboundsResponse{}
-	if request.GetIsOnlyTags() {
-		for _, handler := range handlers {
-			response.Inbounds = append(response.Inbounds, &core.InboundHandlerConfig{
-				Tag: handler.Tag(),
-			})
-		}
-	} else {
-		for _, handler := range handlers {
-			response.Inbounds = append(response.Inbounds, &core.InboundHandlerConfig{
-				Tag:              handler.Tag(),
-				ReceiverSettings: handler.ReceiverSettings(),
-				ProxySettings:    handler.ProxySettings(),
-			})
-		}
-	}
-
-	return response, nil
-}
-
-func (s *handlerServer) GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, request *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
-	handler, err := s.ihm.GetHandler(ctx, request.Tag)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to get handler: ", request.Tag).Base(err)
-	}
-	p, err := getInbound(handler)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	um, ok := p.(proxy.UserManager)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("proxy is not a UserManager")
-	}
-	if len(request.Email) > 0 {
-		return &GetInboundUserResponse{Users: []*protocol.User{protocol.ToProtoUser(um.GetUser(ctx, request.Email))}}, nil
-	}
-	var result = make([]*protocol.User, 0, 100)
-	users := um.GetUsers(ctx)
-	for _, u := range users {
-		result = append(result, protocol.ToProtoUser(u))
-	}
-	return &GetInboundUserResponse{Users: result}, nil
-}
-
-func (s *handlerServer) GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, request *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error) {
-	handler, err := s.ihm.GetHandler(ctx, request.Tag)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to get handler: ", request.Tag).Base(err)
-	}
-	p, err := getInbound(handler)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	um, ok := p.(proxy.UserManager)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("proxy is not a UserManager")
-	}
-	return &GetInboundUsersCountResponse{Count: um.GetUsersCount(ctx)}, nil
-}
-
 func (s *handlerServer) AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, request *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error) {
 	if err := core.AddOutboundHandler(s.s, request.Outbound); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -187,23 +123,6 @@ func (s *handlerServer) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, request *AlterOutboun
 	return &AlterOutboundResponse{}, operation.ApplyOutbound(ctx, handler)
 }

-func (s *handlerServer) ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, request *ListOutboundsRequest) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error) {
-	handlers := s.ohm.ListHandlers(ctx)
-	response := &ListOutboundsResponse{}
-	for _, handler := range handlers {
-		// Ignore gRPC outbound
-		if _, ok := handler.(*commander.Outbound); ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		response.Outbounds = append(response.Outbounds, &core.OutboundHandlerConfig{
-			Tag:            handler.Tag(),
-			SenderSettings: handler.SenderSettings(),
-			ProxySettings:  handler.ProxySettings(),
-		})
-	}
-	return response, nil
-}
-
 func (s *handlerServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer() {}

 type service struct {
@@ -217,7 +136,7 @@ func (s *service) Register(server *grpc.Server) {
 	common.Must(s.v.RequireFeatures(func(im inbound.Manager, om outbound.Manager) {
 		hs.ihm = im
 		hs.ohm = om
-	}, false))
+	}))
 	RegisterHandlerServiceServer(server, hs)

 	// For compatibility purposes
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.pb.go
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.proto
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.proto
@@ -37,27 +37,6 @@ message AlterInboundRequest {

 message AlterInboundResponse {}

-message ListInboundsRequest {
-  bool isOnlyTags = 1;
-}
-
-message ListInboundsResponse {
-  repeated core.InboundHandlerConfig inbounds = 1;
-}
-
-message GetInboundUserRequest {
-  string tag = 1;
-  string email = 2;
-}
-
-message GetInboundUserResponse {
-  repeated xray.common.protocol.User users = 1;
-}
-
-message GetInboundUsersCountResponse {
-  int64 count = 1;
-}
-
 message AddOutboundRequest {
  core.OutboundHandlerConfig outbound = 1;
 }
@@ -77,12 +56,6 @@ message AlterOutboundRequest {

 message AlterOutboundResponse {}

-message ListOutboundsRequest {}
-
-message ListOutboundsResponse {
-  repeated core.OutboundHandlerConfig outbounds = 1;
-}
-
 service HandlerService {
  rpc AddInbound(AddInboundRequest) returns (AddInboundResponse) {}

@@ -90,19 +63,11 @@ service HandlerService {

  rpc AlterInbound(AlterInboundRequest) returns (AlterInboundResponse) {}

-  rpc ListInbounds(ListInboundsRequest) returns (ListInboundsResponse) {}
-
-  rpc GetInboundUsers(GetInboundUserRequest) returns (GetInboundUserResponse) {}
-
-  rpc GetInboundUsersCount(GetInboundUserRequest) returns (GetInboundUsersCountResponse) {}
-
  rpc AddOutbound(AddOutboundRequest) returns (AddOutboundResponse) {}

  rpc RemoveOutbound(RemoveOutboundRequest) returns (RemoveOutboundResponse) {}

  rpc AlterOutbound(AlterOutboundRequest) returns (AlterOutboundResponse) {}
-
-  rpc ListOutbounds(ListOutboundsRequest) returns (ListOutboundsResponse) {}
 }

 message Config {}
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.3.0
+// - protoc             v5.27.0
 // source: app/proxyman/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -15,20 +15,16 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 const (
-	HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName           = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddInbound"
-	HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveInbound"
-	HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName         = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterInbound"
-	HandlerService_ListInbounds_FullMethodName         = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/ListInbounds"
-	HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName      = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/GetInboundUsers"
-	HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/GetInboundUsersCount"
-	HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName          = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddOutbound"
-	HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName       = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveOutbound"
-	HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterOutbound"
-	HandlerService_ListOutbounds_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/ListOutbounds"
+	HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName     = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddInbound"
+	HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName  = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveInbound"
+	HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName   = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterInbound"
+	HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName    = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddOutbound"
+	HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveOutbound"
+	HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName  = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterOutbound"
 )

 // HandlerServiceClient is the client API for HandlerService service.
@@ -38,13 +34,9 @@ type HandlerServiceClient interface {
 	AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddInboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error)
 	AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterInboundResponse, error)
-	ListInbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListInboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListInboundsResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error)
 	AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddOutboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error)
 	AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error)
-	ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListOutboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error)
 }

 type handlerServiceClient struct {
@@ -56,9 +48,8 @@ func NewHandlerServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) HandlerServiceClient {
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddInboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AddInboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -66,9 +57,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundReq
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RemoveInboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -76,39 +66,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInbo
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterInboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AlterInboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *handlerServiceClient) ListInbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListInboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListInboundsResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(ListInboundsResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_ListInbounds_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(GetInboundUserResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(GetInboundUsersCountResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -116,9 +75,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *Get
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddOutboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AddOutboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -126,9 +84,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundR
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RemoveOutboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -136,19 +93,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOut
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AlterOutboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *handlerServiceClient) ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListOutboundsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(ListOutboundsResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_ListOutbounds_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -157,27 +103,20 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) ListOutbounds(ctx context.Context, in *ListOutbou

 // HandlerServiceServer is the server API for HandlerService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type HandlerServiceServer interface {
 	AddInbound(context.Context, *AddInboundRequest) (*AddInboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveInbound(context.Context, *RemoveInboundRequest) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error)
 	AlterInbound(context.Context, *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error)
-	ListInbounds(context.Context, *ListInboundsRequest) (*ListInboundsResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsers(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsersCount(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error)
 	AddOutbound(context.Context, *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveOutbound(context.Context, *RemoveOutboundRequest) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error)
 	AlterOutbound(context.Context, *AlterOutboundRequest) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error)
-	ListOutbounds(context.Context, *ListOutboundsRequest) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer struct {
+}

 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AddInbound(context.Context, *AddInboundRequest) (*AddInboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AddInbound not implemented")
@@ -188,15 +127,6 @@ func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) RemoveInbound(context.Context, *RemoveI
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AlterInbound(context.Context, *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AlterInbound not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) ListInbounds(context.Context, *ListInboundsRequest) (*ListInboundsResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListInbounds not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) GetInboundUsers(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetInboundUsers not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) GetInboundUsersCount(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetInboundUsersCount not implemented")
-}
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AddOutbound(context.Context, *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AddOutbound not implemented")
 }
@@ -206,11 +136,7 @@ func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) RemoveOutbound(context.Context, *Remove
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AlterOutbound(context.Context, *AlterOutboundRequest) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AlterOutbound not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) ListOutbounds(context.Context, *ListOutboundsRequest) (*ListOutboundsResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListOutbounds not implemented")
-}
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                        {}

 // UnsafeHandlerServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to HandlerServiceServer will
@@ -220,13 +146,6 @@ type UnsafeHandlerServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterHandlerServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv HandlerServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&HandlerService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

@@ -284,60 +203,6 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }

-func _HandlerService_ListInbounds_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(ListInboundsRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListInbounds(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_ListInbounds_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListInbounds(ctx, req.(*ListInboundsRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
-func _HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(GetInboundUserRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsers(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsers(ctx, req.(*GetInboundUserRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
-func _HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(GetInboundUserRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsersCount(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsersCount(ctx, req.(*GetInboundUserRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
 func _HandlerService_AddOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
 	in := new(AddOutboundRequest)
 	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
@@ -392,24 +257,6 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }

-func _HandlerService_ListOutbounds_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(ListOutboundsRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListOutbounds(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_ListOutbounds_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).ListOutbounds(ctx, req.(*ListOutboundsRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
 // HandlerService_ServiceDesc is the grpc.ServiceDesc for HandlerService service.
 // It's only intended for direct use with grpc.RegisterService,
 // and not to be introspected or modified (even as a copy)
@@ -429,18 +276,6 @@ var HandlerService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "AlterInbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler,
 		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "ListInbounds",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_ListInbounds_Handler,
-		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "GetInboundUsers",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_Handler,
-		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "GetInboundUsersCount",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_Handler,
-		},
 		{
 			MethodName: "AddOutbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AddOutbound_Handler,
@@ -453,10 +288,6 @@ var HandlerService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "AlterOutbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AlterOutbound_Handler,
 		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "ListOutbounds",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_ListOutbounds_Handler,
-		},
 	},
 	Streams:  []grpc.StreamDesc{},
 	Metadata: "app/proxyman/command/command.proto",
--- a/app/proxyman/command/doc.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/doc.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package command
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/proxyman/config.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.go
@@ -1 +1,39 @@
 package proxyman
+
+func (s *AllocationStrategy) GetConcurrencyValue() uint32 {
+	if s == nil || s.Concurrency == nil {
+		return 3
+	}
+	return s.Concurrency.Value
+}
+
+func (s *AllocationStrategy) GetRefreshValue() uint32 {
+	if s == nil || s.Refresh == nil {
+		return 5
+	}
+	return s.Refresh.Value
+}
+
+func (c *ReceiverConfig) GetEffectiveSniffingSettings() *SniffingConfig {
+	if c.SniffingSettings != nil {
+		return c.SniffingSettings
+	}
+
+	if len(c.DomainOverride) > 0 {
+		var p []string
+		for _, kd := range c.DomainOverride {
+			switch kd {
+			case KnownProtocols_HTTP:
+				p = append(p, "http")
+			case KnownProtocols_TLS:
+				p = append(p, "tls")
+			}
+		}
+		return &SniffingConfig{
+			Enabled:             true,
+			DestinationOverride: p,
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
--- a/app/proxyman/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.pb.go
--- a/app/proxyman/config.proto
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.proto
@@ -13,6 +13,38 @@ import "common/serial/typed_message.proto";

 message InboundConfig {}

+message AllocationStrategy {
+  enum Type {
+    // Always allocate all connection handlers.
+    Always = 0;
+
+    // Randomly allocate specific range of handlers.
+    Random = 1;
+
+    // External. Not supported yet.
+    External = 2;
+  }
+
+  Type type = 1;
+
+  message AllocationStrategyConcurrency { uint32 value = 1; }
+
+  // Number of handlers (ports) running in parallel.
+  // Default value is 3 if unset.
+  AllocationStrategyConcurrency concurrency = 2;
+
+  message AllocationStrategyRefresh { uint32 value = 1; }
+
+  // Number of minutes before a handler is regenerated.
+  // Default value is 5 if unset.
+  AllocationStrategyRefresh refresh = 3;
+}
+
+enum KnownProtocols {
+  HTTP = 0;
+  TLS = 1;
+}
+
 message SniffingConfig {
  // Whether or not to enable content sniffing on an inbound connection.
  bool enabled = 1;
@@ -35,10 +67,14 @@ message ReceiverConfig {
  xray.common.net.PortList port_list = 1;
  // Listen specifies the IP address that the Receiver should listen on.
  xray.common.net.IPOrDomain listen = 2;
-  xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig stream_settings = 3;
-  bool receive_original_destination = 4;
-  reserved 5;
-  SniffingConfig sniffing_settings = 6;
+  AllocationStrategy allocation_strategy = 3;
+  xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig stream_settings = 4;
+  bool receive_original_destination = 5;
+  reserved 6;
+  // Override domains for the given protocol.
+  // Deprecated. Use sniffing_settings.
+  repeated KnownProtocols domain_override = 7 [ deprecated = true ];
+  SniffingConfig sniffing_settings = 8;
 }

 message InboundHandlerConfig {
@@ -56,7 +92,6 @@ message SenderConfig {
  xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig proxy_settings = 3;
  MultiplexingConfig multiplex_settings = 4;
  string via_cidr = 5;
-  xray.transport.internet.DomainStrategy target_strategy = 6;
 }

 message MultiplexingConfig {
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/always.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/always.go
@@ -5,16 +5,15 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/policy"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/stats"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/proxy"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

 func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter) {
@@ -43,12 +42,10 @@ func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter)
 }

 type AlwaysOnInboundHandler struct {
-	proxyConfig    interface{}
-	receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig
-	proxy          proxy.Inbound
-	workers        []worker
-	mux            *mux.Server
-	tag            string
+	proxy   proxy.Inbound
+	workers []worker
+	mux     *mux.Server
+	tag     string
 }

 func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig, proxyConfig interface{}) (*AlwaysOnInboundHandler, error) {
@@ -62,11 +59,9 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 	}

 	h := &AlwaysOnInboundHandler{
-		receiverConfig: receiverConfig,
-		proxyConfig:    proxyConfig,
-		proxy:          p,
-		mux:            mux.NewServer(ctx),
-		tag:            tag,
+		proxy: p,
+		mux:   mux.NewServer(ctx),
+		tag:   tag,
 	}

 	uplinkCounter, downlinkCounter := getStatCounter(core.MustFromContext(ctx), tag)
@@ -102,7 +97,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 				stream:          mss,
 				tag:             tag,
 				dispatcher:      h.mux,
-				sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.SniffingSettings,
+				sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
 				uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
 				downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
 				ctx:             ctx,
@@ -124,7 +119,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 						recvOrigDest:    receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination,
 						tag:             tag,
 						dispatcher:      h.mux,
-						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.SniffingSettings,
+						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
 						uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
 						downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
 						ctx:             ctx,
@@ -139,7 +134,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 						address:         address,
 						port:            net.Port(port),
 						dispatcher:      h.mux,
-						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.SniffingSettings,
+						sniffingConfig:  receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
 						uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
 						downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
 						stream:          mss,
@@ -177,6 +172,14 @@ func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }

+func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) GetRandomInboundProxy() (interface{}, net.Port, int) {
+	if len(h.workers) == 0 {
+		return nil, 0, 0
+	}
+	w := h.workers[dice.Roll(len(h.workers))]
+	return w.Proxy(), w.Port(), 9999
+}
+
 func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Tag() string {
 	return h.tag
 }
@@ -184,16 +187,3 @@ func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Tag() string {
 func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) GetInbound() proxy.Inbound {
 	return h.proxy
 }
-
-// ReceiverSettings implements inbound.Handler.
-func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) ReceiverSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return serial.ToTypedMessage(h.receiverConfig)
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements inbound.Handler.
-func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	if v, ok := h.proxyConfig.(proto.Message); ok {
-		return serial.ToTypedMessage(v)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/dynamic.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/dynamic.go
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+package inbound
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/proxy"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
+)
+
+type DynamicInboundHandler struct {
+	tag            string
+	v              *core.Instance
+	proxyConfig    interface{}
+	receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig
+	streamSettings *internet.MemoryStreamConfig
+	portMutex      sync.Mutex
+	portsInUse     map[net.Port]bool
+	workerMutex    sync.RWMutex
+	worker         []worker
+	lastRefresh    time.Time
+	mux            *mux.Server
+	task           *task.Periodic
+
+	ctx context.Context
+}
+
+func NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig, proxyConfig interface{}) (*DynamicInboundHandler, error) {
+	v := core.MustFromContext(ctx)
+	h := &DynamicInboundHandler{
+		tag:            tag,
+		proxyConfig:    proxyConfig,
+		receiverConfig: receiverConfig,
+		portsInUse:     make(map[net.Port]bool),
+		mux:            mux.NewServer(ctx),
+		v:              v,
+		ctx:            ctx,
+	}
+
+	mss, err := internet.ToMemoryStreamConfig(receiverConfig.StreamSettings)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse stream settings").Base(err).AtWarning()
+	}
+	if receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination {
+		if mss.SocketSettings == nil {
+			mss.SocketSettings = &internet.SocketConfig{}
+		}
+		if mss.SocketSettings.Tproxy == internet.SocketConfig_Off {
+			mss.SocketSettings.Tproxy = internet.SocketConfig_Redirect
+		}
+		mss.SocketSettings.ReceiveOriginalDestAddress = true
+	}
+
+	h.streamSettings = mss
+
+	h.task = &task.Periodic{
+		Interval: time.Minute * time.Duration(h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetRefreshValue()),
+		Execute:  h.refresh,
+	}
+
+	return h, nil
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) allocatePort() net.Port {
+	allPorts := []int32{}
+	for _, pr := range h.receiverConfig.PortList.Range {
+		for i := pr.From; i <= pr.To; i++ {
+			allPorts = append(allPorts, int32(i))
+		}
+	}
+	h.portMutex.Lock()
+	defer h.portMutex.Unlock()
+
+	for {
+		r := dice.Roll(len(allPorts))
+		port := net.Port(allPorts[r])
+		_, used := h.portsInUse[port]
+		if !used {
+			h.portsInUse[port] = true
+			return port
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) closeWorkers(workers []worker) {
+	ports2Del := make([]net.Port, len(workers))
+	for idx, worker := range workers {
+		ports2Del[idx] = worker.Port()
+		if err := worker.Close(); err != nil {
+			errors.LogInfoInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to close worker")
+		}
+	}
+
+	h.portMutex.Lock()
+	for _, port := range ports2Del {
+		delete(h.portsInUse, port)
+	}
+	h.portMutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) refresh() error {
+	h.lastRefresh = time.Now()
+
+	timeout := time.Minute * time.Duration(h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetRefreshValue()) * 2
+	concurrency := h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetConcurrencyValue()
+	workers := make([]worker, 0, concurrency)
+
+	address := h.receiverConfig.Listen.AsAddress()
+	if address == nil {
+		address = net.AnyIP
+	}
+
+	uplinkCounter, downlinkCounter := getStatCounter(h.v, h.tag)
+
+	for i := uint32(0); i < concurrency; i++ {
+		port := h.allocatePort()
+		rawProxy, err := core.CreateObject(h.v, h.proxyConfig)
+		if err != nil {
+			errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create proxy instance")
+			continue
+		}
+		p := rawProxy.(proxy.Inbound)
+		nl := p.Network()
+		if net.HasNetwork(nl, net.Network_TCP) {
+			worker := &tcpWorker{
+				tag:             h.tag,
+				address:         address,
+				port:            port,
+				proxy:           p,
+				stream:          h.streamSettings,
+				recvOrigDest:    h.receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination,
+				dispatcher:      h.mux,
+				sniffingConfig:  h.receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
+				uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
+				downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
+				ctx:             h.ctx,
+			}
+			if err := worker.Start(); err != nil {
+				errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create TCP worker")
+				continue
+			}
+			workers = append(workers, worker)
+		}
+
+		if net.HasNetwork(nl, net.Network_UDP) {
+			worker := &udpWorker{
+				tag:             h.tag,
+				proxy:           p,
+				address:         address,
+				port:            port,
+				dispatcher:      h.mux,
+				sniffingConfig:  h.receiverConfig.GetEffectiveSniffingSettings(),
+				uplinkCounter:   uplinkCounter,
+				downlinkCounter: downlinkCounter,
+				stream:          h.streamSettings,
+				ctx:             h.ctx,
+			}
+			if err := worker.Start(); err != nil {
+				errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create UDP worker")
+				continue
+			}
+			workers = append(workers, worker)
+		}
+	}
+
+	h.workerMutex.Lock()
+	h.worker = workers
+	h.workerMutex.Unlock()
+
+	time.AfterFunc(timeout, func() {
+		h.closeWorkers(workers)
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) Start() error {
+	return h.task.Start()
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) Close() error {
+	return h.task.Close()
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) GetRandomInboundProxy() (interface{}, net.Port, int) {
+	h.workerMutex.RLock()
+	defer h.workerMutex.RUnlock()
+
+	if len(h.worker) == 0 {
+		return nil, 0, 0
+	}
+	w := h.worker[dice.Roll(len(h.worker))]
+	expire := h.receiverConfig.AllocationStrategy.GetRefreshValue() - uint32(time.Since(h.lastRefresh)/time.Minute)
+	return w.Proxy(), w.Port(), int(expire)
+}
+
+func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) Tag() string {
+	return h.tag
+}
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/inbound.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/inbound.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package inbound

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"sync"
@@ -7,17 +9,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/inbound"
 )

-// Manager manages all inbound handlers.
+// Manager is to manage all inbound handlers.
 type Manager struct {
 	access          sync.RWMutex
-	untaggedHandlers []inbound.Handler
+	untaggedHandler []inbound.Handler
 	taggedHandlers  map[string]inbound.Handler
 	running         bool
 }
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AddHandler(ctx context.Context, handler inbound.Handler) error
 		}
 		m.taggedHandlers[tag] = handler
 	} else {
-		m.untaggedHandlers = append(m.untaggedHandlers, handler)
+		m.untaggedHandler = append(m.untaggedHandler, handler)
 	}

 	if m.running {
@@ -89,21 +90,6 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {
 	return common.ErrNoClue
 }

-// ListHandlers implements inbound.Manager.
-func (m *Manager) ListHandlers(ctx context.Context) []inbound.Handler {
-	m.access.RLock()
-	defer m.access.RUnlock()
-
-	response := make([]inbound.Handler, len(m.untaggedHandlers))
-	copy(response, m.untaggedHandlers)
-
-	for _, v := range m.taggedHandlers {
-		response = append(response, v)
-	}
-
-	return response
-}
-
 // Start implements common.Runnable.
 func (m *Manager) Start() error {
 	m.access.Lock()
@@ -117,7 +103,7 @@ func (m *Manager) Start() error {
 		}
 	}

-	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandlers {
+	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandler {
 		if err := handler.Start(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -138,7 +124,7 @@ func (m *Manager) Close() error {
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
 	}
-	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandlers {
+	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandler {
 		if err := handler.Close(); err != nil {
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
@@ -174,11 +160,16 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.InboundHandlerConfig) (inbound
 			Mark: streamSettings.SocketSettings.Mark,
 		})
 	}
-	if streamSettings != nil && streamSettings.ProtocolName == "splithttp" {
-		ctx = session.ContextWithAllowedNetwork(ctx, net.Network_UDP)
+
+	allocStrategy := receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy
+	if allocStrategy == nil || allocStrategy.Type == proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Always {
+		return NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
 	}

-	return NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
+	if allocStrategy.Type == proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Random {
+		return NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
+	}
+	return nil, errors.New("unknown allocation strategy: ", receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy.Type).AtError()
 }

 func init() {
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/worker.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/worker.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package inbound

 import (
 	"context"
-	gonet "net"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
@@ -77,25 +76,7 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 		case internet.SocketConfig_TProxy:
 			dest = net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr())
 		}
-
 		if dest.IsValid() {
-			// Check if try to connect to this inbound itself (can cause loopback)
-			var isLoopBack bool
-			if w.address == net.AnyIP || w.address == net.AnyIPv6 {
-				if dest.Port.Value() == w.port.Value() && IsLocal(dest.Address.IP()) {
-					isLoopBack = true
-				}
-			} else {
-				if w.hub.Addr().String() == dest.NetAddr() {
-					isLoopBack = true
-				}
-			}
-			if isLoopBack {
-				cancel()
-				conn.Close()
-				errors.LogError(ctx, errors.New("loopback connection detected"))
-				return
-			}
 			outbounds[0].Target = dest
 		}
 	}
@@ -110,7 +91,6 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	}
 	ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
 		Source:  net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.RemoteAddr()),
-		Local:   net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr()),
 		Gateway: net.TCPDestination(w.address, w.port),
 		Tag:     w.tag,
 		Conn:    conn,
@@ -181,7 +161,6 @@ type udpConn struct {
 	uplink           stats.Counter
 	downlink         stats.Counter
 	inactive         bool
-	cancel           context.CancelFunc
 }

 func (c *udpConn) setInactive() {
@@ -224,9 +203,6 @@ func (c *udpConn) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
 }

 func (c *udpConn) Close() error {
-	if c.cancel != nil {
-		c.cancel()
-	}
 	common.Must(c.done.Close())
 	common.Must(common.Close(c.writer))
 	return nil
@@ -283,7 +259,6 @@ func (w *udpWorker) getConnection(id connID) (*udpConn, bool) {
 	defer w.Unlock()

 	if conn, found := w.activeConn[id]; found && !conn.done.Done() {
-		conn.updateActivity()
 		return conn, true
 	}

@@ -331,8 +306,7 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 		common.Must(w.checker.Start())

 		go func() {
-			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(w.ctx)
-			conn.cancel = cancel
+			ctx := w.ctx
 			sid := session.NewID()
 			ctx = c.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)

@@ -341,18 +315,8 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 				outbounds[0].Target = originalDest
 			}
 			ctx = session.ContextWithOutbounds(ctx, outbounds)
-			local := net.DestinationFromAddr(w.hub.Addr())
-			if local.Address == net.AnyIP || local.Address == net.AnyIPv6 {
-				if source.Address.Family().IsIPv4() {
-					local.Address = net.AnyIP
-				} else if source.Address.Family().IsIPv6() {
-					local.Address = net.AnyIPv6
-				}
-			}
-
 			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
 				Source:  source,
-				Local:   local, // Due to some limitations, in UDP connections, localIP is always equal to listen interface IP
 				Gateway: net.UDPDestination(w.address, w.port),
 				Tag:     w.tag,
 			})
@@ -360,7 +324,6 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 			if w.sniffingConfig != nil {
 				content.SniffingRequest.Enabled = w.sniffingConfig.Enabled
 				content.SniffingRequest.OverrideDestinationForProtocol = w.sniffingConfig.DestinationOverride
-				content.SniffingRequest.ExcludeForDomain = w.sniffingConfig.DomainsExcluded
 				content.SniffingRequest.MetadataOnly = w.sniffingConfig.MetadataOnly
 				content.SniffingRequest.RouteOnly = w.sniffingConfig.RouteOnly
 			}
@@ -502,7 +465,6 @@ func (w *dsWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	}
 	ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
 		Source:  net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.RemoteAddr()),
-		Local:   net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr()),
 		Gateway: net.UnixDestination(w.address),
 		Tag:     w.tag,
 		Conn:    conn,
@@ -563,18 +525,3 @@ func (w *dsWorker) Close() error {

 	return nil
 }
-
-func IsLocal(ip net.IP) bool {
-	addrs, err := gonet.InterfaceAddrs()
-	if err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, addr := range addrs {
-		if ipnet, ok := addr.(*gonet.IPNet); ok {
-			if ipnet.IP.Equal(ip) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
--- a/app/proxyman/outbound/handler.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/outbound/handler.go
@@ -9,16 +9,13 @@ import (
 	gonet "net"
 	"os"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
-
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
@@ -30,7 +27,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/stat"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tls"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/pipe"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

 func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter) {
@@ -58,12 +54,11 @@ func getStatCounter(v *core.Instance, tag string) (stats.Counter, stats.Counter)
 	return uplinkCounter, downlinkCounter
 }

-// Handler implements outbound.Handler.
+// Handler is an implements of outbound.Handler.
 type Handler struct {
 	tag             string
 	senderSettings  *proxyman.SenderConfig
 	streamSettings  *internet.MemoryStreamConfig
-	proxyConfig     proto.Message
 	proxy           proxy.Outbound
 	outboundManager outbound.Manager
 	mux             *mux.ClientManager
@@ -106,9 +101,6 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.OutboundHandlerConfig) (outbou
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	h.proxyConfig = proxyConfig
-
-	ctx = session.ContextWithFullHandler(ctx, h)

 	rawProxyHandler, err := common.CreateObject(ctx, proxyConfig)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -181,29 +173,6 @@ func (h *Handler) Tag() string {
 func (h *Handler) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
 	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-	content := session.ContentFromContext(ctx)
-	if h.senderSettings != nil && h.senderSettings.TargetStrategy.HasStrategy() && ob.Target.Address.Family().IsDomain() && (content == nil || !content.SkipDNSResolve) {
-		strategy := h.senderSettings.TargetStrategy
-		if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != nil {
-			strategy = strategy.GetDynamicStrategy(ob.OriginalTarget.Address.Family())
-		}
-		ips, err := internet.LookupForIP(ob.Target.Address.Domain(), strategy, nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "failed to resolve ip for target ", ob.Target.Address.Domain())
-			if h.senderSettings.TargetStrategy.ForceIP() {
-				err := errors.New("failed to resolve ip for target ", ob.Target.Address.Domain()).Base(err)
-				session.SubmitOutboundErrorToOriginator(ctx, err)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
-				return
-			}
-
-		} else {
-			unchangedDomain := ob.Target.Address.Domain()
-			ob.Target.Address = net.IPAddress(ips[dice.Roll(len(ips))])
-			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "target: ", unchangedDomain, " resolved to: ", ob.Target.Address.String())
-		}
-	}
 	if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != nil && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != ob.Target.Address {
 		link.Reader = &buf.EndpointOverrideReader{Reader: link.Reader, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
 		link.Writer = &buf.EndpointOverrideWriter{Writer: link.Writer, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
@@ -215,7 +184,6 @@ func (h *Handler) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 				session.SubmitOutboundErrorToOriginator(ctx, err)
 				errors.LogInfo(ctx, err.Error())
 				common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-				common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 			}
 		}
 		if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.Target.Port == 443 {
@@ -241,10 +209,8 @@ func (h *Handler) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 	}
 out:
 	err := h.proxy.Process(ctx, link, h)
-	var errC error
 	if err != nil {
-		errC = errors.Cause(err)
-		if goerrors.Is(errC, io.EOF) || goerrors.Is(errC, io.ErrClosedPipe) || goerrors.Is(errC, context.Canceled) {
+		if goerrors.Is(err, io.EOF) || goerrors.Is(err, io.ErrClosedPipe) || goerrors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 			err = nil
 		}
 	}
@@ -255,15 +221,19 @@ out:
 		errors.LogInfo(ctx, err.Error())
 		common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
 	} else {
-		if errC != nil && goerrors.Is(errC, io.ErrClosedPipe) {
-			common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-		} else {
-			common.Close(link.Writer)
-		}
+		common.Close(link.Writer)
 	}
 	common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 }

+// Address implements internet.Dialer.
+func (h *Handler) Address() net.Address {
+	if h.senderSettings == nil || h.senderSettings.Via == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress()
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) DestIpAddress() net.IP {
 	return internet.DestIpAddress()
 }
@@ -271,9 +241,7 @@ func (h *Handler) DestIpAddress() net.IP {
 // Dial implements internet.Dialer.
 func (h *Handler) Dial(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (stat.Connection, error) {
 	if h.senderSettings != nil {
-
 		if h.senderSettings.ProxySettings.HasTag() {
-
 			tag := h.senderSettings.ProxySettings.Tag
 			handler := h.outboundManager.GetHandler(tag)
 			if handler != nil {
@@ -298,16 +266,18 @@ func (h *Handler) Dial(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (stat.Connecti
 				return h.getStatCouterConnection(conn), nil
 			}

-			errors.LogError(ctx, "failed to get outbound handler with tag: ", tag)
-			return nil, errors.New("failed to get outbound handler with tag: " + tag)
+			errors.LogWarning(ctx, "failed to get outbound handler with tag: ", tag)
 		}

 		if h.senderSettings.Via != nil {
 			outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
 			ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-			h.SetOutboundGateway(ctx, ob)
+			if h.senderSettings.ViaCidr == "" {
+				ob.Gateway = h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress()
+			} else { //Get a random address.
+				ob.Gateway = ParseRandomIPv6(h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress(), h.senderSettings.ViaCidr)
+			}
 		}
-
 	}

 	if conn, err := h.getUoTConnection(ctx, dest); err != os.ErrInvalid {
@@ -322,38 +292,6 @@ func (h *Handler) Dial(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (stat.Connecti
 	return conn, err
 }

-func (h *Handler) SetOutboundGateway(ctx context.Context, ob *session.Outbound) {
-	if ob.Gateway == nil && h.senderSettings != nil && h.senderSettings.Via != nil && !h.senderSettings.ProxySettings.HasTag() && (h.streamSettings.SocketSettings == nil || len(h.streamSettings.SocketSettings.DialerProxy) == 0) {
-		var domain string
-		addr := h.senderSettings.Via.AsAddress()
-		domain = h.senderSettings.Via.GetDomain()
-		switch {
-		case h.senderSettings.ViaCidr != "":
-			ob.Gateway = ParseRandomIP(addr, h.senderSettings.ViaCidr)
-
-		case domain == "origin":
-			if inbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx); inbound != nil {
-				if inbound.Local.IsValid() && inbound.Local.Address.Family().IsIP() {
-					ob.Gateway = inbound.Local.Address
-					errors.LogDebug(ctx, "use inbound local ip as sendthrough: ", inbound.Local.Address.String())
-				}
-			}
-		case domain == "srcip":
-			if inbound := session.InboundFromContext(ctx); inbound != nil {
-				if inbound.Source.IsValid() && inbound.Source.Address.Family().IsIP() {
-					ob.Gateway = inbound.Source.Address
-					errors.LogDebug(ctx, "use inbound source ip as sendthrough: ", inbound.Source.Address.String())
-				}
-			}
-		//case addr.Family().IsDomain():
-		default:
-			ob.Gateway = addr
-
-		}
-
-	}
-}
-
 func (h *Handler) getStatCouterConnection(conn stat.Connection) stat.Connection {
 	if h.uplinkCounter != nil || h.downlinkCounter != nil {
 		return &stat.CounterConnection{
@@ -378,35 +316,23 @@ func (h *Handler) Start() error {
 // Close implements common.Closable.
 func (h *Handler) Close() error {
 	common.Close(h.mux)
-	common.Close(h.proxy)
 	return nil
 }

-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (h *Handler) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return serial.ToTypedMessage(h.senderSettings)
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (h *Handler) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return serial.ToTypedMessage(h.proxyConfig)
-}
-
-func ParseRandomIP(addr net.Address, prefix string) net.Address {
-
-	_, ipnet, _ := gonet.ParseCIDR(addr.IP().String() + "/" + prefix)
-
-	ones, bits := ipnet.Mask.Size()
-	subnetSize := new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), uint(bits-ones))
-
-	rnd, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, subnetSize)
-
-	startInt := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ipnet.IP)
-	rndInt := new(big.Int).Add(startInt, rnd)
-
-	rndBytes := rndInt.Bytes()
-	padded := make([]byte, len(ipnet.IP))
-	copy(padded[len(padded)-len(rndBytes):], rndBytes)
-
-	return net.ParseAddress(gonet.IP(padded).String())
+func ParseRandomIPv6(address net.Address, prefix string) net.Address {
+	_, network, _ := gonet.ParseCIDR(address.IP().String() + "/" + prefix)
+
+	maskSize, totalBits := network.Mask.Size()
+	subnetSize := big.NewInt(1).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), uint(totalBits-maskSize))
+
+	// random
+	randomBigInt, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, subnetSize)
+
+	startIPBigInt := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(network.IP.To16())
+	randomIPBigInt := big.NewInt(0).Add(startIPBigInt, randomBigInt)
+
+	randomIPBytes := randomIPBigInt.Bytes()
+	randomIPBytes = append(make([]byte, 16-len(randomIPBytes)), randomIPBytes...)
+
+	return net.ParseAddress(gonet.IP(randomIPBytes).String())
 }
--- a/app/proxyman/outbound/outbound.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/outbound/outbound.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package outbound

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"sort"
@@ -145,21 +147,6 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// ListHandlers implements outbound.Manager.
-func (m *Manager) ListHandlers(ctx context.Context) []outbound.Handler {
-	m.access.RLock()
-	defer m.access.RUnlock()
-
-	response := make([]outbound.Handler, len(m.untaggedHandlers))
-	copy(response, m.untaggedHandlers)
-
-	for _, v := range m.taggedHandler {
-		response = append(response, v)
-	}
-
-	return response
-}
-
 // Select implements outbound.HandlerSelector.
 func (m *Manager) Select(selectors []string) []string {

--- a/app/reverse/bridge.go
+++ b/app/reverse/bridge.go
@@ -4,12 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/dispatcher"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
@@ -54,11 +52,6 @@ func (b *Bridge) cleanup() {
 		if w.IsActive() {
 			activeWorkers = append(activeWorkers, w)
 		}
-		if w.Closed() {
-			if w.Timer != nil {
-				w.Timer.SetTimeout(0)
-			}
-		}
 	}

 	if len(activeWorkers) != len(b.workers) {
@@ -100,11 +93,10 @@ func (b *Bridge) Close() error {
 }

 type BridgeWorker struct {
-	Tag        string
-	Worker     *mux.ServerWorker
-	Dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	State      Control_State
-	Timer      *signal.ActivityTimer
+	tag        string
+	worker     *mux.ServerWorker
+	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	state      Control_State
 }

 func NewBridgeWorker(domain string, tag string, d routing.Dispatcher) (*BridgeWorker, error) {
@@ -122,20 +114,16 @@ func NewBridgeWorker(domain string, tag string, d routing.Dispatcher) (*BridgeWo
 	}

 	w := &BridgeWorker{
-		Dispatcher: d,
-		Tag:        tag,
+		dispatcher: d,
+		tag:        tag,
 	}

 	worker, err := mux.NewServerWorker(context.Background(), w, link)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	w.Worker = worker
+	w.worker = worker

-	terminate := func() {
-		worker.Close()
-	}
-	w.Timer = signal.CancelAfterInactivity(ctx, terminate, 60*time.Second)
 	return w, nil
 }

@@ -152,65 +140,48 @@ func (w *BridgeWorker) Close() error {
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) IsActive() bool {
-	return w.State == Control_ACTIVE && !w.Worker.Closed()
-}
-
-func (w *BridgeWorker) Closed() bool {
-	return w.Worker.Closed()
+	return w.state == Control_ACTIVE && !w.worker.Closed()
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) Connections() uint32 {
-	return w.Worker.ActiveConnections()
+	return w.worker.ActiveConnections()
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) handleInternalConn(link *transport.Link) {
-	reader := link.Reader
-	for {
-		mb, err := reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
-		if err != nil {
-			if w.Timer != nil {
-				if w.Closed() {
-					w.Timer.SetTimeout(0)
-				} else {
-					w.Timer.SetTimeout(24 * time.Hour)
+	go func() {
+		reader := link.Reader
+		for {
+			mb, err := reader.ReadMultiBuffer()
+			if err != nil {
+				break
+			}
+			for _, b := range mb {
+				var ctl Control
+				if err := proto.Unmarshal(b.Bytes(), &ctl); err != nil {
+					errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse proto message")
+					break
+				}
+				if ctl.State != w.state {
+					w.state = ctl.State
 				}
 			}
-			return
 		}
-		if w.Timer != nil {
-			w.Timer.Update()
-		}
-		for _, b := range mb {
-			var ctl Control
-			if err := proto.Unmarshal(b.Bytes(), &ctl); err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse proto message")
-				if w.Timer != nil {
-					w.Timer.SetTimeout(0)
-				}
-				return
-			}
-			if ctl.State != w.State {
-				w.State = ctl.State
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	}()
 }

 func (w *BridgeWorker) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (*transport.Link, error) {
 	if !isInternalDomain(dest) {
-		if session.InboundFromContext(ctx) == nil {
-			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
-				Tag: w.Tag,
-			})
-		}
-		return w.Dispatcher.Dispatch(ctx, dest)
+		ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
+			Tag: w.tag,
+		})
+		return w.dispatcher.Dispatch(ctx, dest)
 	}

 	opt := []pipe.Option{pipe.WithSizeLimit(16 * 1024)}
 	uplinkReader, uplinkWriter := pipe.New(opt...)
 	downlinkReader, downlinkWriter := pipe.New(opt...)

-	go w.handleInternalConn(&transport.Link{
+	w.handleInternalConn(&transport.Link{
 		Reader: downlinkReader,
 		Writer: uplinkWriter,
 	})
@@ -223,15 +194,12 @@ func (w *BridgeWorker) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination) (*tra

 func (w *BridgeWorker) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, link *transport.Link) error {
 	if !isInternalDomain(dest) {
-		if session.InboundFromContext(ctx) == nil {
-			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
-				Tag: w.Tag,
-			})
-		}
-		return w.Dispatcher.DispatchLink(ctx, dest, link)
+		ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
+			Tag: w.tag,
+		})
+		return w.dispatcher.DispatchLink(ctx, dest, link)
 	}

-	link = w.Dispatcher.(*dispatcher.DefaultDispatcher).WrapLink(ctx, link)
 	w.handleInternalConn(link)

 	return nil
--- a/app/reverse/config.go
+++ b/app/reverse/config.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (

 func (c *Control) FillInRandom() {
 	randomLength := dice.Roll(64)
-	randomLength++
 	c.Random = make([]byte, randomLength)
 	io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, c.Random)
 }
--- a/app/reverse/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/reverse/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/reverse/config.proto

 package reverse
@@ -77,9 +77,11 @@ type Control struct {

 func (x *Control) Reset() {
 	*x = Control{}
-	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Control) String() string {
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ func (*Control) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Control) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -130,9 +132,11 @@ type BridgeConfig struct {

 func (x *BridgeConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = BridgeConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *BridgeConfig) String() string {
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ func (*BridgeConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *BridgeConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -183,9 +187,11 @@ type PortalConfig struct {

 func (x *PortalConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = PortalConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *PortalConfig) String() string {
@@ -196,7 +202,7 @@ func (*PortalConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *PortalConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -236,9 +242,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -249,7 +257,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -330,7 +338,7 @@ func file_app_reverse_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {

 var file_app_reverse_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 1)
 var file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 4)
-var file_app_reverse_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_reverse_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(Control_State)(0),   // 0: xray.app.reverse.Control.State
 	(*Control)(nil),      // 1: xray.app.reverse.Control
 	(*BridgeConfig)(nil), // 2: xray.app.reverse.BridgeConfig
@@ -353,6 +361,56 @@ func file_app_reverse_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_reverse_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Control); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*BridgeConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*PortalConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_reverse_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/reverse/portal.go
+++ b/app/reverse/portal.go
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport"
@@ -83,21 +81,9 @@ func (p *Portal) HandleConnection(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) err
 		}

 		p.picker.AddWorker(worker)
-
-		if _, ok := link.Reader.(*pipe.Reader); !ok {
-			select {
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-			case <-muxClient.WaitClosed():
-			}
-		}
 		return nil
 	}

-	if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != nil && ob.OriginalTarget.Address != ob.Target.Address {
-		link.Reader = &buf.EndpointOverrideReader{Reader: link.Reader, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
-		link.Writer = &buf.EndpointOverrideWriter{Writer: link.Writer, Dest: ob.Target.Address, OriginalDest: ob.OriginalTarget.Address}
-	}
-
 	return p.client.Dispatch(ctx, link)
 }

@@ -114,7 +100,6 @@ func (o *Outbound) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link) {
 	if err := o.portal.HandleConnection(ctx, link); err != nil {
 		errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "failed to process reverse connection")
 		common.Interrupt(link.Writer)
-		common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 	}
 }

@@ -126,16 +111,6 @@ func (o *Outbound) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }

-// SenderSettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (o *Outbound) SenderSettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ProxySettings implements outbound.Handler.
-func (o *Outbound) ProxySettings() *serial.TypedMessage {
-	return nil
-}
-
 type StaticMuxPicker struct {
 	access  sync.Mutex
 	workers []*PortalWorker
@@ -160,8 +135,6 @@ func (p *StaticMuxPicker) cleanup() error {
 	for _, w := range p.workers {
 		if !w.Closed() {
 			activeWorkers = append(activeWorkers, w)
-		} else {
-			w.timer.SetTimeout(0)
 		}
 	}

@@ -186,7 +159,7 @@ func (p *StaticMuxPicker) PickAvailable() (*mux.ClientWorker, error) {
 		if w.draining {
 			continue
 		}
-		if w.IsFull() {
+		if w.client.Closed() {
 			continue
 		}
 		if w.client.ActiveConnections() < minConn {
@@ -227,8 +200,6 @@ type PortalWorker struct {
 	writer   buf.Writer
 	reader   buf.Reader
 	draining bool
-	counter  uint32
-	timer    *signal.ActivityTimer
 }

 func NewPortalWorker(client *mux.ClientWorker) (*PortalWorker, error) {
@@ -248,14 +219,10 @@ func NewPortalWorker(client *mux.ClientWorker) (*PortalWorker, error) {
 	if !f {
 		return nil, errors.New("unable to dispatch control connection")
 	}
-	terminate := func() {
-		client.Close()
-	}
 	w := &PortalWorker{
 		client: client,
 		reader: downlinkReader,
 		writer: uplinkWriter,
-		timer:  signal.CancelAfterInactivity(ctx, terminate, 24*time.Hour), // // prevent leak
 	}
 	w.control = &task.Periodic{
 		Execute:  w.heartbeat,
@@ -266,7 +233,7 @@ func NewPortalWorker(client *mux.ClientWorker) (*PortalWorker, error) {
 }

 func (w *PortalWorker) heartbeat() error {
-	if w.Closed() {
+	if w.client.Closed() {
 		return errors.New("client worker stopped")
 	}

@@ -288,15 +255,10 @@ func (w *PortalWorker) heartbeat() error {
 		}()
 	}

-	w.counter = (w.counter + 1) % 5
-	if w.draining || w.counter == 1 {
-		b, err := proto.Marshal(msg)
-		common.Must(err)
-		mb := buf.MergeBytes(nil, b)
-		w.timer.Update()
-		return w.writer.WriteMultiBuffer(mb)
-	}
-	return nil
+	b, err := proto.Marshal(msg)
+	common.Must(err)
+	mb := buf.MergeBytes(nil, b)
+	return w.writer.WriteMultiBuffer(mb)
 }

 func (w *PortalWorker) IsFull() bool {
--- a/app/reverse/reverse.go
+++ b/app/reverse/reverse.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package reverse

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"

@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 )

 const (
-	internalDomain = "reverse"
+	internalDomain = "reverse.internal.v2fly.org" // make reverse proxy compatible with v2fly
 )

 func isDomain(dest net.Destination, domain string) bool {
--- a/app/router/balancing.go
+++ b/app/router/balancing.go
@@ -31,12 +31,6 @@ type RoundRobinStrategy struct {

 func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) InjectContext(ctx context.Context) {
 	s.ctx = ctx
-	if len(s.FallbackTag) > 0 {
-		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
-			s.observatory = observatory
-			return nil
-		}))
-	}
 }

 func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {
@@ -44,6 +38,12 @@ func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) GetPrincipleTarget(strings []string) []string {
 }

 func (s *RoundRobinStrategy) PickOutbound(tags []string) string {
+	if len(s.FallbackTag) > 0 && s.observatory == nil {
+		common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(s.ctx, func(observatory extension.Observatory) error {
+			s.observatory = observatory
+			return nil
+		}))
+	}
 	if s.observatory != nil {
 		observeReport, err := s.observatory.GetObservation(s.ctx)
 		if err == nil {
--- a/app/router/command/command.go
+++ b/app/router/command/command.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package command

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"time"
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ func (s *service) Register(server *grpc.Server) {
 		vCoreDesc := RoutingService_ServiceDesc
 		vCoreDesc.ServiceName = "v2ray.core.app.router.command.RoutingService"
 		server.RegisterService(&vCoreDesc, rs)
-	}, false))
+	}))
 }

 func init() {
--- a/app/router/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/router/command/command.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.34.1
+// 	protoc        v5.27.0
 // source: app/router/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -42,16 +42,15 @@ type RoutingContext struct {
 	Attributes        map[string]string `protobuf:"bytes,10,rep,name=Attributes,proto3" json:"Attributes,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
 	OutboundGroupTags []string          `protobuf:"bytes,11,rep,name=OutboundGroupTags,proto3" json:"OutboundGroupTags,omitempty"`
 	OutboundTag       string            `protobuf:"bytes,12,opt,name=OutboundTag,proto3" json:"OutboundTag,omitempty"`
-	LocalIPs          [][]byte          `protobuf:"bytes,13,rep,name=LocalIPs,proto3" json:"LocalIPs,omitempty"`
-	LocalPort         uint32            `protobuf:"varint,14,opt,name=LocalPort,proto3" json:"LocalPort,omitempty"`
-	VlessRoute        uint32            `protobuf:"varint,15,opt,name=VlessRoute,proto3" json:"VlessRoute,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *RoutingContext) Reset() {
 	*x = RoutingContext{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RoutingContext) String() string {
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ func (*RoutingContext) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RoutingContext) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -161,27 +160,6 @@ func (x *RoutingContext) GetOutboundTag() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *RoutingContext) GetLocalIPs() [][]byte {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.LocalIPs
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *RoutingContext) GetLocalPort() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.LocalPort
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *RoutingContext) GetVlessRoute() uint32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.VlessRoute
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 // SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest subscribes to routing statistics channel if
 // opened by xray-core.
 // * FieldSelectors selects a subset of fields in routing statistics to return.
@@ -210,9 +188,11 @@ type SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest struct {

 func (x *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest) String() string {
@@ -223,7 +203,7 @@ func (*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -264,9 +244,11 @@ type TestRouteRequest struct {

 func (x *TestRouteRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = TestRouteRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *TestRouteRequest) String() string {
@@ -277,7 +259,7 @@ func (*TestRouteRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *TestRouteRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -323,9 +305,11 @@ type PrincipleTargetInfo struct {

 func (x *PrincipleTargetInfo) Reset() {
 	*x = PrincipleTargetInfo{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *PrincipleTargetInfo) String() string {
@@ -336,7 +320,7 @@ func (*PrincipleTargetInfo) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *PrincipleTargetInfo) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -368,9 +352,11 @@ type OverrideInfo struct {

 func (x *OverrideInfo) Reset() {
 	*x = OverrideInfo{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *OverrideInfo) String() string {
@@ -381,7 +367,7 @@ func (*OverrideInfo) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OverrideInfo) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -414,9 +400,11 @@ type BalancerMsg struct {

 func (x *BalancerMsg) Reset() {
 	*x = BalancerMsg{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *BalancerMsg) String() string {
@@ -427,7 +415,7 @@ func (*BalancerMsg) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *BalancerMsg) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -466,9 +454,11 @@ type GetBalancerInfoRequest struct {

 func (x *GetBalancerInfoRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = GetBalancerInfoRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *GetBalancerInfoRequest) String() string {
@@ -479,7 +469,7 @@ func (*GetBalancerInfoRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetBalancerInfoRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -511,9 +501,11 @@ type GetBalancerInfoResponse struct {

 func (x *GetBalancerInfoResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = GetBalancerInfoResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *GetBalancerInfoResponse) String() string {
@@ -524,7 +516,7 @@ func (*GetBalancerInfoResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetBalancerInfoResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -557,9 +549,11 @@ type OverrideBalancerTargetRequest struct {

 func (x *OverrideBalancerTargetRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = OverrideBalancerTargetRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *OverrideBalancerTargetRequest) String() string {
@@ -570,7 +564,7 @@ func (*OverrideBalancerTargetRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OverrideBalancerTargetRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -607,9 +601,11 @@ type OverrideBalancerTargetResponse struct {

 func (x *OverrideBalancerTargetResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = OverrideBalancerTargetResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *OverrideBalancerTargetResponse) String() string {
@@ -620,7 +616,7 @@ func (*OverrideBalancerTargetResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OverrideBalancerTargetResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -646,9 +642,11 @@ type AddRuleRequest struct {

 func (x *AddRuleRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = AddRuleRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *AddRuleRequest) String() string {
@@ -659,7 +657,7 @@ func (*AddRuleRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AddRuleRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -696,9 +694,11 @@ type AddRuleResponse struct {

 func (x *AddRuleResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = AddRuleResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *AddRuleResponse) String() string {
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ func (*AddRuleResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AddRuleResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -734,9 +734,11 @@ type RemoveRuleRequest struct {

 func (x *RemoveRuleRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = RemoveRuleRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RemoveRuleRequest) String() string {
@@ -747,7 +749,7 @@ func (*RemoveRuleRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RemoveRuleRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -777,9 +779,11 @@ type RemoveRuleResponse struct {

 func (x *RemoveRuleResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = RemoveRuleResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RemoveRuleResponse) String() string {
@@ -790,7 +794,7 @@ func (*RemoveRuleResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RemoveRuleResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -813,9 +817,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -826,7 +832,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -851,7 +857,7 @@ var file_app_router_command_command_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x2f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x77, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x6b, 0x2e,
 	0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x1a, 0x21, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x73, 0x65,
 	0x72, 0x69, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2f, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x64, 0x5f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61,
-	0x67, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xf6, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x75,
+	0x67, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0x9c, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x75,
 	0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x78, 0x74, 0x12, 0x1e, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x49,
 	0x6e, 0x62, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52,
 	0x0a, 0x49, 0x6e, 0x62, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x54, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4e,
@@ -881,129 +887,123 @@ var file_app_router_command_command_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x03, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x11, 0x4f, 0x75, 0x74, 0x62, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x47, 0x72, 0x6f,
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 }

 var (
@@ -1019,7 +1019,7 @@ func file_app_router_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 16)
-var file_app_router_command_command_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_router_command_command_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*RoutingContext)(nil),                 // 0: xray.app.router.command.RoutingContext
 	(*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest)(nil),   // 1: xray.app.router.command.SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest
 	(*TestRouteRequest)(nil),               // 2: xray.app.router.command.TestRouteRequest
@@ -1071,6 +1071,188 @@ func file_app_router_command_command_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_router_command_command_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RoutingContext); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*TestRouteRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*PrincipleTargetInfo); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*OverrideInfo); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*BalancerMsg); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[6].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*GetBalancerInfoRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[7].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*GetBalancerInfoResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[8].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*OverrideBalancerTargetRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[9].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*OverrideBalancerTargetResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[10].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*AddRuleRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[11].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*AddRuleResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[12].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RemoveRuleRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[13].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RemoveRuleResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_router_command_command_proto_msgTypes[14].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/router/command/command.proto
+++ b/app/router/command/command.proto
@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ message RoutingContext {
  map<string, string> Attributes = 10;
  repeated string OutboundGroupTags = 11;
  string OutboundTag = 12;
-  repeated bytes LocalIPs = 13;
-  uint32 LocalPort = 14;
-  uint32 VlessRoute = 15;
 }

 // SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest subscribes to routing statistics channel if
--- a/app/router/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/router/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.3.0
+// - protoc             v5.27.0
 // source: app/router/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 const (
 	RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStats_FullMethodName  = "/xray.app.router.command.RoutingService/SubscribeRoutingStats"
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const (
 //
 // For semantics around ctx use and closing/ending streaming RPCs, please refer to https://pkg.go.dev/google.golang.org/grpc/?tab=doc#ClientConn.NewStream.
 type RoutingServiceClient interface {
-	SubscribeRoutingStats(ctx context.Context, in *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[RoutingContext], error)
+	SubscribeRoutingStats(ctx context.Context, in *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsClient, error)
 	TestRoute(ctx context.Context, in *TestRouteRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RoutingContext, error)
 	GetBalancerInfo(ctx context.Context, in *GetBalancerInfoRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetBalancerInfoResponse, error)
 	OverrideBalancerTarget(ctx context.Context, in *OverrideBalancerTargetRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*OverrideBalancerTargetResponse, error)
@@ -47,13 +47,12 @@ func NewRoutingServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) RoutingServiceClient {
 	return &routingServiceClient{cc}
 }

-func (c *routingServiceClient) SubscribeRoutingStats(ctx context.Context, in *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[RoutingContext], error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &RoutingService_ServiceDesc.Streams[0], RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStats_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
+func (c *routingServiceClient) SubscribeRoutingStats(ctx context.Context, in *SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsClient, error) {
+	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &RoutingService_ServiceDesc.Streams[0], RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStats_FullMethodName, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	x := &grpc.GenericClientStream[SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, RoutingContext]{ClientStream: stream}
+	x := &routingServiceSubscribeRoutingStatsClient{stream}
 	if err := x.ClientStream.SendMsg(in); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -63,13 +62,26 @@ func (c *routingServiceClient) SubscribeRoutingStats(ctx context.Context, in *Su
 	return x, nil
 }

-// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
-type RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsClient = grpc.ServerStreamingClient[RoutingContext]
+type RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsClient interface {
+	Recv() (*RoutingContext, error)
+	grpc.ClientStream
+}
+
+type routingServiceSubscribeRoutingStatsClient struct {
+	grpc.ClientStream
+}
+
+func (x *routingServiceSubscribeRoutingStatsClient) Recv() (*RoutingContext, error) {
+	m := new(RoutingContext)
+	if err := x.ClientStream.RecvMsg(m); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return m, nil
+}

 func (c *routingServiceClient) TestRoute(ctx context.Context, in *TestRouteRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RoutingContext, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RoutingContext)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_TestRoute_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_TestRoute_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -77,9 +89,8 @@ func (c *routingServiceClient) TestRoute(ctx context.Context, in *TestRouteReque
 }

 func (c *routingServiceClient) GetBalancerInfo(ctx context.Context, in *GetBalancerInfoRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetBalancerInfoResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(GetBalancerInfoResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_GetBalancerInfo_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_GetBalancerInfo_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -87,9 +98,8 @@ func (c *routingServiceClient) GetBalancerInfo(ctx context.Context, in *GetBalan
 }

 func (c *routingServiceClient) OverrideBalancerTarget(ctx context.Context, in *OverrideBalancerTargetRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*OverrideBalancerTargetResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(OverrideBalancerTargetResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_OverrideBalancerTarget_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_OverrideBalancerTarget_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -97,9 +107,8 @@ func (c *routingServiceClient) OverrideBalancerTarget(ctx context.Context, in *O
 }

 func (c *routingServiceClient) AddRule(ctx context.Context, in *AddRuleRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddRuleResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AddRuleResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_AddRule_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_AddRule_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -107,9 +116,8 @@ func (c *routingServiceClient) AddRule(ctx context.Context, in *AddRuleRequest,
 }

 func (c *routingServiceClient) RemoveRule(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveRuleRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveRuleResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RemoveRuleResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_RemoveRule_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, RoutingService_RemoveRule_FullMethodName, in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -118,9 +126,9 @@ func (c *routingServiceClient) RemoveRule(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveRuleReq

 // RoutingServiceServer is the server API for RoutingService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type RoutingServiceServer interface {
-	SubscribeRoutingStats(*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[RoutingContext]) error
+	SubscribeRoutingStats(*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsServer) error
 	TestRoute(context.Context, *TestRouteRequest) (*RoutingContext, error)
 	GetBalancerInfo(context.Context, *GetBalancerInfoRequest) (*GetBalancerInfoResponse, error)
 	OverrideBalancerTarget(context.Context, *OverrideBalancerTargetRequest) (*OverrideBalancerTargetResponse, error)
@@ -129,14 +137,11 @@ type RoutingServiceServer interface {
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedRoutingServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer struct {
+}

-func (UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer) SubscribeRoutingStats(*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[RoutingContext]) error {
+func (UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer) SubscribeRoutingStats(*SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsServer) error {
 	return status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method SubscribeRoutingStats not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer) TestRoute(context.Context, *TestRouteRequest) (*RoutingContext, error) {
@@ -155,7 +160,6 @@ func (UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer) RemoveRule(context.Context, *RemoveRule
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method RemoveRule not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedRoutingServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                        {}

 // UnsafeRoutingServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to RoutingServiceServer will
@@ -165,13 +169,6 @@ type UnsafeRoutingServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterRoutingServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv RoutingServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedRoutingServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&RoutingService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

@@ -180,11 +177,21 @@ func _RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStats_Handler(srv interface{}, stream grpc.
 	if err := stream.RecvMsg(m); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return srv.(RoutingServiceServer).SubscribeRoutingStats(m, &grpc.GenericServerStream[SubscribeRoutingStatsRequest, RoutingContext]{ServerStream: stream})
+	return srv.(RoutingServiceServer).SubscribeRoutingStats(m, &routingServiceSubscribeRoutingStatsServer{stream})
 }

-// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
-type RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsServer = grpc.ServerStreamingServer[RoutingContext]
+type RoutingService_SubscribeRoutingStatsServer interface {
+	Send(*RoutingContext) error
+	grpc.ServerStream
+}
+
+type routingServiceSubscribeRoutingStatsServer struct {
+	grpc.ServerStream
+}
+
+func (x *routingServiceSubscribeRoutingStatsServer) Send(m *RoutingContext) error {
+	return x.ServerStream.SendMsg(m)
+}

 func _RoutingService_TestRoute_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
 	in := new(TestRouteRequest)
--- a/app/router/command/command_test.go
+++ b/app/router/command/command_test.go
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func TestServiceSubscribeSubsetOfFields(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestServiceTestRoute(t *testing.T) {
+func TestSerivceTestRoute(t *testing.T) {
 	c := stats.NewChannel(&stats.ChannelConfig{
 		SubscriberLimit: 1,
 		BufferSize:      16,
--- a/app/router/command/config.go
+++ b/app/router/command/config.go
@@ -28,22 +28,6 @@ func (c routingContext) GetTargetPort() net.Port {
 	return net.Port(c.RoutingContext.GetTargetPort())
 }

-func (c routingContext) GetLocalIPs() []net.IP {
-	return mapBytesToIPs(c.RoutingContext.GetLocalIPs())
-}
-
-func (c routingContext) GetLocalPort() net.Port {
-	return net.Port(c.RoutingContext.GetLocalPort())
-}
-
-func (c routingContext) GetVlessRoute() net.Port {
-	return net.Port(c.RoutingContext.GetVlessRoute())
-}
-
-func (c routingContext) GetRuleTag() string {
-	return ""
-}
-
 // GetSkipDNSResolve is a mock implementation here to match the interface,
 // SkipDNSResolve is set from dns module, no use if coming from a protobuf object?
 // TODO: please confirm @Vigilans
@@ -66,10 +50,8 @@ var fieldMap = map[string]func(*RoutingContext, routing.Route){
 	"network":        func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.Network = r.GetNetwork() },
 	"ip_source":      func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.SourceIPs = mapIPsToBytes(r.GetSourceIPs()) },
 	"ip_target":      func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.TargetIPs = mapIPsToBytes(r.GetTargetIPs()) },
-	"ip_local":       func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.LocalIPs = mapIPsToBytes(r.GetLocalIPs()) },
 	"port_source":    func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.SourcePort = uint32(r.GetSourcePort()) },
 	"port_target":    func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.TargetPort = uint32(r.GetTargetPort()) },
-	"port_local":     func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.LocalPort = uint32(r.GetLocalPort()) },
 	"domain":         func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.TargetDomain = r.GetTargetDomain() },
 	"protocol":       func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.Protocol = r.GetProtocol() },
 	"user":           func(s *RoutingContext, r routing.Route) { s.User = r.GetUser() },
--- a/app/router/condition.go
+++ b/app/router/condition.go
@@ -83,6 +83,21 @@ func NewMphMatcherGroup(domains []*Domain) (*DomainMatcher, error) {
 	}, nil
 }

+func NewDomainMatcher(domains []*Domain) (*DomainMatcher, error) {
+	g := new(strmatcher.MatcherGroup)
+	for _, d := range domains {
+		m, err := domainToMatcher(d)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		g.Add(m)
+	}
+
+	return &DomainMatcher{
+		matchers: g,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 func (m *DomainMatcher) ApplyDomain(domain string) bool {
 	return len(m.matchers.Match(strings.ToLower(domain))) > 0
 }
@@ -98,13 +113,13 @@ func (m *DomainMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {

 type MultiGeoIPMatcher struct {
 	matchers []*GeoIPMatcher
-	asType   string // local, source, target
+	onSource bool
 }

-func NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips []*GeoIP, asType string) (*MultiGeoIPMatcher, error) {
+func NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips []*GeoIP, onSource bool) (*MultiGeoIPMatcher, error) {
 	var matchers []*GeoIPMatcher
 	for _, geoip := range geoips {
-		matcher, err := GlobalGeoIPContainer.Add(geoip)
+		matcher, err := globalGeoIPContainer.Add(geoip)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -113,7 +128,7 @@ func NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips []*GeoIP, asType string) (*MultiGeoIPMatcher, e

 	matcher := &MultiGeoIPMatcher{
 		matchers: matchers,
-		asType:   asType,
+		onSource: onSource,
 	}

 	return matcher, nil
@@ -122,18 +137,11 @@ func NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips []*GeoIP, asType string) (*MultiGeoIPMatcher, e
 // Apply implements Condition.
 func (m *MultiGeoIPMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 	var ips []net.IP
-
-	switch m.asType {
-	case "local":
-		ips = ctx.GetLocalIPs()
-	case "source":
+	if m.onSource {
 		ips = ctx.GetSourceIPs()
-	case "target":
+	} else {
 		ips = ctx.GetTargetIPs()
-	default:
-		panic("unreachable, asType should be local or source or target")
 	}
-
 	for _, ip := range ips {
 		for _, matcher := range m.matchers {
 			if matcher.Match(ip) {
@@ -145,33 +153,25 @@ func (m *MultiGeoIPMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 }

 type PortMatcher struct {
-	port   net.MemoryPortList
-	asType string // local, source, target
+	port     net.MemoryPortList
+	onSource bool
 }

-// NewPortMatcher create a new port matcher that can match source or local or destination port
-func NewPortMatcher(list *net.PortList, asType string) *PortMatcher {
+// NewPortMatcher create a new port matcher that can match source or destination port
+func NewPortMatcher(list *net.PortList, onSource bool) *PortMatcher {
 	return &PortMatcher{
-		port:   net.PortListFromProto(list),
-		asType: asType,
+		port:     net.PortListFromProto(list),
+		onSource: onSource,
 	}
 }

 // Apply implements Condition.
 func (v *PortMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
-	switch v.asType {
-	case "local":
-		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetLocalPort())
-	case "source":
+	if v.onSource {
 		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetSourcePort())
-	case "target":
+	} else {
 		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetTargetPort())
-	case "vlessRoute":
-		return v.port.Contains(ctx.GetVlessRoute())
-	default:
-		panic("unreachable, asType should be local or source or target")
 	}
-
 }

 type NetworkMatcher struct {
@@ -192,28 +192,18 @@ func (v NetworkMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 }

 type UserMatcher struct {
-	user    []string
-	pattern []*regexp.Regexp
+	user []string
 }

 func NewUserMatcher(users []string) *UserMatcher {
 	usersCopy := make([]string, 0, len(users))
-	patternsCopy := make([]*regexp.Regexp, 0, len(users))
 	for _, user := range users {
 		if len(user) > 0 {
-			if len(user) > 7 && strings.HasPrefix(user, "regexp:") {
-				if re, err := regexp.Compile(user[7:]); err == nil {
-					patternsCopy = append(patternsCopy, re)
-				}
-				// Items of users slice with an invalid regexp syntax are ignored.
-				continue
-			}
 			usersCopy = append(usersCopy, user)
 		}
 	}
 	return &UserMatcher{
-		user:    usersCopy,
-		pattern: patternsCopy,
+		user: usersCopy,
 	}
 }

@@ -228,11 +218,6 @@ func (v *UserMatcher) Apply(ctx routing.Context) bool {
 			return true
 		}
 	}
-	for _, re := range v.pattern {
-		if re.MatchString(user) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
 	return false
 }

--- a/app/router/condition_geoip.go
+++ b/app/router/condition_geoip.go
@@ -115,30 +115,4 @@ func (c *GeoIPMatcherContainer) Add(geoip *GeoIP) (*GeoIPMatcher, error) {
 	return m, nil
 }

-var GlobalGeoIPContainer GeoIPMatcherContainer
-
-func MatchIPs(matchers []*GeoIPMatcher, ips []net.IP, reverse bool) []net.IP {
-	if len(matchers) == 0 {
-		panic("GeoIP matchers should not be empty to avoid ambiguity")
-	}
-	newIPs := make([]net.IP, 0, len(ips))
-	var isFound bool
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		isFound = false
-		for _, matcher := range matchers {
-			if matcher.Match(ip) {
-				isFound = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if isFound && !reverse {
-			newIPs = append(newIPs, ip)
-			continue
-		}
-		if !isFound && reverse {
-			newIPs = append(newIPs, ip)
-			continue
-		}
-	}
-	return newIPs
-}
+var globalGeoIPContainer GeoIPMatcherContainer
--- a/app/router/condition_geoip_test.go
+++ b/app/router/condition_geoip_test.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package router_test

 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
@@ -14,25 +13,16 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

-func getAssetPath(file string) (string, error) {
-	path := platform.GetAssetLocation(file)
-	_, err := os.Stat(path)
-	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		path := filepath.Join("..", "..", "resources", file)
-		_, err := os.Stat(path)
-		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("can't find %s in standard asset locations or {project_root}/resources", file)
-		}
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("can't stat %s: %v", path, err)
-		}
-		return path, nil
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("can't stat %s: %v", path, err)
-	}
+func init() {
+	wd, err := os.Getwd()
+	common.Must(err)

-	return path, nil
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "resources", "geoip.dat")))
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "resources", "geosite.dat")))
+	}
 }

 func TestGeoIPMatcherContainer(t *testing.T) {
@@ -227,15 +217,10 @@ func TestGeoIPMatcher6US(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func loadGeoIP(country string) ([]*router.CIDR, error) {
-	path, err := getAssetPath("geoip.dat")
+	geoipBytes, err := filesystem.ReadAsset("geoip.dat")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	geoipBytes, err := filesystem.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	var geoipList router.GeoIPList
 	if err := proto.Unmarshal(geoipBytes, &geoipList); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
--- a/app/router/condition_test.go
+++ b/app/router/condition_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package router_test

 import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"

@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/platform"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/platform/filesystem"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/http"
@@ -17,6 +20,18 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

+func init() {
+	wd, err := os.Getwd()
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geoip.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "release", "config", "geoip.dat")))
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat")); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		common.Must(filesystem.CopyFile(platform.GetAssetLocation("geosite.dat"), filepath.Join(wd, "..", "..", "release", "config", "geosite.dat")))
+	}
+}
+
 func withBackground() routing.Context {
 	return &routing_session.Context{}
 }
@@ -91,6 +106,42 @@ func TestRoutingRule(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			rule: &RoutingRule{
+				Cidr: []*CIDR{
+					{
+						Ip:     []byte{8, 8, 8, 8},
+						Prefix: 32,
+					},
+					{
+						Ip:     []byte{8, 8, 8, 8},
+						Prefix: 32,
+					},
+					{
+						Ip:     net.ParseAddress("2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334").IP(),
+						Prefix: 128,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			test: []ruleTest{
+				{
+					input:  withOutbound(&session.Outbound{Target: net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress("8.8.8.8"), 80)}),
+					output: true,
+				},
+				{
+					input:  withOutbound(&session.Outbound{Target: net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress("8.8.4.4"), 80)}),
+					output: false,
+				},
+				{
+					input:  withOutbound(&session.Outbound{Target: net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress("2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334"), 80)}),
+					output: true,
+				},
+				{
+					input:  withBackground(),
+					output: false,
+				},
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			rule: &RoutingRule{
 				Geoip: []*GeoIP{
@@ -133,14 +184,10 @@ func TestRoutingRule(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			rule: &RoutingRule{
-				SourceGeoip: []*GeoIP{
+				SourceCidr: []*CIDR{
 					{
-						Cidr: []*CIDR{
-							{
-								Ip:     []byte{192, 168, 0, 0},
-								Prefix: 16,
-							},
-						},
+						Ip:     []byte{192, 168, 0, 0},
+						Prefix: 16,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -301,15 +348,10 @@ func TestRoutingRule(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func loadGeoSite(country string) ([]*Domain, error) {
-	path, err := getAssetPath("geosite.dat")
+	geositeBytes, err := filesystem.ReadAsset("geosite.dat")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	geositeBytes, err := filesystem.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	var geositeList GeoSiteList
 	if err := proto.Unmarshal(geositeBytes, &geositeList); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -328,6 +370,9 @@ func TestChinaSites(t *testing.T) {
 	domains, err := loadGeoSite("CN")
 	common.Must(err)

+	matcher, err := NewDomainMatcher(domains)
+	common.Must(err)
+
 	acMatcher, err := NewMphMatcherGroup(domains)
 	common.Must(err)

@@ -359,9 +404,12 @@ func TestChinaSites(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
-		r := acMatcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
-		if r != testCase.Output {
-			t.Error("ACDomainMatcher expected output ", testCase.Output, " for domain ", testCase.Domain, " but got ", r)
+		r1 := matcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
+		r2 := acMatcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
+		if r1 != testCase.Output {
+			t.Error("DomainMatcher expected output ", testCase.Output, " for domain ", testCase.Domain, " but got ", r1)
+		} else if r2 != testCase.Output {
+			t.Error("ACDomainMatcher expected output ", testCase.Output, " for domain ", testCase.Domain, " but got ", r2)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -408,6 +456,48 @@ func BenchmarkMphDomainMatcher(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }

+func BenchmarkDomainMatcher(b *testing.B) {
+	domains, err := loadGeoSite("CN")
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	matcher, err := NewDomainMatcher(domains)
+	common.Must(err)
+
+	type TestCase struct {
+		Domain string
+		Output bool
+	}
+	testCases := []TestCase{
+		{
+			Domain: "163.com",
+			Output: true,
+		},
+		{
+			Domain: "163.com",
+			Output: true,
+		},
+		{
+			Domain: "164.com",
+			Output: false,
+		},
+		{
+			Domain: "164.com",
+			Output: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < 1024; i++ {
+		testCases = append(testCases, TestCase{Domain: strconv.Itoa(i) + ".not-exists.com", Output: false})
+	}
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for _, testCase := range testCases {
+			_ = matcher.ApplyDomain(testCase.Domain)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func BenchmarkMultiGeoIPMatcher(b *testing.B) {
 	var geoips []*GeoIP

@@ -447,7 +537,7 @@ func BenchmarkMultiGeoIPMatcher(b *testing.B) {
 		})
 	}

-	matcher, err := NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips, "target")
+	matcher, err := NewMultiGeoIPMatcher(geoips, false)
 	common.Must(err)

 	ctx := withOutbound(&session.Outbound{Target: net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress("8.8.8.8"), 80)})
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
风扇滑翔翼	600ee0ed1a	Add prefix match	2024-07-06 06:12:12 +00:00
风扇滑翔翼	4bec9ab845	Add H2 path support for fallback	2024-07-04 19:59:18 +00:00