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[string.cons]
# 27 Strings library [[strings]](./#strings)
## 27.4 String classes [[string.classes]](string.classes#string.cons)
### 27.4.3 Class template basic_string [[basic.string]](basic.string#string.cons)
#### 27.4.3.3 Constructors and assignment operators [string.cons]
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor)
`constexpr explicit basic_string(const Allocator& a) noexcept;
`
[1](#1)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2431)
*Postconditions*: size() is equal to 0[.](#1.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor_)
`constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str);
constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str) noexcept;
`
[2](#2)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2443)
*Effects*: Constructs an object whose
value is that of str prior to this call[.](#2.sentence-1)
[3](#3)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2448)
*Remarks*: In the second form, str is left in a valid but unspecified state[.](#3.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor__)
`constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str, size_type pos,
const Allocator& a = Allocator());
constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type n,
const Allocator& a = Allocator());
constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str, size_type pos,
const Allocator& a = Allocator());
constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str, size_type pos, size_type n,
const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[4](#4)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2466)
Let
- [(4.1)](#4.1)
s be the value of str prior to this call and
- [(4.2)](#4.2)
rlen be pos + min(n, s.size() - pos) for the overloads with parameter n, ands.size() otherwise[.](#4.sentence-1)
[5](#5)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2477)
*Effects*: Constructs an object
whose initial value is the range [s.data() + pos, s.data() + rlen)[.](#5.sentence-1)
[6](#6)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2482)
*Throws*: out_of_range if pos > s.size()[.](#6.sentence-1)
[7](#7)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2486)
*Remarks*: For the overloads with a basic_string&& parameter,str is left in a valid but unspecified state[.](#7.sentence-1)
[8](#8)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2491)
*Recommended practice*: For the overloads with a basic_string&& parameter,
implementations should avoid allocation
if s.get_allocator() == a is true[.](#8.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor___)
`template<class T>
constexpr basic_string(const T& t, size_type pos, size_type n, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[9](#9)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2505)
*Constraints*: is_convertible_v<const T&, basic_string_view<charT, traits>> is true[.](#9.sentence-1)
[10](#10)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2510)
*Effects*: Creates a variable, sv,
as if by basic_string_view<charT, traits> sv = t; and then behaves the same as:basic_string(sv.substr(pos, n), a);
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor____)
`template<class T>
constexpr explicit basic_string(const T& t, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[11](#11)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2527)
*Constraints*:
- [(11.1)](#11.1)
is_convertible_v<const T&, basic_string_view<charT, traits>> istrue and
- [(11.2)](#11.2)
is_convertible_v<const T&, const charT*> isfalse[.](#11.sentence-1)
[12](#12)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2538)
*Effects*: Creates a variable, sv, as if bybasic_string_view<charT, traits> sv = t; and
then behaves the same as basic_string(sv.data(), sv.size(), a)[.](#12.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor_____)
`constexpr basic_string(const charT* s, size_type n, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[13](#13)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2551)
*Preconditions*: [s, s + n) is a valid range[.](#13.sentence-1)
[14](#14)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2555)
*Effects*: Constructs an object whose initial value is the range [s, s + n)[.](#14.sentence-1)
[15](#15)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2559)
*Postconditions*: size() is equal to n, andtraits​::​compare(data(), s, n) is equal to 0[.](#15.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor______)
`constexpr basic_string(const charT* s, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[16](#16)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2571)
*Constraints*: Allocator is a type
that qualifies as an allocator ([[container.reqmts]](container.reqmts "23.2.2.2 Container requirements"))[.](#16.sentence-1)
[*Note [1](#note-1)*:
This affects class template argument deduction[.](#16.sentence-2)
— *end note*]
[17](#17)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2579)
*Effects*: Equivalent to: basic_string(s, traits​::​length(s), a)[.](#17.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor_______)
`constexpr basic_string(size_type n, charT c, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[18](#18)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2590)
*Constraints*: Allocator is a type
that qualifies as an allocator ([[container.reqmts]](container.reqmts "23.2.2.2 Container requirements"))[.](#18.sentence-1)
[*Note [2](#note-2)*:
This affects class template argument deduction[.](#18.sentence-2)
— *end note*]
[19](#19)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2598)
*Effects*: Constructs an object whose value consists of n copies of c[.](#19.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor________)
`template<class InputIterator>
constexpr basic_string(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[20](#20)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2610)
*Constraints*: InputIterator is a type that qualifies as an input
iterator ([[container.reqmts]](container.reqmts "23.2.2.2 Container requirements"))[.](#20.sentence-1)
[21](#21)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2615)
*Effects*: Constructs a string from the values in the range [begin, end),
as specified in [[sequence.reqmts]](sequence.reqmts "23.2.4 Sequence containers")[.](#21.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor_________)
`template<[container-compatible-range](container.intro.reqmts#concept:container-compatible-range "23.2.2.1 Introduction [container.intro.reqmts]")<charT> R>
constexpr basic_string(from_range_t, R&& rg, const Allocator& = Allocator());
`
[22](#22)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2628)
*Effects*: Constructs a string from the values in the range rg,
as specified in [[sequence.reqmts]](sequence.reqmts "23.2.4 Sequence containers")[.](#22.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor__________)
`constexpr basic_string(initializer_list<charT> il, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
`
[23](#23)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2640)
*Effects*: Equivalent to basic_string(il.begin(), il.end(), a)[.](#23.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:basic_string,constructor___________)
`constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str, const Allocator& alloc);
constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str, const Allocator& alloc);
`
[24](#24)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2652)
*Effects*: Constructs an object whose value is
that of str prior to this call[.](#24.sentence-1)
The stored allocator is constructed from alloc[.](#24.sentence-2)
In the second form, str is left in a valid but unspecified state[.](#24.sentence-3)
[25](#25)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2659)
*Throws*: The second form throws nothing if alloc == str.get_allocator()[.](#25.sentence-1)
[🔗](#itemdecl:13)
`template<class InputIterator,
class Allocator = allocator<typename iterator_traits<InputIterator>::value_type>>
basic_string(InputIterator, InputIterator, Allocator = Allocator())
-> basic_string<typename iterator_traits<InputIterator>::value_type,
char_traits<typename iterator_traits<InputIterator>::value_type>,
Allocator>;
`
[26](#26)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2674)
*Constraints*: InputIterator is a type that qualifies as an input iterator,
and Allocator is a type that qualifies as an allocator ([[container.reqmts]](container.reqmts "23.2.2.2 Container requirements"))[.](#26.sentence-1)
[🔗](#itemdecl:14)
`template<class charT,
class traits,
class Allocator = allocator<charT>>
explicit basic_string(basic_string_view<charT, traits>, const Allocator& = Allocator())
-> basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>;
template<class charT,
class traits,
class Allocator = allocator<charT>>
basic_string(basic_string_view<charT, traits>,
typename see below::size_type, typename see below::size_type,
const Allocator& = Allocator())
-> basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>;
`
[27](#27)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2697)
*Constraints*: Allocator is a type that qualifies as
an allocator ([[container.reqmts]](container.reqmts "23.2.2.2 Container requirements"))[.](#27.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:operator=,basic_string)
`constexpr basic_string& operator=(const basic_string& str);
`
[28](#28)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2709)
*Effects*: If *this and str are the same object, has no effect[.](#28.sentence-1)
Otherwise, replaces the value of *this with a copy of str[.](#28.sentence-2)
[29](#29)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2714)
*Returns*: *this[.](#29.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:operator=,basic_string_)
`constexpr basic_string& operator=(basic_string&& str)
noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value ||
allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value);
`
[30](#30)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2727)
*Effects*: Move assigns as a sequence container ([[sequence.reqmts]](sequence.reqmts "23.2.4 Sequence containers")),
except that iterators, pointers and references may be invalidated[.](#30.sentence-1)
[31](#31)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2732)
*Returns*: *this[.](#31.sentence-1)
[🔗](#lib:operator=,basic_string__)
`template<class T>
constexpr basic_string& operator=(const T& t);
`
[32](#32)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2744)
*Constraints*:
- [(32.1)](#32.1)
is_convertible_v<const T&, basic_string_view<charT, traits>> is true and
- [(32.2)](#32.2)
is_convertible_v<const T&, const charT*> is false[.](#32.sentence-1)
[33](#33)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2753)
*Effects*: Equivalent to:basic_string_view<charT, traits> sv = t;return assign(sv);
[🔗](#lib:operator=,basic_string___)
`constexpr basic_string& operator=(const charT* s);
`
[34](#34)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2768)
*Effects*: Equivalent to:return *this = basic_string_view<charT, traits>(s);
[🔗](#lib:operator=,basic_string____)
`constexpr basic_string& operator=(charT c);
`
[35](#35)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2780)
*Effects*: Equivalent to:return *this = basic_string_view<charT, traits>(addressof(c), 1);
[🔗](#lib:operator=,basic_string_____)
`constexpr basic_string& operator=(initializer_list<charT> il);
`
[36](#36)
[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/strings.tex#L2794)
*Effects*: Equivalent to:return *this = basic_string_view<charT, traits>(il.begin(), il.size());