[streambuf.virt.pback]

# 31 Input/output library [[input.output]](./#input.output)

## 31.6 Stream buffers [[stream.buffers]](stream.buffers#streambuf.virt.pback)

### 31.6.3 Class template basic_streambuf [[streambuf]](streambuf#virt.pback)

#### 31.6.3.5 Virtual functions [[streambuf.virtuals]](streambuf.virtuals#streambuf.virt.pback)

#### 31.6.3.5.4 Putback [streambuf.virt.pback]

[🔗](#lib:pbackfail,basic_streambuf)

`int_type pbackfail(int_type c = traits::eof());
`

[1](#1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L3931)

The[*pending sequence*](#def:pending_sequence) is defined as forunderflow(),
with the modifications that

- [(1.1)](#1.1)

  Iftraits​::​eq_int_type(c, traits​::​eof()) returnstrue,
then the input sequence is backed up one character before the pending sequence is determined[.](#1.1.sentence-1)

- [(1.2)](#1.2)

  Iftraits​::​eq_int_type(c, traits​::​eof()) returns false, then c is prepended[.](#1.2.sentence-1)
  Whether the input sequence is backed up or modified in any other way is unspecified[.](#1.2.sentence-2)

[2](#2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L3951)

*Postconditions*: On return, the constraints ofgptr(),eback(),
andpptr() are the same as forunderflow()[.](#2.sentence-1)

[3](#3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L3961)

*Returns*: traits​::​eof() to indicate failure[.](#3.sentence-1)

Failure may occur because the input sequence could not be backed up, or if for some
other reason the pointers cannot be set consistent with the constraints[.](#3.sentence-2)

pbackfail() is called only when put back has really failed[.](#3.sentence-3)

[4](#4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L3970)

Returns some value other thantraits​::​eof() to indicate success[.](#4.sentence-1)

[5](#5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L3975)

*Default behavior*: Returnstraits​::​eof()[.](#5.sentence-1)

[6](#6)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L3980)

*Remarks*: The public functions ofbasic_streambuf call this virtual function only whengptr() is null,gptr() == eback(),
ortraits​::​eq(traits​::​to_char_type(c), gptr()[-1]) returnsfalse[.](#6.sentence-1)

Other calls shall also satisfy that constraint[.](#6.sentence-2)