[ostream.general]

# 31 Input/output library [[input.output]](./#input.output)

## 31.7 Formatting and manipulators [[iostream.format]](iostream.format#ostream.general)

### 31.7.6 Output streams [[output.streams]](output.streams#ostream.general)

#### 31.7.6.2 Class template basic_ostream [[ostream]](ostream#general)

#### 31.7.6.2.1 General [ostream.general]

[1](#1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L5921)

When a function has
a parameter type *extended-floating-point-type*,
the implementation provides overloads
for all cv-unqualified extended floating-point types ([[basic.fundamental]](basic.fundamental "6.9.2 Fundamental types"))[.](#1.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:basic_ostream)

namespace std {template<class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT>>class basic_ostream : virtual public basic_ios<charT, traits> {public:// types (inherited from [basic_ios](ios "31.5.4 Class template basic_­ios [ios]"))using char_type = charT; using int_type = typename traits::int_type; using pos_type = typename traits::pos_type; using off_type = typename traits::off_type; using traits_type = traits; // [[ostream.cons]](ostream.cons "31.7.6.2.2 Constructors"), constructor/destructorexplicit basic_ostream(basic_streambuf<char_type, traits>* sb); virtual ~basic_ostream(); // [[ostream.sentry]](ostream.sentry "31.7.6.2.4 Class basic_­ostream​::​sentry"), prefix/suffixclass sentry; // [[ostream.formatted]](ostream.formatted "31.7.6.3 Formatted output functions"), formatted output basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_ostream& (*pf)(basic_ostream&));
 basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_ios<charT, traits>& (*pf)(basic_ios<charT, traits>&));
 basic_ostream& operator<<(ios_base& (*pf)(ios_base&));

 basic_ostream& operator<<(bool n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(short n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned short n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(int n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned int n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(long n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned long n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(long long n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned long long n);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(float f);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(double f);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(long double f);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(*extended-floating-point-type* f);

 basic_ostream& operator<<(const void* p);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(const volatile void* p);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(nullptr_t);
 basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_streambuf<char_type, traits>* sb); // [[ostream.unformatted]](ostream.unformatted "31.7.6.4 Unformatted output functions"), unformatted output basic_ostream& put(char_type c);
 basic_ostream& write(const char_type* s, streamsize n);

 basic_ostream& flush(); // [[ostream.seeks]](ostream.seeks "31.7.6.2.5 Seek members"), seeks pos_type tellp();
 basic_ostream& seekp(pos_type);
 basic_ostream& seekp(off_type, ios_base::seekdir); protected:// [[ostream.cons]](ostream.cons "31.7.6.2.2 Constructors"), copy/move constructor basic_ostream(const basic_ostream&) = delete;
 basic_ostream(basic_ostream&& rhs); // [[ostream.assign]](ostream.assign "31.7.6.2.3 Assignment and swap"), assignment and swap basic_ostream& operator=(const basic_ostream&) = delete;
 basic_ostream& operator=(basic_ostream&& rhs); void swap(basic_ostream& rhs); }; // [[ostream.inserters.character]](ostream.inserters.character "31.7.6.3.4 Character inserter function templates"), character inserterstemplate<class charT, class traits> basic_ostream<charT, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>&, charT); template<class charT, class traits> basic_ostream<charT, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>&, char); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, char); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, signed char); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, unsigned char); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, wchar_t) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, char8_t) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, char16_t) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, char32_t) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&, char8_t) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&, char16_t) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&, char32_t) = delete; template<class charT, class traits> basic_ostream<charT, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>&, const charT*); template<class charT, class traits> basic_ostream<charT, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>&, const char*); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const char*); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const signed char*); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const unsigned char*); template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const wchar_t*) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const char8_t*) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const char16_t*) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<char, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<char, traits>&, const char32_t*) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&, const char8_t*) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&, const char16_t*) = delete; template<class traits> basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, traits>&, const char32_t*) = delete;}

[2](#2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L6060)

The class templatebasic_ostream defines a number of member function
signatures that assist in formatting and writing output to output sequences
controlled by a stream buffer[.](#2.sentence-1)

[3](#3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L6067)

Two groups of member function signatures share common properties:
the[*formatted output functions*](#def:formatted_output_functions) (or[*inserters*](#def:inserters))
and the[*unformatted output functions.*](#def:unformatted_output_functions.) Both groups of output functions generate (or[*insert*](#def:insert))
output[*characters*](#def:characters) by actions equivalent to callingrdbuf()->sputc(int_type)[.](#3.sentence-1)

They may use other public members ofbasic_ostream except that they shall not invoke any virtual members ofrdbuf() exceptoverflow(),xsputn(),
andsync()[.](#3.sentence-2)

[4](#4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L6091)

If one of these called functions throws an exception, then unless explicitly noted otherwise
the output function setsbadbit in the error state[.](#4.sentence-1)

Ifbadbit is set inexceptions(),
the output function
rethrows the exception without completing its actions, otherwise
it does not throw anything and proceeds as if the called function had returned
a failure indication[.](#4.sentence-2)

[5](#5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/iostreams.tex#L6105)

[*Note [1](#note-1)*:

The deleted overloads of operator<< prevent formatting characters as integers and strings as pointers[.](#5.sentence-1)

â *end note*]
