[template.valarray]

# 29 Numerics library [[numerics]](./#numerics)

## 29.6 Numeric arrays [[numarray]](numarray#template.valarray)

### 29.6.2 Class template valarray [template.valarray]

#### [29.6.2.1](#overview) Overview [[template.valarray.overview]](template.valarray.overview)

[ð](#lib:valarray)

namespace std {template<class T> class valarray {public:using value_type = T; // [[valarray.cons]](#valarray.cons "29.6.2.2 Constructors"), construct/destroy valarray(); explicit valarray(size_t);
 valarray(const T&, size_t);
 valarray(const T*, size_t);
 valarray(const valarray&);
 valarray(valarray&&) noexcept;
 valarray(const slice_array<T>&);
 valarray(const gslice_array<T>&);
 valarray(const mask_array<T>&);
 valarray(const indirect_array<T>&);
 valarray(initializer_list<T>); ~valarray(); // [[valarray.assign]](#valarray.assign "29.6.2.3 Assignment"), assignment valarray& operator=(const valarray&);
 valarray& operator=(valarray&&) noexcept;
 valarray& operator=(initializer_list<T>);
 valarray& operator=(const T&);
 valarray& operator=(const slice_array<T>&);
 valarray& operator=(const gslice_array<T>&);
 valarray& operator=(const mask_array<T>&);
 valarray& operator=(const indirect_array<T>&); // [[valarray.access]](#valarray.access "29.6.2.4 Element access"), element accessconst T& operator[](size_t) const;
 T& operator[](size_t); // [[valarray.sub]](#valarray.sub "29.6.2.5 Subset operations"), subset operations valarray operator[](slice) const;
 slice_array<T> operator[](slice);
 valarray operator[](const gslice&) const;
 gslice_array<T> operator[](const gslice&);
 valarray operator[](const valarray<bool>&) const;
 mask_array<T> operator[](const valarray<bool>&);
 valarray operator[](const valarray<size_t>&) const;
 indirect_array<T> operator[](const valarray<size_t>&); // [[valarray.unary]](#valarray.unary "29.6.2.6 Unary operators"), unary operators valarray operator+() const;
 valarray operator-() const;
 valarray operator~() const;
 valarray<bool> operator!() const; // [[valarray.cassign]](#valarray.cassign "29.6.2.7 Compound assignment"), compound assignment valarray& operator*= (const T&);
 valarray& operator/= (const T&);
 valarray& operator%= (const T&);
 valarray& operator+= (const T&);
 valarray& operator-= (const T&);
 valarray& operator^= (const T&);
 valarray& operator&= (const T&);
 valarray& operator|= (const T&);
 valarray& operator<<=(const T&);
 valarray& operator>>=(const T&);

 valarray& operator*= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator/= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator%= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator+= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator-= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator^= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator|= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator&= (const valarray&);
 valarray& operator<<=(const valarray&);
 valarray& operator>>=(const valarray&); // [[valarray.members]](#valarray.members "29.6.2.8 Member functions"), member functionsvoid swap(valarray&) noexcept;

 size_t size() const;

 T sum() const;
 T min() const;
 T max() const;

 valarray shift (int) const;
 valarray cshift(int) const;
 valarray apply(T func(T)) const;
 valarray apply(T func(const T&)) const; void resize(size_t sz, T c = T()); }; template<class T, size_t cnt> valarray(const T(&)[cnt], size_t) -> valarray<T>;}

[1](#overview-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7299)

The
class templatevalarray<T> is a
one-dimensional smart array, with elements numbered sequentially from zero[.](#overview-1.sentence-1)

It is a representation of the mathematical concept
of an ordered set of values[.](#overview-1.sentence-2)

For convenience, an object of type valarray<T> is referred
to as an âarrayâ throughout the remainder of [[numarray]](numarray "29.6 Numeric arrays")[.](#overview-1.sentence-3)

The illusion of higher dimensionality
may be produced by the familiar idiom of computed indices, together
with the powerful subsetting capabilities provided
by the generalized subscript operators[.](#overview-1.sentence-4)[248](#footnote-248 "The intent is to specify an array template that has the minimum functionality necessary to address aliasing ambiguities and the proliferation of temporary objects. Thus, the valarray template is neither a matrix class nor a field class. However, it is a very useful building block for designing such classes.")

[248)](#footnote-248)[248)](#footnoteref-248)

The intent is to specify
an array template that has the minimum functionality
necessary to address aliasing ambiguities and the proliferation of
temporary objects[.](#footnote-248.sentence-1)

Thus, thevalarray template is neither a
matrix class nor a field class[.](#footnote-248.sentence-2)

However, it is a very useful building block for designing such classes[.](#footnote-248.sentence-3)

#### [29.6.2.2](#valarray.cons) Constructors [[valarray.cons]](valarray.cons)

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor)

`valarray();
`

[1](#valarray.cons-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7333)

*Effects*: Constructs a valarray that has zero length[.](#valarray.cons-1.sentence-1)[249](#footnote-249 "This default constructor is essential, since arrays of valarray can be useful. After initialization, the length of an empty array can be increased with the resize member function.")

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor_)

`explicit valarray(size_t n);
`

[2](#valarray.cons-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7354)

*Effects*: Constructs a valarray that has length n[.](#valarray.cons-2.sentence-1)

Each element of the array is [value-initialized](dcl.init#def:value-initialization "9.5 Initializers [dcl.init]")[.](#valarray.cons-2.sentence-2)

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor__)

`valarray(const T& v, size_t n);
`

[3](#valarray.cons-3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7366)

*Effects*: Constructs a valarray that has length n[.](#valarray.cons-3.sentence-1)

Each element of the array is initialized with v[.](#valarray.cons-3.sentence-2)

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor___)

`valarray(const T* p, size_t n);
`

[4](#valarray.cons-4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7379)

*Preconditions*: [p, p + n) is a valid range[.](#valarray.cons-4.sentence-1)

[5](#valarray.cons-5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7383)

*Effects*: Constructs a valarray that has length n[.](#valarray.cons-5.sentence-1)

The values of the elements of the array are initialized with the
firstn values pointed to by the first argument[.](#valarray.cons-5.sentence-2)[250](#footnote-250 "This constructor is the preferred method for converting a C array to a valarray object.")

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor____)

`valarray(const valarray& v);
`

[6](#valarray.cons-6)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7404)

*Effects*: Constructs a valarray that has the same length as v[.](#valarray.cons-6.sentence-1)

The elements are initialized with the values of the corresponding
elements of v[.](#valarray.cons-6.sentence-2)[251](#footnote-251 "This copy constructor creates a distinct array rather than an alias. Implementations in which arrays share storage are permitted, but they would need to implement a copy-on-reference mechanism to ensure that arrays are conceptually distinct.")

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor_____)

`valarray(valarray&& v) noexcept;
`

[7](#valarray.cons-7)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7424)

*Effects*: Constructs a valarray that has the same length as v[.](#valarray.cons-7.sentence-1)

The elements are initialized with the values of the corresponding
elements of v[.](#valarray.cons-7.sentence-2)

[8](#valarray.cons-8)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7430)

*Complexity*: Constant[.](#valarray.cons-8.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor______)

`valarray(initializer_list<T> il);
`

[9](#valarray.cons-9)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7441)

*Effects*: Equivalent to valarray(il.begin(), il.size())[.](#valarray.cons-9.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:valarray,constructor_______)

`valarray(const slice_array<T>&);
valarray(const gslice_array<T>&);
valarray(const mask_array<T>&);
valarray(const indirect_array<T>&);
`

[10](#valarray.cons-10)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7455)

These conversion constructors convert one of the four reference templates
to avalarray[.](#valarray.cons-10.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:valarray,destructor)

`~valarray();
`

[11](#valarray.cons-11)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7467)

*Effects*: The destructor is applied to every element of*this;
an implementation may return all allocated memory[.](#valarray.cons-11.sentence-1)

[249)](#footnote-249)[249)](#footnoteref-249)

This default constructor is essential,
since arrays ofvalarray can be useful[.](#footnote-249.sentence-1)

After initialization, the length of an empty array can be increased with theresize member function[.](#footnote-249.sentence-2)

[250)](#footnote-250)[250)](#footnoteref-250)

This constructor is the
preferred method for converting a C array to avalarray object[.](#footnote-250.sentence-1)

[251)](#footnote-251)[251)](#footnoteref-251)

This copy constructor creates
a distinct array rather than an alias[.](#footnote-251.sentence-1)

Implementations in which arrays share storage are permitted, but they
would need to implement a copy-on-reference mechanism to ensure that arrays are
conceptually distinct[.](#footnote-251.sentence-2)

#### [29.6.2.3](#valarray.assign) Assignment [[valarray.assign]](valarray.assign)

[ð](#lib:operator=,valarray)

`valarray& operator=(const valarray& v);
`

[1](#valarray.assign-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7482)

*Effects*: Each element of the*this array is assigned the value of the corresponding element of v[.](#valarray.assign-1.sentence-1)

If the length of v is not equal to the length of *this,
resizes *this to make the two arrays the same length,
as if by calling resize(v.size()), before performing the assignment[.](#valarray.assign-1.sentence-2)

[2](#valarray.assign-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7491)

*Postconditions*: size() == v.size()[.](#valarray.assign-2.sentence-1)

[3](#valarray.assign-3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7495)

*Returns*: *this[.](#valarray.assign-3.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:operator=,valarray_)

`valarray& operator=(valarray&& v) noexcept;
`

[4](#valarray.assign-4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7506)

*Effects*: *this obtains the value of v[.](#valarray.assign-4.sentence-1)

The value of v after the assignment is not specified[.](#valarray.assign-4.sentence-2)

[5](#valarray.assign-5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7511)

*Returns*: *this[.](#valarray.assign-5.sentence-1)

[6](#valarray.assign-6)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7515)

*Complexity*: Linear[.](#valarray.assign-6.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:operator=,valarray__)

`valarray& operator=(initializer_list<T> il);
`

[7](#valarray.assign-7)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7526)

*Effects*: Equivalent to: return *this = valarray(il);

[ð](#lib:operator=,valarray___)

`valarray& operator=(const T& v);
`

[8](#valarray.assign-8)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7538)

*Effects*: Assigns v to each element of *this[.](#valarray.assign-8.sentence-1)

[9](#valarray.assign-9)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7542)

*Returns*: *this[.](#valarray.assign-9.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:operator=,valarray____)

`valarray& operator=(const slice_array<T>&);
valarray& operator=(const gslice_array<T>&);
valarray& operator=(const mask_array<T>&);
valarray& operator=(const indirect_array<T>&);
`

[10](#valarray.assign-10)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7556)

*Preconditions*: The length of the array to which the argument refers equals size()[.](#valarray.assign-10.sentence-1)

The value of an element in the left-hand side of a valarray assignment
operator does not depend on the value of another element in that left-hand side[.](#valarray.assign-10.sentence-2)

[11](#valarray.assign-11)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7562)

These operators allow the results of a generalized subscripting operation
to be assigned directly to avalarray[.](#valarray.assign-11.sentence-1)

#### [29.6.2.4](#valarray.access) Element access [[valarray.access]](valarray.access)

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray)

`const T& operator[](size_t n) const;
T& operator[](size_t n);
`

[1](#valarray.access-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7577)

*Hardened preconditions*: n < size() is true[.](#valarray.access-1.sentence-1)

[2](#valarray.access-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7581)

*Returns*: A reference to the corresponding element of the array[.](#valarray.access-2.sentence-1)

[*Note [1](#valarray.access-note-1)*:

The expression (a[i] = q, a[i]) == q evaluates to true for any non-constant valarray<T> a,
any T q, and for any size_t i such that the value of i is less than the length of a[.](#valarray.access-2.sentence-2)

â *end note*]

[3](#valarray.access-3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7591)

*Remarks*: The expression addressof(a[i + j]) == addressof(a[i]) + j evaluates to true for all size_t i and size_t j such that i + j < a.size()[.](#valarray.access-3.sentence-1)

[4](#valarray.access-4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7597)

The expression addressof(a[i]) != addressof(b[j]) evaluates to true for any two arraysa and b and for anysize_t i and size_t j such that i < a.size() and j < b.size()[.](#valarray.access-4.sentence-1)

[*Note [2](#valarray.access-note-2)*:

This property indicates an absence of aliasing and can be used to
advantage by optimizing compilers[.](#valarray.access-4.sentence-2)

Compilers can take advantage
of inlining, constant propagation, loop fusion,
tracking of pointers obtained fromoperator new,
and other techniques to generate efficientvalarrays[.](#valarray.access-4.sentence-3)

â *end note*]

[5](#valarray.access-5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7614)

The reference returned by the subscript operator for an array shall
be valid until the member function[resize(size_t, T)](#lib:valarray,resize "29.6.2.8 Member functions [valarray.members]") is called for that array or until the lifetime of
that array ends, whichever happens first[.](#valarray.access-5.sentence-1)

#### [29.6.2.5](#valarray.sub) Subset operations [[valarray.sub]](valarray.sub)

[1](#valarray.sub-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7624)

The member operator[] is overloaded to provide several ways to select
sequences of elements from among those controlled by *this[.](#valarray.sub-1.sentence-1)

Each of these
operations returns a subset of the array[.](#valarray.sub-1.sentence-2)

The const-qualified versions return this
subset as a new valarray object[.](#valarray.sub-1.sentence-3)

The non-const versions return a class
template object which has reference semantics to the original array, working in
conjunction with various overloads of operator= and other assigning
operators to allow selective replacement (slicing) of the controlled sequence[.](#valarray.sub-1.sentence-4)

In each case the selected element(s) shall exist[.](#valarray.sub-1.sentence-5)

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray__)

`valarray operator[](slice slicearr) const;
`

[2](#valarray.sub-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7640)

*Returns*: A valarray containing those
elements of the controlled sequence designated by slicearr[.](#valarray.sub-2.sentence-1)

[*Example [1](#valarray.sub-example-1)*: const valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);// v0[slice(2, 5, 3)] returns valarray<char>("cfilo", 5) â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray___)

`slice_array<T> operator[](slice slicearr);
`

[3](#valarray.sub-3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7658)

*Returns*: An object that holds references to elements of the controlled
sequence selected by slicearr[.](#valarray.sub-3.sentence-1)

[*Example [2](#valarray.sub-example-2)*: valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);
valarray<char> v1("ABCDE", 5);
v0[slice(2, 5, 3)] = v1;// v0 == valarray<char>("abAdeBghCjkDmnEp", 16); â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray____)

`valarray operator[](const gslice& gslicearr) const;
`

[4](#valarray.sub-4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7678)

*Returns*: A valarray containing those
elements of the controlled sequence designated by gslicearr[.](#valarray.sub-4.sentence-1)

[*Example [3](#valarray.sub-example-3)*: const valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);const size_t lv[] = { 2, 3 };const size_t dv[] = { 7, 2 };const valarray<size_t> len(lv, 2), str(dv, 2);// v0[gslice(3, len, str)] returns// valarray<char>("dfhkmo", 6) â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray_____)

`gslice_array<T> operator[](const gslice& gslicearr);
`

[5](#valarray.sub-5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7700)

*Returns*: An object that holds references to elements of the controlled
sequence selected by gslicearr[.](#valarray.sub-5.sentence-1)

[*Example [4](#valarray.sub-example-4)*: valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);
valarray<char> v1("ABCDEF", 6);const size_t lv[] = { 2, 3 };const size_t dv[] = { 7, 2 };const valarray<size_t> len(lv, 2), str(dv, 2);
v0[gslice(3, len, str)] = v1;// v0 == valarray<char>("abcAeBgCijDlEnFp", 16) â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray______)

`valarray operator[](const valarray<bool>& boolarr) const;
`

[6](#valarray.sub-6)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7723)

*Returns*: A valarray containing those
elements of the controlled sequence designated by boolarr[.](#valarray.sub-6.sentence-1)

[*Example [5](#valarray.sub-example-5)*: const valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);const bool vb[] = { false, false, true, true, false, true };// v0[valarray<bool>(vb, 6)] returns// valarray<char>("cdf", 3) â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray_______)

`mask_array<T> operator[](const valarray<bool>& boolarr);
`

[7](#valarray.sub-7)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7743)

*Returns*: An object that holds references to elements of the controlled
sequence selected by boolarr[.](#valarray.sub-7.sentence-1)

[*Example [6](#valarray.sub-example-6)*: valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);
valarray<char> v1("ABC", 3);const bool vb[] = { false, false, true, true, false, true };
v0[valarray<bool>(vb, 6)] = v1;// v0 == valarray<char>("abABeCghijklmnop", 16) â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray________)

`valarray operator[](const valarray<size_t>& indarr) const;
`

[8](#valarray.sub-8)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7764)

*Returns*: A valarray containing those
elements of the controlled sequence designated by indarr[.](#valarray.sub-8.sentence-1)

[*Example [7](#valarray.sub-example-7)*: const valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);const size_t vi[] = { 7, 5, 2, 3, 8 };// v0[valarray<size_t>(vi, 5)] returns// valarray<char>("hfcdi", 5) â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:operator%5b%5d,valarray_________)

`indirect_array<T> operator[](const valarray<size_t>& indarr);
`

[9](#valarray.sub-9)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7784)

*Returns*: An object that holds references to elements of the controlled
sequence selected by indarr[.](#valarray.sub-9.sentence-1)

[*Example [8](#valarray.sub-example-8)*: valarray<char> v0("abcdefghijklmnop", 16);
valarray<char> v1("ABCDE", 5);const size_t vi[] = { 7, 5, 2, 3, 8 };
v0[valarray<size_t>(vi, 5)] = v1;// v0 == valarray<char>("abCDeBgAEjklmnop", 16) â *end example*]

#### [29.6.2.6](#valarray.unary) Unary operators [[valarray.unary]](valarray.unary)

[ð](#lib:operator+,valarray)

`valarray operator+() const;
valarray operator-() const;
valarray operator~() const;
valarray<bool> operator!() const;
`

[1](#valarray.unary-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7813)

*Mandates*: The indicated operator can be applied to operands of type T and returns a value of type T (bool foroperator!) or which may be unambiguously implicitly converted to typeT (bool for operator!)[.](#valarray.unary-1.sentence-1)

[2](#valarray.unary-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7820)

*Returns*: A valarray whose length is size()[.](#valarray.unary-2.sentence-1)

Each element of the returned array is initialized with the result of
applying the indicated operator to the corresponding element of the array[.](#valarray.unary-2.sentence-2)

#### [29.6.2.7](#valarray.cassign) Compound assignment [[valarray.cassign]](valarray.cassign)

[ð](#lib:operator*=,valarray)

`valarray& operator*= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator/= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator%= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator+= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator-= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator^= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator&= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator|= (const valarray& v);
valarray& operator<<=(const valarray& v);
valarray& operator>>=(const valarray& v);
`

[1](#valarray.cassign-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7853)

*Mandates*: The indicated operator can be applied to two operands of type T[.](#valarray.cassign-1.sentence-1)

[2](#valarray.cassign-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7857)

*Preconditions*: size() == v.size() is true[.](#valarray.cassign-2.sentence-1)

The value of an element in the left-hand side of a valarray compound
assignment operator does not depend on the value of another element in that left
hand side[.](#valarray.cassign-2.sentence-2)

[3](#valarray.cassign-3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7865)

*Effects*: Each of these operators
performs the indicated operation on each of the elements of *this and the
corresponding element of v[.](#valarray.cassign-3.sentence-1)

[4](#valarray.cassign-4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7871)

*Returns*: *this[.](#valarray.cassign-4.sentence-1)

[5](#valarray.cassign-5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7875)

*Remarks*: The appearance of an array on the left-hand side of a compound assignment
does not invalidate references or pointers[.](#valarray.cassign-5.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:operator*=,valarray_)

`valarray& operator*= (const T& v);
valarray& operator/= (const T& v);
valarray& operator%= (const T& v);
valarray& operator+= (const T& v);
valarray& operator-= (const T& v);
valarray& operator^= (const T& v);
valarray& operator&= (const T& v);
valarray& operator|= (const T& v);
valarray& operator<<=(const T& v);
valarray& operator>>=(const T& v);
`

[6](#valarray.cassign-6)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7905)

*Mandates*: The indicated operator can be applied to two operands of type T[.](#valarray.cassign-6.sentence-1)

[7](#valarray.cassign-7)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7909)

*Effects*: Each of these operators applies the indicated operation to each element
of *this and v[.](#valarray.cassign-7.sentence-1)

[8](#valarray.cassign-8)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7914)

*Returns*: *this[.](#valarray.cassign-8.sentence-1)

[9](#valarray.cassign-9)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7918)

*Remarks*: The appearance of an array on the left-hand side of a compound assignment
does not
invalidate references or pointers to the elements of the array[.](#valarray.cassign-9.sentence-1)

#### [29.6.2.8](#valarray.members) Member functions [[valarray.members]](valarray.members)

[ð](#lib:swap,valarray)

`void swap(valarray& v) noexcept;
`

[1](#valarray.members-1)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7933)

*Effects*: *this obtains the value ofv[.](#valarray.members-1.sentence-1)

v obtains the value of *this[.](#valarray.members-1.sentence-2)

[2](#valarray.members-2)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7938)

*Complexity*: Constant[.](#valarray.members-2.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:size,valarray)

`size_t size() const;
`

[3](#valarray.members-3)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7949)

*Returns*: The number of elements in the array[.](#valarray.members-3.sentence-1)

[4](#valarray.members-4)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7953)

*Complexity*: Constant time[.](#valarray.members-4.sentence-1)

[ð](#lib:sum,valarray)

`T sum() const;
`

[5](#valarray.members-5)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7964)

*Mandates*: operator+= can be applied to operands of type T[.](#valarray.members-5.sentence-1)

[6](#valarray.members-6)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7968)

*Preconditions*: size() > 0 is true[.](#valarray.members-6.sentence-1)

[7](#valarray.members-7)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7972)

*Returns*: The sum of all the elements of the array[.](#valarray.members-7.sentence-1)

If the array has length 1, returns the value of element 0[.](#valarray.members-7.sentence-2)

Otherwise, the returned value is calculated by applyingoperator+= to a copy of an element of the array and
all other elements of the array in an unspecified order[.](#valarray.members-7.sentence-3)

[ð](#lib:min,valarray)

`T min() const;
`

[8](#valarray.members-8)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7988)

*Preconditions*: size() > 0 is true[.](#valarray.members-8.sentence-1)

[9](#valarray.members-9)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L7992)

*Returns*: The minimum value contained in *this[.](#valarray.members-9.sentence-1)

For an array of length 1, the value of element 0 is returned[.](#valarray.members-9.sentence-2)

For all other array
lengths, the determination is made usingoperator<[.](#valarray.members-9.sentence-3)

[ð](#lib:max,valarray)

`T max() const;
`

[10](#valarray.members-10)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8007)

*Preconditions*: size() > 0 is true[.](#valarray.members-10.sentence-1)

[11](#valarray.members-11)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8011)

*Returns*: The maximum value contained in *this[.](#valarray.members-11.sentence-1)

For an array of length 1, the value of element 0 is returned[.](#valarray.members-11.sentence-2)

For all other array
lengths, the determination is made usingoperator<[.](#valarray.members-11.sentence-3)

[ð](#lib:shift,valarray)

`valarray shift(int n) const;
`

[12](#valarray.members-12)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8026)

*Returns*: A valarray of length size(), each of whose elements*I* is(*this)[*I* + n] if *I* + n is non-negative and less thansize(), otherwise T()[.](#valarray.members-12.sentence-1)

[*Note [1](#valarray.members-note-1)*:

If element zero is taken as the leftmost element,
a positive value of n shifts the elements left n places, with zero fill[.](#valarray.members-12.sentence-2)

â *end note*]

[13](#valarray.members-13)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8040)

[*Example [1](#valarray.members-example-1)*:

If the argument has the value â2,
the first two elements of the result will be [value-initialized](dcl.init#def:value-initialization "9.5 Initializers [dcl.init]"); the third element of the result will be assigned the value
of the first element of *this; etc[.](#valarray.members-13.sentence-1)

â *end example*]

[ð](#lib:cshift,valarray)

`valarray cshift(int n) const;
`

[14](#valarray.members-14)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8054)

*Returns*: A valarray of length size() that is a circular shift of *this[.](#valarray.members-14.sentence-1)

If element zero is taken as
the leftmost element, a non-negative value of n shifts
the elements circularly left n places and a negative
value of n shifts the elements circularly right ân places[.](#valarray.members-14.sentence-2)

[ð](#lib:apply,valarray)

`valarray apply(T func(T)) const;
valarray apply(T func(const T&)) const;
`

[15](#valarray.members-15)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8070)

*Returns*: A valarray whose length is size()[.](#valarray.members-15.sentence-1)

Each element of the returned array is assigned
the value returned by applying the argument function to the
corresponding element of *this[.](#valarray.members-15.sentence-2)

[ð](#lib:resize,valarray)

`void resize(size_t sz, T c = T());
`

[16](#valarray.members-16)

[#](http://github.com/Eelis/draft/tree/9adde4bc1c62ec234483e63ea3b70a59724c745a/source/numerics.tex#L8084)

*Effects*: Changes the length of the *this array to sz and then assigns to each element the value of the second argument[.](#valarray.members-16.sentence-1)

Resizing invalidates all pointers and references to elements in the array[.](#valarray.members-16.sentence-2)
