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[time.hms.members]
# 30 Time library [[time]](./#time)
## 30.9 Class template hh_mm_ss [[time.hms]](time.hms#members)
### 30.9.2 Members [time.hms.members]
[🔗](#itemdecl:1)
`static constexpr unsigned fractional_width = see below;
`
[1](#1)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8451)
fractional_width is the number of fractional decimal digits
represented by precision[.](#1.sentence-1)
fractional_width has the value
of the smallest possible integer in the range [0, 18] such thatprecision will exactly represent all values of Duration[.](#1.sentence-2)
If no such value of fractional_width exists, thenfractional_width is 6[.](#1.sentence-3)
[*Example [1](#example-1)*:
See Table [132](#tab:time.hms.width "Table 132: Examples for fractional_­width") for some durations,
the resulting fractional_width, and
the formatted fractional second output of Duration{1}[.](#1.sentence-4)
Table [132](#tab:time.hms.width) — Examples for fractional_width [[tab:time.hms.width]](./tab:time.hms.width)
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-1)<br>**Duration** | **fractional_width** | **Formatted fractional second output** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-2)<br>hours, minutes, and seconds | 0 | |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-3)<br>milliseconds | 3 | 0.001 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-4)<br>microseconds | 6 | 0.000001 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-5)<br>nanoseconds | 9 | 0.000000001 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-6)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 2>> | 1 | 0.5 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-7)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 3>> | 6 | 0.333333 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-8)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 4>> | 2 | 0.25 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-9)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 5>> | 1 | 0.2 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-10)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 6>> | 6 | 0.166666 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-11)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 7>> | 6 | 0.142857 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-12)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 8>> | 3 | 0.125 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-13)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 9>> | 6 | 0.111111 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-14)<br>duration<int, ratio<1, 10>> | 1 | 0.1 |
| [🔗](#tab:time.hms.width-row-15)<br>duration<int, ratio<756, 625>> | 4 | 0.2096 |
— *end example*]
[🔗](#itemdecl:2)
`using precision = see below;
`
[2](#2)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8502)
precision isduration<common_type_t<Duration::rep, seconds::rep>, ratio<1, 10fractional_width>>
[🔗](#itemdecl:3)
`constexpr explicit hh_mm_ss(Duration d);
`
[3](#3)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8514)
*Effects*: Constructs an object of type hh_mm_ss which represents the Duration d with precision precision[.](#3.sentence-1)
- [(3.1)](#3.1)
Initializes is_neg with d < Duration::zero()[.](#3.1.sentence-1)
- [(3.2)](#3.2)
Initializes h with duration_cast<chrono::hours>(abs(d))[.](#3.2.sentence-1)
- [(3.3)](#3.3)
Initializes m with duration_cast<chrono::minutes>(abs(d) - hours())[.](#3.3.sentence-1)
- [(3.4)](#3.4)
Initializes s with duration_cast<chrono::seconds>(abs(d) - hours() - minutes())[.](#3.4.sentence-1)
- [(3.5)](#3.5)
If treat_as_floating_point_v<precision::rep> is true,
initializes ss with abs(d) - hours() - minutes() - seconds()[.](#3.5.sentence-1)
Otherwise, initializes ss with duration_cast<precision>(abs(d) - hours() - minutes() - seconds())[.](#3.5.sentence-2)
[*Note [1](#note-1)*:
When precision::rep is integral andprecision::period is ratio<1>,subseconds() always returns a value equal to 0s[.](#3.sentence-2)
— *end note*]
[4](#4)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8541)
*Postconditions*: If treat_as_floating_point_v<precision::rep> is true,to_duration() returns d,
otherwise to_duration() returns duration_cast<precision>(d)[.](#4.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:is_negative,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr bool is_negative() const noexcept;
`
[5](#5)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8554)
*Returns*: is_neg[.](#5.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:hours,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr chrono::hours hours() const noexcept;
`
[6](#6)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8565)
*Returns*: h[.](#6.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:minutes,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr chrono::minutes minutes() const noexcept;
`
[7](#7)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8576)
*Returns*: m[.](#7.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:seconds,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr chrono::seconds seconds() const noexcept;
`
[8](#8)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8587)
*Returns*: s[.](#8.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:subseconds,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr precision subseconds() const noexcept;
`
[9](#9)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8598)
*Returns*: ss[.](#9.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:to_duration,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr precision to_duration() const noexcept;
`
[10](#10)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8609)
*Returns*: If is_neg, returns -(h + m + s + ss),
otherwise returns h + m + s + ss[.](#10.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:operator_precision,hh_mm_ss)
`constexpr explicit operator precision() const noexcept;
`
[11](#11)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8621)
*Returns*: to_duration()[.](#11.sentence-1)

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[time.hms.nonmembers]
# 30 Time library [[time]](./#time)
## 30.9 Class template hh_mm_ss [[time.hms]](time.hms#nonmembers)
### 30.9.3 Non-members [time.hms.nonmembers]
[🔗](#itemdecl:1)
`template<class charT, class traits, class Duration>
basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const hh_mm_ss<Duration>& hms);
`
[1](#1)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8635)
*Effects*: Equivalent to:return os << format(os.getloc(), *STATICALLY-WIDEN*<charT>("{:L%T}"), hms);
[2](#2)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8642)
[*Example [1](#example-1)*: for (auto ms : {-4083007ms, 4083007ms, 65745123ms}) { hh_mm_ss hms{ms};
cout << hms << '\n';} cout << hh_mm_ss{65745s} << '\n';
Produces the output (assuming the "C" locale):-01:08:03.00701:08:03.00718:15:45.12318:15:45
— *end example*]

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[time.hms.overview]
# 30 Time library [[time]](./#time)
## 30.9 Class template hh_mm_ss [[time.hms]](time.hms#overview)
### 30.9.1 Overview [time.hms.overview]
namespace std::chrono {template<class Duration> class hh_mm_ss {public:static constexpr unsigned fractional_width = *see below*; using precision = *see below*; constexpr hh_mm_ss() noexcept : hh_mm_ss{Duration::zero()} {}constexpr explicit hh_mm_ss(Duration d); constexpr bool is_negative() const noexcept; constexpr chrono::hours hours() const noexcept; constexpr chrono::minutes minutes() const noexcept; constexpr chrono::seconds seconds() const noexcept; constexpr precision subseconds() const noexcept; constexpr explicit operator precision() const noexcept; constexpr precision to_duration() const noexcept; private:bool is_neg; // *exposition only* chrono::hours h; // *exposition only* chrono::minutes m; // *exposition only* chrono::seconds s; // *exposition only* precision ss; // *exposition only*};}
[1](#1)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8423)
The hh_mm_ss class template
splits a duration into a multi-field time structure*hours*:*minutes*:*seconds* and
possibly *subseconds*,
where *subseconds* will be a duration unit
based on a non-positive power of 10[.](#1.sentence-1)
The Duration template parameter dictates the precision
to which the time is split[.](#1.sentence-2)
A hh_mm_ss models negative durations
with a distinct is_negative getter
that returns true when the input duration is negative[.](#1.sentence-3)
The individual duration fields always return non-negative durations
even when is_negative() indicates
the structure is representing a negative duration[.](#1.sentence-4)
[2](#2)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/time.tex#L8440)
If Duration is not a specialization of duration,
the program is ill-formed[.](#2.sentence-1)