[atomics.flag] # 32 Concurrency support library [[thread]](./#thread) ## 32.5 Atomic operations [[atomics]](atomics#flag) ### 32.5.10 Flag type and operations [atomics.flag] namespace std {struct atomic_flag {constexpr atomic_flag() noexcept; atomic_flag(const atomic_flag&) = delete; atomic_flag& operator=(const atomic_flag&) = delete; atomic_flag& operator=(const atomic_flag&) volatile = delete; bool test(memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) const volatile noexcept; constexpr bool test(memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) const noexcept; bool test_and_set(memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) volatile noexcept; constexpr bool test_and_set(memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) noexcept; void clear(memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) volatile noexcept; constexpr void clear(memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) noexcept; void wait(bool, memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) const volatile noexcept; constexpr void wait(bool, memory_order = memory_order::seq_cst) const noexcept; void notify_one() volatile noexcept; constexpr void notify_one() noexcept; void notify_all() volatile noexcept; constexpr void notify_all() noexcept; };} [1](#1) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6822) The atomic_flag type provides the classic test-and-set functionality[.](#1.sentence-1) It has two states, set and clear[.](#1.sentence-2) [2](#2) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6825) Operations on an object of type atomic_flag shall be lock-free[.](#2.sentence-1) The operations should also be address-free[.](#2.sentence-2) [3](#3) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6829) The atomic_flag type is a standard-layout struct[.](#3.sentence-1) It has a trivial destructor[.](#3.sentence-2) [🔗](#lib:atomic_flag,constructor) `constexpr atomic_flag::atomic_flag() noexcept; ` [4](#4) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6839) *Effects*: Initializes *this to the clear state[.](#4.sentence-1) [🔗](#lib:atomic_flag_test) `bool atomic_flag_test(const volatile atomic_flag* object) noexcept; constexpr bool atomic_flag_test(const atomic_flag* object) noexcept; bool atomic_flag_test_explicit(const volatile atomic_flag* object, memory_order order) noexcept; constexpr bool atomic_flag_test_explicit(const atomic_flag* object, memory_order order) noexcept; bool atomic_flag::test(memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) const volatile noexcept; constexpr bool atomic_flag::test(memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) const noexcept; ` [5](#5) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6859) For atomic_flag_test, let order be memory_order​::​seq_cst[.](#5.sentence-1) [6](#6) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6862) *Preconditions*: order ismemory_order​::​relaxed,memory_order​::​acquire, ormemory_order​::​seq_cst[.](#6.sentence-1) [7](#7) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6869) *Effects*: Memory is affected according to the value of order[.](#7.sentence-1) [8](#8) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6873) *Returns*: Atomically returns the value pointed to by object or this[.](#8.sentence-1) [🔗](#lib:atomic_flag_test_and_set) `bool atomic_flag_test_and_set(volatile atomic_flag* object) noexcept; constexpr bool atomic_flag_test_and_set(atomic_flag* object) noexcept; bool atomic_flag_test_and_set_explicit(volatile atomic_flag* object, memory_order order) noexcept; constexpr bool atomic_flag_test_and_set_explicit(atomic_flag* object, memory_order order) noexcept; bool atomic_flag::test_and_set(memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) volatile noexcept; constexpr bool atomic_flag::test_and_set(memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) noexcept; ` [9](#9) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6891) *Effects*: Atomically sets the value pointed to by object or by this to true[.](#9.sentence-1) Memory is affected according to the value oforder[.](#9.sentence-2) These operations are atomic read-modify-write operations ([[intro.multithread]](intro.multithread "6.10.2 Multi-threaded executions and data races"))[.](#9.sentence-3) [10](#10) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6896) *Returns*: Atomically, the value of the object immediately before the effects[.](#10.sentence-1) [🔗](#lib:atomic_flag_clear) `void atomic_flag_clear(volatile atomic_flag* object) noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag_clear(atomic_flag* object) noexcept; void atomic_flag_clear_explicit(volatile atomic_flag* object, memory_order order) noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag_clear_explicit(atomic_flag* object, memory_order order) noexcept; void atomic_flag::clear(memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) volatile noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag::clear(memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) noexcept; ` [11](#11) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6914) *Preconditions*: order ismemory_order​::​relaxed,memory_order​::​release, ormemory_order​::​seq_cst[.](#11.sentence-1) [12](#12) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6921) *Effects*: Atomically sets the value pointed to by object or by this tofalse[.](#12.sentence-1) Memory is affected according to the value of order[.](#12.sentence-2) [🔗](#lib:atomic_flag_wait) `void atomic_flag_wait(const volatile atomic_flag* object, bool old) noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag_wait(const atomic_flag* object, bool old) noexcept; void atomic_flag_wait_explicit(const volatile atomic_flag* object, bool old, memory_order order) noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag_wait_explicit(const atomic_flag* object, bool old, memory_order order) noexcept; void atomic_flag::wait(bool old, memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) const volatile noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag::wait(bool old, memory_order order = memory_order::seq_cst) const noexcept; ` [13](#13) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6944) For atomic_flag_wait, let order be memory_order​::​seq_cst[.](#13.sentence-1) Let flag be object for the non-member functions andthis for the member functions[.](#13.sentence-2) [14](#14) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6950) *Preconditions*: order ismemory_order​::​relaxed,memory_order​::​acquire, ormemory_order​::​seq_cst[.](#14.sentence-1) [15](#15) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6957) *Effects*: Repeatedly performs the following steps, in order: - [(15.1)](#15.1) Evaluates flag->test(order) != old[.](#15.1.sentence-1) - [(15.2)](#15.2) If the result of that evaluation is true, returns[.](#15.2.sentence-1) - [(15.3)](#15.3) Blocks until it is unblocked by an atomic notifying operation or is unblocked spuriously[.](#15.3.sentence-1) [16](#16) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6970) *Remarks*: This function is an atomic waiting operation ([[atomics.wait]](atomics.wait "32.5.6 Waiting and notifying"))[.](#16.sentence-1) [🔗](#itemdecl:6) `void atomic_flag_notify_one(volatile atomic_flag* object) noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag_notify_one(atomic_flag* object) noexcept; void atomic_flag::notify_one() volatile noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag::notify_one() noexcept; ` [17](#17) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6983) *Effects*: Unblocks the execution of at least one atomic waiting operation that is eligible to be unblocked ([[atomics.wait]](atomics.wait "32.5.6 Waiting and notifying")) by this call, if any such atomic waiting operations exist[.](#17.sentence-1) [18](#18) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L6989) *Remarks*: This function is an atomic notifying operation ([[atomics.wait]](atomics.wait "32.5.6 Waiting and notifying"))[.](#18.sentence-1) [🔗](#itemdecl:7) `void atomic_flag_notify_all(volatile atomic_flag* object) noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag_notify_all(atomic_flag* object) noexcept; void atomic_flag::notify_all() volatile noexcept; constexpr void atomic_flag::notify_all() noexcept; ` [19](#19) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L7002) *Effects*: Unblocks the execution of all atomic waiting operations that are eligible to be unblocked ([[atomics.wait]](atomics.wait "32.5.6 Waiting and notifying")) by this call[.](#19.sentence-1) [20](#20) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L7007) *Remarks*: This function is an atomic notifying operation ([[atomics.wait]](atomics.wait "32.5.6 Waiting and notifying"))[.](#20.sentence-1) [🔗](#itemdecl:8) `#define ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT see below ` [21](#21) [#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/threads.tex#L7017) *Remarks*: The macro ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT is defined in such a way that it can be used to initialize an object of type atomic_flag to the clear state[.](#21.sentence-1) The macro can be used in the form:atomic_flag guard = ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT; It is unspecified whether the macro can be used in other initialization contexts[.](#21.sentence-3) For a complete static-duration object, that initialization shall be static[.](#21.sentence-4)