Selective export (#770)

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/ast/astutil/imports.go

@@ -275,9 +275,10 @@ func DeleteNamedImport(fset *token.FileSet, f *ast.File, name, path string) (del
 
 				// We deleted an entry but now there may be
 				// a blank line-sized hole where the import was.
-				if line-lastLine > 1 {
+				if line-lastLine > 1 || !gen.Rparen.IsValid() {
 					// There was a blank line immediately preceding the deleted import,
-					// so there's no need to close the hole.
+					// so there's no need to close the hole. The right parenthesis is
+					// invalid after AddImport to an import statement without parenthesis.
 					// Do nothing.
 				} else if line != fset.File(gen.Rparen).LineCount() {
 					// There was no blank line. Close the hole.

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/gcexportdata/gcexportdata.go

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func Read(in io.Reader, fset *token.FileSet, imports map[string]*types.Package,
 // Write writes encoded type information for the specified package to out.
 // The FileSet provides file position information for named objects.
 func Write(out io.Writer, fset *token.FileSet, pkg *types.Package) error {
-	b, err := gcimporter.BExportData(fset, pkg)
+	b, err := gcimporter.IExportData(fset, pkg)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/internal/gcimporter/bimport.go

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func (p *importer) pos() token.Pos {
 	p.prevFile = file
 	p.prevLine = line
 
-	return p.fake.pos(file, line)
+	return p.fake.pos(file, line, 0)
 }
 
 // Synthesize a token.Pos
@@ -341,7 +341,9 @@ type fakeFileSet struct {
 	files map[string]*token.File
 }
 
-func (s *fakeFileSet) pos(file string, line int) token.Pos {
+func (s *fakeFileSet) pos(file string, line, column int) token.Pos {
+	// TODO(mdempsky): Make use of column.
+
 	// Since we don't know the set of needed file positions, we
 	// reserve maxlines positions per file.
 	const maxlines = 64 * 1024
@@ -976,10 +978,11 @@ const (
 	aliasTag
 )
 
+var predeclOnce sync.Once
 var predecl []types.Type // initialized lazily
 
 func predeclared() []types.Type {
-	if predecl == nil {
+	predeclOnce.Do(func() {
 		// initialize lazily to be sure that all
 		// elements have been initialized before
 		predecl = []types.Type{ // basic types
@@ -1026,7 +1029,7 @@ func predeclared() []types.Type {
 			// used internally by gc; never used by this package or in .a files
 			anyType{},
 		}
-	}
+	})
 	return predecl
 }
 

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/internal/gcimporter/gcimporter.go

@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ func (p *parser) expectKeyword(keyword string) {
 
 // PackageId = string_lit .
 //
-func (p *parser) parsePackageId() string {
+func (p *parser) parsePackageID() string {
 	id, err := strconv.Unquote(p.expect(scanner.String))
 	if err != nil {
 		p.error(err)
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ func (p *parser) parseDotIdent() string {
 //
 func (p *parser) parseQualifiedName() (id, name string) {
 	p.expect('@')
-	id = p.parsePackageId()
+	id = p.parsePackageID()
 	p.expect('.')
 	// Per rev f280b8a485fd (10/2/2013), qualified names may be used for anonymous fields.
 	if p.tok == '?' {
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ func (p *parser) parseInterfaceType(parent *types.Package) types.Type {
 
 	// Complete requires the type's embedded interfaces to be fully defined,
 	// but we do not define any
-	return types.NewInterface(methods, nil).Complete()
+	return newInterface(methods, nil).Complete()
 }
 
 // ChanType = ( "chan" [ "<-" ] | "<-" "chan" ) Type .
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ func (p *parser) parseType(parent *types.Package) types.Type {
 func (p *parser) parseImportDecl() {
 	p.expectKeyword("import")
 	name := p.parsePackageName()
-	p.getPkg(p.parsePackageId(), name)
+	p.getPkg(p.parsePackageID(), name)
 }
 
 // int_lit = [ "+" | "-" ] { "0" ... "9" } .

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/internal/gcimporter/iexport.go

@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@
 // This file was derived from $GOROOT/src/cmd/compile/internal/gc/iexport.go;
 // see that file for specification of the format.
 
-// +build go1.11
-
 package gcimporter
 
 import (
@@ -28,7 +26,10 @@ import (
 const iexportVersion = 0
 
 // IExportData returns the binary export data for pkg.
+//
 // If no file set is provided, position info will be missing.
+// The package path of the top-level package will not be recorded,
+// so that calls to IImportData can override with a provided package path.
 func IExportData(fset *token.FileSet, pkg *types.Package) (b []byte, err error) {
 	defer func() {
 		if e := recover(); e != nil {
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ func IExportData(fset *token.FileSet, pkg *types.Package) (b []byte, err error)
 		stringIndex: map[string]uint64{},
 		declIndex:   map[types.Object]uint64{},
 		typIndex:    map[types.Type]uint64{},
+		localpkg:    pkg,
 	}
 
 	for i, pt := range predeclared() {
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ func IExportData(fset *token.FileSet, pkg *types.Package) (b []byte, err error)
 	// Append indices to data0 section.
 	dataLen := uint64(p.data0.Len())
 	w := p.newWriter()
-	w.writeIndex(p.declIndex, pkg)
+	w.writeIndex(p.declIndex)
 	w.flush()
 
 	// Assemble header.
@@ -95,14 +97,14 @@ func IExportData(fset *token.FileSet, pkg *types.Package) (b []byte, err error)
 // we're writing out the main index, which is also read by
 // non-compiler tools and includes a complete package description
 // (i.e., name and height).
-func (w *exportWriter) writeIndex(index map[types.Object]uint64, localpkg *types.Package) {
+func (w *exportWriter) writeIndex(index map[types.Object]uint64) {
 	// Build a map from packages to objects from that package.
 	pkgObjs := map[*types.Package][]types.Object{}
 
 	// For the main index, make sure to include every package that
 	// we reference, even if we're not exporting (or reexporting)
 	// any symbols from it.
-	pkgObjs[localpkg] = nil
+	pkgObjs[w.p.localpkg] = nil
 	for pkg := range w.p.allPkgs {
 		pkgObjs[pkg] = nil
 	}
@@ -121,12 +123,12 @@ func (w *exportWriter) writeIndex(index map[types.Object]uint64, localpkg *types
 	}
 
 	sort.Slice(pkgs, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return pkgs[i].Path() < pkgs[j].Path()
+		return w.exportPath(pkgs[i]) < w.exportPath(pkgs[j])
 	})
 
 	w.uint64(uint64(len(pkgs)))
 	for _, pkg := range pkgs {
-		w.string(pkg.Path())
+		w.string(w.exportPath(pkg))
 		w.string(pkg.Name())
 		w.uint64(uint64(0)) // package height is not needed for go/types
 
@@ -143,6 +145,8 @@ type iexporter struct {
 	fset *token.FileSet
 	out  *bytes.Buffer
 
+	localpkg *types.Package
+
 	// allPkgs tracks all packages that have been referenced by
 	// the export data, so we can ensure to include them in the
 	// main index.
@@ -195,6 +199,13 @@ type exportWriter struct {
 	prevLine int64
 }
 
+func (w *exportWriter) exportPath(pkg *types.Package) string {
+	if pkg == w.p.localpkg {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return pkg.Path()
+}
+
 func (p *iexporter) doDecl(obj types.Object) {
 	w := p.newWriter()
 	w.setPkg(obj.Pkg(), false)
@@ -267,6 +278,11 @@ func (w *exportWriter) tag(tag byte) {
 }
 
 func (w *exportWriter) pos(pos token.Pos) {
+	if w.p.fset == nil {
+		w.int64(0)
+		return
+	}
+
 	p := w.p.fset.Position(pos)
 	file := p.Filename
 	line := int64(p.Line)
@@ -299,7 +315,7 @@ func (w *exportWriter) pkg(pkg *types.Package) {
 	// Ensure any referenced packages are declared in the main index.
 	w.p.allPkgs[pkg] = true
 
-	w.string(pkg.Path())
+	w.string(w.exportPath(pkg))
 }
 
 func (w *exportWriter) qualifiedIdent(obj types.Object) {
@@ -394,7 +410,7 @@ func (w *exportWriter) doTyp(t types.Type, pkg *types.Package) {
 			w.pos(f.Pos())
 			w.string(f.Name())
 			w.typ(f.Type(), pkg)
-			w.bool(f.Embedded())
+			w.bool(f.Anonymous())
 			w.string(t.Tag(i)) // note (or tag)
 		}
 

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/internal/gcimporter/iimport.go

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ const (
 // If the export data version is not recognized or the format is otherwise
 // compromised, an error is returned.
 func IImportData(fset *token.FileSet, imports map[string]*types.Package, data []byte, path string) (_ int, pkg *types.Package, err error) {
-	const currentVersion = 0
-	version := -1
+	const currentVersion = 1
+	version := int64(-1)
 	defer func() {
 		if e := recover(); e != nil {
 			if version > currentVersion {
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ func IImportData(fset *token.FileSet, imports map[string]*types.Package, data []
 
 	r := &intReader{bytes.NewReader(data), path}
 
-	version = int(r.uint64())
+	version = int64(r.uint64())
 	switch version {
-	case currentVersion:
+	case currentVersion, 0:
 	default:
 		errorf("unknown iexport format version %d", version)
 	}
@@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ func IImportData(fset *token.FileSet, imports map[string]*types.Package, data []
 	r.Seek(sLen+dLen, io.SeekCurrent)
 
 	p := iimporter{
-		ipath: path,
+		ipath:   path,
+		version: int(version),
 
 		stringData:  stringData,
 		stringCache: make(map[uint64]string),
@@ -142,20 +143,18 @@ func IImportData(fset *token.FileSet, imports map[string]*types.Package, data []
 		p.pkgIndex[pkg] = nameIndex
 		pkgList[i] = pkg
 	}
-	var localpkg *types.Package
-	for _, pkg := range pkgList {
-		if pkg.Path() == path {
-			localpkg = pkg
-		}
+	if len(pkgList) == 0 {
+		errorf("no packages found for %s", path)
+		panic("unreachable")
 	}
-
-	names := make([]string, 0, len(p.pkgIndex[localpkg]))
-	for name := range p.pkgIndex[localpkg] {
+	p.ipkg = pkgList[0]
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(p.pkgIndex[p.ipkg]))
+	for name := range p.pkgIndex[p.ipkg] {
 		names = append(names, name)
 	}
 	sort.Strings(names)
 	for _, name := range names {
-		p.doDecl(localpkg, name)
+		p.doDecl(p.ipkg, name)
 	}
 
 	for _, typ := range p.interfaceList {
@@ -165,17 +164,19 @@ func IImportData(fset *token.FileSet, imports map[string]*types.Package, data []
 	// record all referenced packages as imports
 	list := append(([]*types.Package)(nil), pkgList[1:]...)
 	sort.Sort(byPath(list))
-	localpkg.SetImports(list)
+	p.ipkg.SetImports(list)
 
 	// package was imported completely and without errors
-	localpkg.MarkComplete()
+	p.ipkg.MarkComplete()
 
 	consumed, _ := r.Seek(0, io.SeekCurrent)
-	return int(consumed), localpkg, nil
+	return int(consumed), p.ipkg, nil
 }
 
 type iimporter struct {
-	ipath string
+	ipath   string
+	ipkg    *types.Package
+	version int
 
 	stringData  []byte
 	stringCache map[uint64]string
@@ -226,6 +227,9 @@ func (p *iimporter) pkgAt(off uint64) *types.Package {
 		return pkg
 	}
 	path := p.stringAt(off)
+	if path == p.ipath {
+		return p.ipkg
+	}
 	errorf("missing package %q in %q", path, p.ipath)
 	return nil
 }
@@ -255,6 +259,7 @@ type importReader struct {
 	currPkg    *types.Package
 	prevFile   string
 	prevLine   int64
+	prevColumn int64
 }
 
 func (r *importReader) obj(name string) {
@@ -448,6 +453,19 @@ func (r *importReader) qualifiedIdent() (*types.Package, string) {
 }
 
 func (r *importReader) pos() token.Pos {
+	if r.p.version >= 1 {
+		r.posv1()
+	} else {
+		r.posv0()
+	}
+
+	if r.prevFile == "" && r.prevLine == 0 && r.prevColumn == 0 {
+		return token.NoPos
+	}
+	return r.p.fake.pos(r.prevFile, int(r.prevLine), int(r.prevColumn))
+}
+
+func (r *importReader) posv0() {
 	delta := r.int64()
 	if delta != deltaNewFile {
 		r.prevLine += delta
@@ -457,12 +475,18 @@ func (r *importReader) pos() token.Pos {
 		r.prevFile = r.string()
 		r.prevLine = l
 	}
+}
 
-	if r.prevFile == "" && r.prevLine == 0 {
-		return token.NoPos
+func (r *importReader) posv1() {
+	delta := r.int64()
+	r.prevColumn += delta >> 1
+	if delta&1 != 0 {
+		delta = r.int64()
+		r.prevLine += delta >> 1
+		if delta&1 != 0 {
+			r.prevFile = r.string()
+		}
 	}
-
-	return r.p.fake.pos(r.prevFile, int(r.prevLine))
 }
 
 func (r *importReader) typ() types.Type {

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/internal/packagesdriver/sizes.go

@@ -11,11 +11,10 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"go/types"
-	"log"
-	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
-	"time"
+
+	"golang.org/x/tools/internal/gocommand"
 )
 
 var debug = false
@@ -78,83 +77,42 @@ func GetSizes(ctx context.Context, buildFlags, env []string, dir string, usesExp
 }
 
 func GetSizesGolist(ctx context.Context, buildFlags, env []string, dir string, usesExportData bool) (types.Sizes, error) {
-	args := []string{"list", "-f", "{{context.GOARCH}} {{context.Compiler}}"}
-	args = append(args, buildFlags...)
-	args = append(args, "--", "unsafe")
-	stdout, err := InvokeGo(ctx, env, dir, usesExportData, args...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+	inv := gocommand.Invocation{
+		Verb:       "list",
+		Args:       []string{"-f", "{{context.GOARCH}} {{context.Compiler}}", "--", "unsafe"},
+		Env:        env,
+		BuildFlags: buildFlags,
+		WorkingDir: dir,
 	}
-	fields := strings.Fields(stdout.String())
-	if len(fields) < 2 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not determine GOARCH and Go compiler")
+	stdout, stderr, friendlyErr, rawErr := inv.RunRaw(ctx)
+	var goarch, compiler string
+	if rawErr != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(rawErr.Error(), "cannot find main module") {
+			// User's running outside of a module. All bets are off. Get GOARCH and guess compiler is gc.
+			// TODO(matloob): Is this a problem in practice?
+			inv := gocommand.Invocation{
+				Verb:       "env",
+				Args:       []string{"GOARCH"},
+				Env:        env,
+				WorkingDir: dir,
+			}
+			envout, enverr := inv.Run(ctx)
+			if enverr != nil {
+				return nil, enverr
+			}
+			goarch = strings.TrimSpace(envout.String())
+			compiler = "gc"
+		} else {
+			return nil, friendlyErr
+		}
+	} else {
+		fields := strings.Fields(stdout.String())
+		if len(fields) < 2 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not parse GOARCH and Go compiler in format \"<GOARCH> <compiler>\":\nstdout: <<%s>>\nstderr: <<%s>>",
+				stdout.String(), stderr.String())
+		}
+		goarch = fields[0]
+		compiler = fields[1]
 	}
-	goarch := fields[0]
-	compiler := fields[1]
 	return types.SizesFor(compiler, goarch), nil
 }
-
-// InvokeGo returns the stdout of a go command invocation.
-func InvokeGo(ctx context.Context, env []string, dir string, usesExportData bool, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
-	if debug {
-		defer func(start time.Time) { log.Printf("%s for %v", time.Since(start), cmdDebugStr(env, args...)) }(time.Now())
-	}
-	stdout := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "go", args...)
-	// On darwin the cwd gets resolved to the real path, which breaks anything that
-	// expects the working directory to keep the original path, including the
-	// go command when dealing with modules.
-	// The Go stdlib has a special feature where if the cwd and the PWD are the
-	// same node then it trusts the PWD, so by setting it in the env for the child
-	// process we fix up all the paths returned by the go command.
-	cmd.Env = append(append([]string{}, env...), "PWD="+dir)
-	cmd.Dir = dir
-	cmd.Stdout = stdout
-	cmd.Stderr = stderr
-	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
-		exitErr, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError)
-		if !ok {
-			// Catastrophic error:
-			// - executable not found
-			// - context cancellation
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't exec 'go %v': %s %T", args, err, err)
-		}
-
-		// Export mode entails a build.
-		// If that build fails, errors appear on stderr
-		// (despite the -e flag) and the Export field is blank.
-		// Do not fail in that case.
-		if !usesExportData {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("go %v: %s: %s", args, exitErr, stderr)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// As of writing, go list -export prints some non-fatal compilation
-	// errors to stderr, even with -e set. We would prefer that it put
-	// them in the Package.Error JSON (see https://golang.org/issue/26319).
-	// In the meantime, there's nowhere good to put them, but they can
-	// be useful for debugging. Print them if $GOPACKAGESPRINTGOLISTERRORS
-	// is set.
-	if len(stderr.Bytes()) != 0 && os.Getenv("GOPACKAGESPRINTGOLISTERRORS") != "" {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s stderr: <<%s>>\n", cmdDebugStr(env, args...), stderr)
-	}
-
-	// debugging
-	if false {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s stdout: <<%s>>\n", cmdDebugStr(env, args...), stdout)
-	}
-
-	return stdout, nil
-}
-
-func cmdDebugStr(envlist []string, args ...string) string {
-	env := make(map[string]string)
-	for _, kv := range envlist {
-		split := strings.Split(kv, "=")
-		k, v := split[0], split[1]
-		env[k] = v
-	}
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf("GOROOT=%v GOPATH=%v GO111MODULE=%v PWD=%v go %v", env["GOROOT"], env["GOPATH"], env["GO111MODULE"], env["PWD"], args)
-}

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/packages/doc.go

@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ causes Load to run in LoadFiles mode, collecting minimal information.
 See the documentation for type Config for details.
 
 As noted earlier, the Config.Mode controls the amount of detail
-reported about the loaded packages, with each mode returning all the data of the
-previous mode with some extra added. See the documentation for type LoadMode
+reported about the loaded packages. See the documentation for type LoadMode
 for details.
 
 Most tools should pass their command-line arguments (after any flags)

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/packages/external.go

@@ -12,18 +12,34 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
 )
 
-// Driver
+// The Driver Protocol
+//
+// The driver, given the inputs to a call to Load, returns metadata about the packages specified.
+// This allows for different build systems to support go/packages by telling go/packages how the
+// packages' source is organized.
+// The driver is a binary, either specified by the GOPACKAGESDRIVER environment variable or in
+// the path as gopackagesdriver. It's given the inputs to load in its argv. See the package
+// documentation in doc.go for the full description of the patterns that need to be supported.
+// A driver receives as a JSON-serialized driverRequest struct in standard input and will
+// produce a JSON-serialized driverResponse (see definition in packages.go) in its standard output.
+
+// driverRequest is used to provide the portion of Load's Config that is needed by a driver.
 type driverRequest struct {
-	Command    string            `json:"command"`
-	Mode       LoadMode          `json:"mode"`
-	Env        []string          `json:"env"`
-	BuildFlags []string          `json:"build_flags"`
-	Tests      bool              `json:"tests"`
-	Overlay    map[string][]byte `json:"overlay"`
+	Mode LoadMode `json:"mode"`
+	// Env specifies the environment the underlying build system should be run in.
+	Env []string `json:"env"`
+	// BuildFlags are flags that should be passed to the underlying build system.
+	BuildFlags []string `json:"build_flags"`
+	// Tests specifies whether the patterns should also return test packages.
+	Tests bool `json:"tests"`
+	// Overlay maps file paths (relative to the driver's working directory) to the byte contents
+	// of overlay files.
+	Overlay map[string][]byte `json:"overlay"`
 }
 
 // findExternalDriver returns the file path of a tool that supplies
@@ -61,15 +77,21 @@ func findExternalDriver(cfg *Config) driver {
 		}
 
 		buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+		stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
 		cmd := exec.CommandContext(cfg.Context, tool, words...)
 		cmd.Dir = cfg.Dir
 		cmd.Env = cfg.Env
 		cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewReader(req)
 		cmd.Stdout = buf
-		cmd.Stderr = new(bytes.Buffer)
+		cmd.Stderr = stderr
+
 		if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%v: %v: %s", tool, err, cmd.Stderr)
 		}
+		if len(stderr.Bytes()) != 0 && os.Getenv("GOPACKAGESPRINTDRIVERERRORS") != "" {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s stderr: <<%s>>\n", cmdDebugStr(cmd, words...), stderr)
+		}
+
 		var response driverResponse
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &response); err != nil {
 			return nil, err

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/packages/golist.go

@@ -6,24 +6,25 @@ package packages
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"go/types"
-	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"reflect"
-	"regexp"
+	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"time"
+	"unicode"
 
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/internal/packagesdriver"
-	"golang.org/x/tools/internal/gopathwalk"
-	"golang.org/x/tools/internal/semver"
+	"golang.org/x/tools/internal/gocommand"
+	"golang.org/x/tools/internal/packagesinternal"
 )
 
 // debug controls verbose logging.
@@ -42,16 +43,21 @@ type responseDeduper struct {
 	dr           *driverResponse
 }
 
-// init fills in r with a driverResponse.
-func (r *responseDeduper) init(dr *driverResponse) {
-	r.dr = dr
-	r.seenRoots = map[string]bool{}
-	r.seenPackages = map[string]*Package{}
+func newDeduper() *responseDeduper {
+	return &responseDeduper{
+		dr:           &driverResponse{},
+		seenRoots:    map[string]bool{},
+		seenPackages: map[string]*Package{},
+	}
+}
+
+// addAll fills in r with a driverResponse.
+func (r *responseDeduper) addAll(dr *driverResponse) {
 	for _, pkg := range dr.Packages {
-		r.seenPackages[pkg.ID] = pkg
+		r.addPackage(pkg)
 	}
 	for _, root := range dr.Roots {
-		r.seenRoots[root] = true
+		r.addRoot(root)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -71,24 +77,86 @@ func (r *responseDeduper) addRoot(id string) {
 	r.dr.Roots = append(r.dr.Roots, id)
 }
 
+type golistState struct {
+	cfg *Config
+	ctx context.Context
+
+	envOnce    sync.Once
+	goEnvError error
+	goEnv      map[string]string
+
+	rootsOnce     sync.Once
+	rootDirsError error
+	rootDirs      map[string]string
+
+	// vendorDirs caches the (non)existence of vendor directories.
+	vendorDirs map[string]bool
+}
+
+// getEnv returns Go environment variables. Only specific variables are
+// populated -- computing all of them is slow.
+func (state *golistState) getEnv() (map[string]string, error) {
+	state.envOnce.Do(func() {
+		var b *bytes.Buffer
+		b, state.goEnvError = state.invokeGo("env", "-json", "GOMOD", "GOPATH")
+		if state.goEnvError != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		state.goEnv = make(map[string]string)
+		decoder := json.NewDecoder(b)
+		if state.goEnvError = decoder.Decode(&state.goEnv); state.goEnvError != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	})
+	return state.goEnv, state.goEnvError
+}
+
+// mustGetEnv is a convenience function that can be used if getEnv has already succeeded.
+func (state *golistState) mustGetEnv() map[string]string {
+	env, err := state.getEnv()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("mustGetEnv: %v", err))
+	}
+	return env
+}
+
 // goListDriver uses the go list command to interpret the patterns and produce
 // the build system package structure.
 // See driver for more details.
 func goListDriver(cfg *Config, patterns ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
-	var sizes types.Sizes
+	// Make sure that any asynchronous go commands are killed when we return.
+	parentCtx := cfg.Context
+	if parentCtx == nil {
+		parentCtx = context.Background()
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(parentCtx)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	response := newDeduper()
+
+	// Fill in response.Sizes asynchronously if necessary.
 	var sizeserr error
 	var sizeswg sync.WaitGroup
 	if cfg.Mode&NeedTypesSizes != 0 || cfg.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 {
 		sizeswg.Add(1)
 		go func() {
-			sizes, sizeserr = getSizes(cfg)
+			var sizes types.Sizes
+			sizes, sizeserr = packagesdriver.GetSizesGolist(ctx, cfg.BuildFlags, cfg.Env, cfg.Dir, usesExportData(cfg))
+			// types.SizesFor always returns nil or a *types.StdSizes.
+			response.dr.Sizes, _ = sizes.(*types.StdSizes)
 			sizeswg.Done()
 		}()
 	}
 
+	state := &golistState{
+		cfg:        cfg,
+		ctx:        ctx,
+		vendorDirs: map[string]bool{},
+	}
+
 	// Determine files requested in contains patterns
 	var containFiles []string
-	var packagesNamed []string
 	restPatterns := make([]string, 0, len(patterns))
 	// Extract file= and other [querytype]= patterns. Report an error if querytype
 	// doesn't exist.
@@ -104,8 +172,6 @@ extractQueries:
 				containFiles = append(containFiles, value)
 			case "pattern":
 				restPatterns = append(restPatterns, value)
-			case "iamashamedtousethedisabledqueryname":
-				packagesNamed = append(packagesNamed, value)
 			case "": // not a reserved query
 				restPatterns = append(restPatterns, pattern)
 			default:
@@ -121,58 +187,52 @@ extractQueries:
 		}
 	}
 
-	response := &responseDeduper{}
-	var err error
-
 	// See if we have any patterns to pass through to go list. Zero initial
 	// patterns also requires a go list call, since it's the equivalent of
 	// ".".
 	if len(restPatterns) > 0 || len(patterns) == 0 {
-		dr, err := golistDriver(cfg, restPatterns...)
+		dr, err := state.createDriverResponse(restPatterns...)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		response.init(dr)
-	} else {
-		response.init(&driverResponse{})
+		response.addAll(dr)
 	}
 
-	sizeswg.Wait()
-	if sizeserr != nil {
-		return nil, sizeserr
-	}
-	// types.SizesFor always returns nil or a *types.StdSizes
-	response.dr.Sizes, _ = sizes.(*types.StdSizes)
-
-	var containsCandidates []string
-
 	if len(containFiles) != 0 {
-		if err := runContainsQueries(cfg, golistDriver, response, containFiles); err != nil {
+		if err := state.runContainsQueries(response, containFiles); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
-	if len(packagesNamed) != 0 {
-		if err := runNamedQueries(cfg, golistDriver, response, packagesNamed); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	modifiedPkgs, needPkgs, err := processGolistOverlay(cfg, response.dr)
+	modifiedPkgs, needPkgs, err := state.processGolistOverlay(response)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	var containsCandidates []string
 	if len(containFiles) > 0 {
 		containsCandidates = append(containsCandidates, modifiedPkgs...)
 		containsCandidates = append(containsCandidates, needPkgs...)
 	}
-	if err := addNeededOverlayPackages(cfg, golistDriver, response, needPkgs); err != nil {
+	if err := state.addNeededOverlayPackages(response, needPkgs); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	// Check candidate packages for containFiles.
 	if len(containFiles) > 0 {
 		for _, id := range containsCandidates {
-			pkg := response.seenPackages[id]
+			pkg, ok := response.seenPackages[id]
+			if !ok {
+				response.addPackage(&Package{
+					ID: id,
+					Errors: []Error{
+						{
+							Kind: ListError,
+							Msg:  fmt.Sprintf("package %s expected but not seen", id),
+						},
+					},
+				})
+				continue
+			}
 			for _, f := range containFiles {
 				for _, g := range pkg.GoFiles {
 					if sameFile(f, g) {
@@ -183,29 +243,32 @@ extractQueries:
 		}
 	}
 
+	sizeswg.Wait()
+	if sizeserr != nil {
+		return nil, sizeserr
+	}
 	return response.dr, nil
 }
 
-func addNeededOverlayPackages(cfg *Config, driver driver, response *responseDeduper, pkgs []string) error {
+func (state *golistState) addNeededOverlayPackages(response *responseDeduper, pkgs []string) error {
 	if len(pkgs) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	dr, err := driver(cfg, pkgs...)
+	dr, err := state.createDriverResponse(pkgs...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	for _, pkg := range dr.Packages {
 		response.addPackage(pkg)
 	}
-	_, needPkgs, err := processGolistOverlay(cfg, response.dr)
+	_, needPkgs, err := state.processGolistOverlay(response)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	addNeededOverlayPackages(cfg, driver, response, needPkgs)
-	return nil
+	return state.addNeededOverlayPackages(response, needPkgs)
 }
 
-func runContainsQueries(cfg *Config, driver driver, response *responseDeduper, queries []string) error {
+func (state *golistState) runContainsQueries(response *responseDeduper, queries []string) error {
 	for _, query := range queries {
 		// TODO(matloob): Do only one query per directory.
 		fdir := filepath.Dir(query)
@@ -215,9 +278,18 @@ func runContainsQueries(cfg *Config, driver driver, response *responseDeduper, q
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("could not determine absolute path of file= query path %q: %v", query, err)
 		}
-		dirResponse, err := driver(cfg, pattern)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+		dirResponse, err := state.createDriverResponse(pattern)
+
+		// If there was an error loading the package, or the package is returned
+		// with errors, try to load the file as an ad-hoc package.
+		// Usually the error will appear in a returned package, but may not if we're
+		// in module mode and the ad-hoc is located outside a module.
+		if err != nil || len(dirResponse.Packages) == 1 && len(dirResponse.Packages[0].GoFiles) == 0 &&
+			len(dirResponse.Packages[0].Errors) == 1 {
+			var queryErr error
+			if dirResponse, queryErr = state.adhocPackage(pattern, query); queryErr != nil {
+				return err // return the original error
+			}
 		}
 		isRoot := make(map[string]bool, len(dirResponse.Roots))
 		for _, root := range dirResponse.Roots {
@@ -244,262 +316,47 @@ func runContainsQueries(cfg *Config, driver driver, response *responseDeduper, q
 	return nil
 }
 
-// modCacheRegexp splits a path in a module cache into module, module version, and package.
-var modCacheRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`(.*)@([^/\\]*)(.*)`)
-
-func runNamedQueries(cfg *Config, driver driver, response *responseDeduper, queries []string) error {
-	// calling `go env` isn't free; bail out if there's nothing to do.
-	if len(queries) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	// Determine which directories are relevant to scan.
-	roots, modRoot, err := roots(cfg)
+// adhocPackage attempts to load or construct an ad-hoc package for a given
+// query, if the original call to the driver produced inadequate results.
+func (state *golistState) adhocPackage(pattern, query string) (*driverResponse, error) {
+	response, err := state.createDriverResponse(query)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
-
-	// Scan the selected directories. Simple matches, from GOPATH/GOROOT
-	// or the local module, can simply be "go list"ed. Matches from the
-	// module cache need special treatment.
-	var matchesMu sync.Mutex
-	var simpleMatches, modCacheMatches []string
-	add := func(root gopathwalk.Root, dir string) {
-		// Walk calls this concurrently; protect the result slices.
-		matchesMu.Lock()
-		defer matchesMu.Unlock()
-
-		path := dir
-		if dir != root.Path {
-			path = dir[len(root.Path)+1:]
-		}
-		if pathMatchesQueries(path, queries) {
-			switch root.Type {
-			case gopathwalk.RootModuleCache:
-				modCacheMatches = append(modCacheMatches, path)
-			case gopathwalk.RootCurrentModule:
-				// We'd need to read go.mod to find the full
-				// import path. Relative's easier.
-				rel, err := filepath.Rel(cfg.Dir, dir)
-				if err != nil {
-					// This ought to be impossible, since
-					// we found dir in the current module.
-					panic(err)
-				}
-				simpleMatches = append(simpleMatches, "./"+rel)
-			case gopathwalk.RootGOPATH, gopathwalk.RootGOROOT:
-				simpleMatches = append(simpleMatches, path)
-			}
-		}
+	// If we get nothing back from `go list`,
+	// try to make this file into its own ad-hoc package.
+	// TODO(rstambler): Should this check against the original response?
+	if len(response.Packages) == 0 {
+		response.Packages = append(response.Packages, &Package{
+			ID:              "command-line-arguments",
+			PkgPath:         query,
+			GoFiles:         []string{query},
+			CompiledGoFiles: []string{query},
+			Imports:         make(map[string]*Package),
+		})
+		response.Roots = append(response.Roots, "command-line-arguments")
 	}
-
-	startWalk := time.Now()
-	gopathwalk.Walk(roots, add, gopathwalk.Options{ModulesEnabled: modRoot != "", Debug: debug})
-	if debug {
-		log.Printf("%v for walk", time.Since(startWalk))
-	}
-
-	// Weird special case: the top-level package in a module will be in
-	// whatever directory the user checked the repository out into. It's
-	// more reasonable for that to not match the package name. So, if there
-	// are any Go files in the mod root, query it just to be safe.
-	if modRoot != "" {
-		rel, err := filepath.Rel(cfg.Dir, modRoot)
-		if err != nil {
-			panic(err) // See above.
-		}
-
-		files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(modRoot)
-		for _, f := range files {
-			if strings.HasSuffix(f.Name(), ".go") {
-				simpleMatches = append(simpleMatches, rel)
-				break
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	addResponse := func(r *driverResponse) {
-		for _, pkg := range r.Packages {
-			response.addPackage(pkg)
-			for _, name := range queries {
-				if pkg.Name == name {
-					response.addRoot(pkg.ID)
-					break
+	// Handle special cases.
+	if len(response.Packages) == 1 {
+		// golang/go#33482: If this is a file= query for ad-hoc packages where
+		// the file only exists on an overlay, and exists outside of a module,
+		// add the file to the package and remove the errors.
+		if response.Packages[0].ID == "command-line-arguments" ||
+			filepath.ToSlash(response.Packages[0].PkgPath) == filepath.ToSlash(query) {
+			if len(response.Packages[0].GoFiles) == 0 {
+				filename := filepath.Join(pattern, filepath.Base(query)) // avoid recomputing abspath
+				// TODO(matloob): check if the file is outside of a root dir?
+				for path := range state.cfg.Overlay {
+					if path == filename {
+						response.Packages[0].Errors = nil
+						response.Packages[0].GoFiles = []string{path}
+						response.Packages[0].CompiledGoFiles = []string{path}
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
-
-	if len(simpleMatches) != 0 {
-		resp, err := driver(cfg, simpleMatches...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		addResponse(resp)
-	}
-
-	// Module cache matches are tricky. We want to avoid downloading new
-	// versions of things, so we need to use the ones present in the cache.
-	// go list doesn't accept version specifiers, so we have to write out a
-	// temporary module, and do the list in that module.
-	if len(modCacheMatches) != 0 {
-		// Collect all the matches, deduplicating by major version
-		// and preferring the newest.
-		type modInfo struct {
-			mod   string
-			major string
-		}
-		mods := make(map[modInfo]string)
-		var imports []string
-		for _, modPath := range modCacheMatches {
-			matches := modCacheRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(modPath)
-			mod, ver := filepath.ToSlash(matches[1]), matches[2]
-			importPath := filepath.ToSlash(filepath.Join(matches[1], matches[3]))
-
-			major := semver.Major(ver)
-			if prevVer, ok := mods[modInfo{mod, major}]; !ok || semver.Compare(ver, prevVer) > 0 {
-				mods[modInfo{mod, major}] = ver
-			}
-
-			imports = append(imports, importPath)
-		}
-
-		// Build the temporary module.
-		var gomod bytes.Buffer
-		gomod.WriteString("module modquery\nrequire (\n")
-		for mod, version := range mods {
-			gomod.WriteString("\t" + mod.mod + " " + version + "\n")
-		}
-		gomod.WriteString(")\n")
-
-		tmpCfg := *cfg
-
-		// We're only trying to look at stuff in the module cache, so
-		// disable the network. This should speed things up, and has
-		// prevented errors in at least one case, #28518.
-		tmpCfg.Env = append(append([]string{"GOPROXY=off"}, cfg.Env...))
-
-		var err error
-		tmpCfg.Dir, err = ioutil.TempDir("", "gopackages-modquery")
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer os.RemoveAll(tmpCfg.Dir)
-
-		if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmpCfg.Dir, "go.mod"), gomod.Bytes(), 0777); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("writing go.mod for module cache query: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		// Run the query, using the import paths calculated from the matches above.
-		resp, err := driver(&tmpCfg, imports...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("querying module cache matches: %v", err)
-		}
-		addResponse(resp)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func getSizes(cfg *Config) (types.Sizes, error) {
-	return packagesdriver.GetSizesGolist(cfg.Context, cfg.BuildFlags, cfg.Env, cfg.Dir, usesExportData(cfg))
-}
-
-// roots selects the appropriate paths to walk based on the passed-in configuration,
-// particularly the environment and the presence of a go.mod in cfg.Dir's parents.
-func roots(cfg *Config) ([]gopathwalk.Root, string, error) {
-	stdout, err := invokeGo(cfg, "env", "GOROOT", "GOPATH", "GOMOD")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, "", err
-	}
-
-	fields := strings.Split(stdout.String(), "\n")
-	if len(fields) != 4 || len(fields[3]) != 0 {
-		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("go env returned unexpected output: %q", stdout.String())
-	}
-	goroot, gopath, gomod := fields[0], filepath.SplitList(fields[1]), fields[2]
-	var modDir string
-	if gomod != "" {
-		modDir = filepath.Dir(gomod)
-	}
-
-	var roots []gopathwalk.Root
-	// Always add GOROOT.
-	roots = append(roots, gopathwalk.Root{filepath.Join(goroot, "/src"), gopathwalk.RootGOROOT})
-	// If modules are enabled, scan the module dir.
-	if modDir != "" {
-		roots = append(roots, gopathwalk.Root{modDir, gopathwalk.RootCurrentModule})
-	}
-	// Add either GOPATH/src or GOPATH/pkg/mod, depending on module mode.
-	for _, p := range gopath {
-		if modDir != "" {
-			roots = append(roots, gopathwalk.Root{filepath.Join(p, "/pkg/mod"), gopathwalk.RootModuleCache})
-		} else {
-			roots = append(roots, gopathwalk.Root{filepath.Join(p, "/src"), gopathwalk.RootGOPATH})
-		}
-	}
-
-	return roots, modDir, nil
-}
-
-// These functions were copied from goimports. See further documentation there.
-
-// pathMatchesQueries is adapted from pkgIsCandidate.
-// TODO: is it reasonable to do Contains here, rather than an exact match on a path component?
-func pathMatchesQueries(path string, queries []string) bool {
-	lastTwo := lastTwoComponents(path)
-	for _, query := range queries {
-		if strings.Contains(lastTwo, query) {
-			return true
-		}
-		if hasHyphenOrUpperASCII(lastTwo) && !hasHyphenOrUpperASCII(query) {
-			lastTwo = lowerASCIIAndRemoveHyphen(lastTwo)
-			if strings.Contains(lastTwo, query) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// lastTwoComponents returns at most the last two path components
-// of v, using either / or \ as the path separator.
-func lastTwoComponents(v string) string {
-	nslash := 0
-	for i := len(v) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
-		if v[i] == '/' || v[i] == '\\' {
-			nslash++
-			if nslash == 2 {
-				return v[i:]
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return v
-}
-
-func hasHyphenOrUpperASCII(s string) bool {
-	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
-		b := s[i]
-		if b == '-' || ('A' <= b && b <= 'Z') {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func lowerASCIIAndRemoveHyphen(s string) (ret string) {
-	buf := make([]byte, 0, len(s))
-	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
-		b := s[i]
-		switch {
-		case b == '-':
-			continue
-		case 'A' <= b && b <= 'Z':
-			buf = append(buf, b+('a'-'A'))
-		default:
-			buf = append(buf, b)
-		}
-	}
-	return string(buf)
+	return response, nil
 }
 
 // Fields must match go list;
@@ -524,6 +381,7 @@ type jsonPackage struct {
 	Imports         []string
 	ImportMap       map[string]string
 	Deps            []string
+	Module          *packagesinternal.Module
 	TestGoFiles     []string
 	TestImports     []string
 	XTestGoFiles    []string
@@ -544,16 +402,15 @@ func otherFiles(p *jsonPackage) [][]string {
 	return [][]string{p.CFiles, p.CXXFiles, p.MFiles, p.HFiles, p.FFiles, p.SFiles, p.SwigFiles, p.SwigCXXFiles, p.SysoFiles}
 }
 
-// golistDriver uses the "go list" command to expand the pattern
-// words and return metadata for the specified packages. dir may be
-// "" and env may be nil, as per os/exec.Command.
-func golistDriver(cfg *Config, words ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
+// createDriverResponse uses the "go list" command to expand the pattern
+// words and return a response for the specified packages.
+func (state *golistState) createDriverResponse(words ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
 	// go list uses the following identifiers in ImportPath and Imports:
 	//
 	// 	"p"			-- importable package or main (command)
-	//      "q.test"		-- q's test executable
+	// 	"q.test"		-- q's test executable
 	// 	"p [q.test]"		-- variant of p as built for q's test executable
-	//	"q_test [q.test]"	-- q's external test package
+	// 	"q_test [q.test]"	-- q's external test package
 	//
 	// The packages p that are built differently for a test q.test
 	// are q itself, plus any helpers used by the external test q_test,
@@ -561,11 +418,13 @@ func golistDriver(cfg *Config, words ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
 
 	// Run "go list" for complete
 	// information on the specified packages.
-	buf, err := invokeGo(cfg, golistargs(cfg, words)...)
+	buf, err := state.invokeGo("list", golistargs(state.cfg, words)...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	seen := make(map[string]*jsonPackage)
+	pkgs := make(map[string]*Package)
+	additionalErrors := make(map[string][]Error)
 	// Decode the JSON and convert it to Package form.
 	var response driverResponse
 	for dec := json.NewDecoder(buf); dec.More(); {
@@ -588,12 +447,80 @@ func golistDriver(cfg *Config, words ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("package missing import path: %+v", p)
 		}
 
-		if old, found := seen[p.ImportPath]; found {
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(p, old) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("internal error: go list gives conflicting information for package %v", p.ImportPath)
+		// Work around https://golang.org/issue/33157:
+		// go list -e, when given an absolute path, will find the package contained at
+		// that directory. But when no package exists there, it will return a fake package
+		// with an error and the ImportPath set to the absolute path provided to go list.
+		// Try to convert that absolute path to what its package path would be if it's
+		// contained in a known module or GOPATH entry. This will allow the package to be
+		// properly "reclaimed" when overlays are processed.
+		if filepath.IsAbs(p.ImportPath) && p.Error != nil {
+			pkgPath, ok, err := state.getPkgPath(p.ImportPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
 			}
-			// skip the duplicate
-			continue
+			if ok {
+				p.ImportPath = pkgPath
+			}
+		}
+
+		if old, found := seen[p.ImportPath]; found {
+			// If one version of the package has an error, and the other doesn't, assume
+			// that this is a case where go list is reporting a fake dependency variant
+			// of the imported package: When a package tries to invalidly import another
+			// package, go list emits a variant of the imported package (with the same
+			// import path, but with an error on it, and the package will have a
+			// DepError set on it). An example of when this can happen is for imports of
+			// main packages: main packages can not be imported, but they may be
+			// separately matched and listed by another pattern.
+			// See golang.org/issue/36188 for more details.
+
+			// The plan is that eventually, hopefully in Go 1.15, the error will be
+			// reported on the importing package rather than the duplicate "fake"
+			// version of the imported package. Once all supported versions of Go
+			// have the new behavior this logic can be deleted.
+			// TODO(matloob): delete the workaround logic once all supported versions of
+			// Go return the errors on the proper package.
+
+			// There should be exactly one version of a package that doesn't have an
+			// error.
+			if old.Error == nil && p.Error == nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(p, old) {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("internal error: go list gives conflicting information for package %v", p.ImportPath)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Determine if this package's error needs to be bubbled up.
+			// This is a hack, and we expect for go list to eventually set the error
+			// on the package.
+			if old.Error != nil {
+				var errkind string
+				if strings.Contains(old.Error.Err, "not an importable package") {
+					errkind = "not an importable package"
+				} else if strings.Contains(old.Error.Err, "use of internal package") && strings.Contains(old.Error.Err, "not allowed") {
+					errkind = "use of internal package not allowed"
+				}
+				if errkind != "" {
+					if len(old.Error.ImportStack) < 2 {
+						return nil, fmt.Errorf(`internal error: go list gave a %q error with an import stack with fewer than two elements`, errkind)
+					}
+					importingPkg := old.Error.ImportStack[len(old.Error.ImportStack)-2]
+					additionalErrors[importingPkg] = append(additionalErrors[importingPkg], Error{
+						Pos:  old.Error.Pos,
+						Msg:  old.Error.Err,
+						Kind: ListError,
+					})
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Make sure that if there's a version of the package without an error,
+			// that's the one reported to the user.
+			if old.Error == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// This package will replace the old one at the end of the loop.
 		}
 		seen[p.ImportPath] = p
 
@@ -603,6 +530,8 @@ func golistDriver(cfg *Config, words ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
 			GoFiles:         absJoin(p.Dir, p.GoFiles, p.CgoFiles),
 			CompiledGoFiles: absJoin(p.Dir, p.CompiledGoFiles),
 			OtherFiles:      absJoin(p.Dir, otherFiles(p)...),
+			forTest:         p.ForTest,
+			module:          p.Module,
 		}
 
 		// Work around https://golang.org/issue/28749:
@@ -679,18 +608,70 @@ func golistDriver(cfg *Config, words ...string) (*driverResponse, error) {
 		}
 
 		if p.Error != nil {
+			msg := strings.TrimSpace(p.Error.Err) // Trim to work around golang.org/issue/32363.
+			// Address golang.org/issue/35964 by appending import stack to error message.
+			if msg == "import cycle not allowed" && len(p.Error.ImportStack) != 0 {
+				msg += fmt.Sprintf(": import stack: %v", p.Error.ImportStack)
+			}
 			pkg.Errors = append(pkg.Errors, Error{
-				Pos: p.Error.Pos,
-				Msg: p.Error.Err,
+				Pos:  p.Error.Pos,
+				Msg:  msg,
+				Kind: ListError,
 			})
 		}
 
-		response.Packages = append(response.Packages, pkg)
+		pkgs[pkg.ID] = pkg
 	}
 
+	for id, errs := range additionalErrors {
+		if p, ok := pkgs[id]; ok {
+			p.Errors = append(p.Errors, errs...)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, pkg := range pkgs {
+		response.Packages = append(response.Packages, pkg)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(response.Packages, func(i, j int) bool { return response.Packages[i].ID < response.Packages[j].ID })
+
 	return &response, nil
 }
 
+// getPkgPath finds the package path of a directory if it's relative to a root directory.
+func (state *golistState) getPkgPath(dir string) (string, bool, error) {
+	absDir, err := filepath.Abs(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false, err
+	}
+	roots, err := state.determineRootDirs()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false, err
+	}
+
+	for rdir, rpath := range roots {
+		// Make sure that the directory is in the module,
+		// to avoid creating a path relative to another module.
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(absDir, rdir) {
+			continue
+		}
+		// TODO(matloob): This doesn't properly handle symlinks.
+		r, err := filepath.Rel(rdir, dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if rpath != "" {
+			// We choose only one root even though the directory even it can belong in multiple modules
+			// or GOPATH entries. This is okay because we only need to work with absolute dirs when a
+			// file is missing from disk, for instance when gopls calls go/packages in an overlay.
+			// Once the file is saved, gopls, or the next invocation of the tool will get the correct
+			// result straight from golist.
+			// TODO(matloob): Implement module tiebreaking?
+			return path.Join(rpath, filepath.ToSlash(r)), true, nil
+		}
+		return filepath.ToSlash(r), true, nil
+	}
+	return "", false, nil
+}
+
 // absJoin absolutizes and flattens the lists of files.
 func absJoin(dir string, fileses ...[]string) (res []string) {
 	for _, files := range fileses {
@@ -707,11 +688,11 @@ func absJoin(dir string, fileses ...[]string) (res []string) {
 func golistargs(cfg *Config, words []string) []string {
 	const findFlags = NeedImports | NeedTypes | NeedSyntax | NeedTypesInfo
 	fullargs := []string{
-		"list", "-e", "-json",
-		fmt.Sprintf("-compiled=%t", cfg.Mode&(NeedCompiledGoFiles|NeedSyntax|NeedTypesInfo|NeedTypesSizes) != 0),
+		"-e", "-json",
+		fmt.Sprintf("-compiled=%t", cfg.Mode&(NeedCompiledGoFiles|NeedSyntax|NeedTypes|NeedTypesInfo|NeedTypesSizes) != 0),
 		fmt.Sprintf("-test=%t", cfg.Tests),
 		fmt.Sprintf("-export=%t", usesExportData(cfg)),
-		fmt.Sprintf("-deps=%t", cfg.Mode&NeedDeps != 0),
+		fmt.Sprintf("-deps=%t", cfg.Mode&NeedImports != 0),
 		// go list doesn't let you pass -test and -find together,
 		// probably because you'd just get the TestMain.
 		fmt.Sprintf("-find=%t", !cfg.Tests && cfg.Mode&findFlags == 0),
@@ -723,27 +704,20 @@ func golistargs(cfg *Config, words []string) []string {
 }
 
 // invokeGo returns the stdout of a go command invocation.
-func invokeGo(cfg *Config, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
-	stdout := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(cfg.Context, "go", args...)
-	// On darwin the cwd gets resolved to the real path, which breaks anything that
-	// expects the working directory to keep the original path, including the
-	// go command when dealing with modules.
-	// The Go stdlib has a special feature where if the cwd and the PWD are the
-	// same node then it trusts the PWD, so by setting it in the env for the child
-	// process we fix up all the paths returned by the go command.
-	cmd.Env = append(append([]string{}, cfg.Env...), "PWD="+cfg.Dir)
-	cmd.Dir = cfg.Dir
-	cmd.Stdout = stdout
-	cmd.Stderr = stderr
-	if debug {
-		defer func(start time.Time) {
-			log.Printf("%s for %v, stderr: <<%s>>\n", time.Since(start), cmdDebugStr(cmd, args...), stderr)
-		}(time.Now())
+func (state *golistState) invokeGo(verb string, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
+	cfg := state.cfg
+
+	inv := &gocommand.Invocation{
+		Verb:       verb,
+		Args:       args,
+		BuildFlags: cfg.BuildFlags,
+		Env:        cfg.Env,
+		Logf:       cfg.Logf,
+		WorkingDir: cfg.Dir,
 	}
 
-	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+	stdout, stderr, _, err := inv.RunRaw(cfg.Context)
+	if err != nil {
 		// Check for 'go' executable not being found.
 		if ee, ok := err.(*exec.Error); ok && ee.Err == exec.ErrNotFound {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("'go list' driver requires 'go', but %s", exec.ErrNotFound)
@@ -753,7 +727,7 @@ func invokeGo(cfg *Config, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
 		if !ok {
 			// Catastrophic error:
 			// - context cancellation
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't exec 'go %v': %s %T", args, err, err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't run 'go': %v", err)
 		}
 
 		// Old go version?
@@ -761,6 +735,35 @@ func invokeGo(cfg *Config, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
 			return nil, goTooOldError{fmt.Errorf("unsupported version of go: %s: %s", exitErr, stderr)}
 		}
 
+		// Related to #24854
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "unexpected directory layout") {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s", stderr.String())
+		}
+
+		// Is there an error running the C compiler in cgo? This will be reported in the "Error" field
+		// and should be suppressed by go list -e.
+		//
+		// This condition is not perfect yet because the error message can include other error messages than runtime/cgo.
+		isPkgPathRune := func(r rune) bool {
+			// From https://golang.org/ref/spec#Import_declarations:
+			//    Implementation restriction: A compiler may restrict ImportPaths to non-empty strings
+			//    using only characters belonging to Unicode's L, M, N, P, and S general categories
+			//    (the Graphic characters without spaces) and may also exclude the
+			//    characters !"#$%&'()*,:;<=>?[\]^`{|} and the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD.
+			return unicode.IsOneOf([]*unicode.RangeTable{unicode.L, unicode.M, unicode.N, unicode.P, unicode.S}, r) &&
+				!strings.ContainsRune("!\"#$%&'()*,:;<=>?[\\]^`{|}\uFFFD", r)
+		}
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.HasPrefix(stderr.String(), "# ") {
+			msg := stderr.String()[len("# "):]
+			if strings.HasPrefix(strings.TrimLeftFunc(msg, isPkgPathRune), "\n") {
+				return stdout, nil
+			}
+			// Treat pkg-config errors as a special case (golang.org/issue/36770).
+			if strings.HasPrefix(msg, "pkg-config") {
+				return stdout, nil
+			}
+		}
+
 		// This error only appears in stderr. See golang.org/cl/166398 for a fix in go list to show
 		// the error in the Err section of stdout in case -e option is provided.
 		// This fix is provided for backwards compatibility.
@@ -770,13 +773,70 @@ func invokeGo(cfg *Config, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
 			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
 		}
 
+		// Similar to the previous error, but currently lacks a fix in Go.
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "named files must all be in one directory") {
+			output := fmt.Sprintf(`{"ImportPath": "command-line-arguments","Incomplete": true,"Error": {"Pos": "","Err": %q}}`,
+				strings.Trim(stderr.String(), "\n"))
+			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
+		}
+
+		// Backwards compatibility for Go 1.11 because 1.12 and 1.13 put the directory in the ImportPath.
+		// If the package doesn't exist, put the absolute path of the directory into the error message,
+		// as Go 1.13 list does.
+		const noSuchDirectory = "no such directory"
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), noSuchDirectory) {
+			errstr := stderr.String()
+			abspath := strings.TrimSpace(errstr[strings.Index(errstr, noSuchDirectory)+len(noSuchDirectory):])
+			output := fmt.Sprintf(`{"ImportPath": %q,"Incomplete": true,"Error": {"Pos": "","Err": %q}}`,
+				abspath, strings.Trim(stderr.String(), "\n"))
+			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
+		}
+
 		// Workaround for #29280: go list -e has incorrect behavior when an ad-hoc package doesn't exist.
+		// Note that the error message we look for in this case is different that the one looked for above.
 		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "no such file or directory") {
 			output := fmt.Sprintf(`{"ImportPath": "command-line-arguments","Incomplete": true,"Error": {"Pos": "","Err": %q}}`,
 				strings.Trim(stderr.String(), "\n"))
 			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
 		}
 
+		// Workaround for #34273. go list -e with GO111MODULE=on has incorrect behavior when listing a
+		// directory outside any module.
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "outside available modules") {
+			output := fmt.Sprintf(`{"ImportPath": %q,"Incomplete": true,"Error": {"Pos": "","Err": %q}}`,
+				// TODO(matloob): command-line-arguments isn't correct here.
+				"command-line-arguments", strings.Trim(stderr.String(), "\n"))
+			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
+		}
+
+		// Another variation of the previous error
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "outside module root") {
+			output := fmt.Sprintf(`{"ImportPath": %q,"Incomplete": true,"Error": {"Pos": "","Err": %q}}`,
+				// TODO(matloob): command-line-arguments isn't correct here.
+				"command-line-arguments", strings.Trim(stderr.String(), "\n"))
+			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
+		}
+
+		// Workaround for an instance of golang.org/issue/26755: go list -e  will return a non-zero exit
+		// status if there's a dependency on a package that doesn't exist. But it should return
+		// a zero exit status and set an error on that package.
+		if len(stderr.String()) > 0 && strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "no Go files in") {
+			// Don't clobber stdout if `go list` actually returned something.
+			if len(stdout.String()) > 0 {
+				return stdout, nil
+			}
+			// try to extract package name from string
+			stderrStr := stderr.String()
+			var importPath string
+			colon := strings.Index(stderrStr, ":")
+			if colon > 0 && strings.HasPrefix(stderrStr, "go build ") {
+				importPath = stderrStr[len("go build "):colon]
+			}
+			output := fmt.Sprintf(`{"ImportPath": %q,"Incomplete": true,"Error": {"Pos": "","Err": %q}}`,
+				importPath, strings.Trim(stderrStr, "\n"))
+			return bytes.NewBufferString(output), nil
+		}
+
 		// Export mode entails a build.
 		// If that build fails, errors appear on stderr
 		// (despite the -e flag) and the Export field is blank.
@@ -788,22 +848,6 @@ func invokeGo(cfg *Config, args ...string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("go %v: %s: %s", args, exitErr, stderr)
 		}
 	}
-
-	// As of writing, go list -export prints some non-fatal compilation
-	// errors to stderr, even with -e set. We would prefer that it put
-	// them in the Package.Error JSON (see https://golang.org/issue/26319).
-	// In the meantime, there's nowhere good to put them, but they can
-	// be useful for debugging. Print them if $GOPACKAGESPRINTGOLISTERRORS
-	// is set.
-	if len(stderr.Bytes()) != 0 && os.Getenv("GOPACKAGESPRINTGOLISTERRORS") != "" {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s stderr: <<%s>>\n", cmdDebugStr(cmd, args...), stderr)
-	}
-
-	// debugging
-	if false {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s stdout: <<%s>>\n", cmdDebugStr(cmd, args...), stdout)
-	}
-
 	return stdout, nil
 }
 

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/packages/golist_overlay.go

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package packages
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"go/parser"
 	"go/token"
+	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 )
@@ -12,74 +16,189 @@ import (
 // files that don't exist on disk to an overlay. The results can be
 // sometimes incorrect.
 // TODO(matloob): Handle unsupported cases, including the following:
-// - test files
-// - adding test and non-test files to test variants of packages
 // - determining the correct package to add given a new import path
-// - creating packages that don't exist
-func processGolistOverlay(cfg *Config, response *driverResponse) (modifiedPkgs, needPkgs []string, err error) {
+func (state *golistState) processGolistOverlay(response *responseDeduper) (modifiedPkgs, needPkgs []string, err error) {
 	havePkgs := make(map[string]string) // importPath -> non-test package ID
 	needPkgsSet := make(map[string]bool)
 	modifiedPkgsSet := make(map[string]bool)
 
-	for _, pkg := range response.Packages {
+	for _, pkg := range response.dr.Packages {
 		// This is an approximation of import path to id. This can be
 		// wrong for tests, vendored packages, and a number of other cases.
 		havePkgs[pkg.PkgPath] = pkg.ID
 	}
 
-outer:
-	for path, contents := range cfg.Overlay {
-		base := filepath.Base(path)
-		if strings.HasSuffix(path, "_test.go") {
-			// Overlays don't support adding new test files yet.
-			// TODO(matloob): support adding new test files.
+	// If no new imports are added, it is safe to avoid loading any needPkgs.
+	// Otherwise, it's hard to tell which package is actually being loaded
+	// (due to vendoring) and whether any modified package will show up
+	// in the transitive set of dependencies (because new imports are added,
+	// potentially modifying the transitive set of dependencies).
+	var overlayAddsImports bool
+
+	// If both a package and its test package are created by the overlay, we
+	// need the real package first. Process all non-test files before test
+	// files, and make the whole process deterministic while we're at it.
+	var overlayFiles []string
+	for opath := range state.cfg.Overlay {
+		overlayFiles = append(overlayFiles, opath)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(overlayFiles, func(i, j int) bool {
+		iTest := strings.HasSuffix(overlayFiles[i], "_test.go")
+		jTest := strings.HasSuffix(overlayFiles[j], "_test.go")
+		if iTest != jTest {
+			return !iTest // non-tests are before tests.
+		}
+		return overlayFiles[i] < overlayFiles[j]
+	})
+	for _, opath := range overlayFiles {
+		contents := state.cfg.Overlay[opath]
+		base := filepath.Base(opath)
+		dir := filepath.Dir(opath)
+		var pkg *Package           // if opath belongs to both a package and its test variant, this will be the test variant
+		var testVariantOf *Package // if opath is a test file, this is the package it is testing
+		var fileExists bool
+		isTestFile := strings.HasSuffix(opath, "_test.go")
+		pkgName, ok := extractPackageName(opath, contents)
+		if !ok {
+			// Don't bother adding a file that doesn't even have a parsable package statement
+			// to the overlay.
 			continue
 		}
-		dir := filepath.Dir(path)
-		for _, pkg := range response.Packages {
-			var dirContains, fileExists bool
-			for _, f := range pkg.GoFiles {
-				if sameFile(filepath.Dir(f), dir) {
-					dirContains = true
+	nextPackage:
+		for _, p := range response.dr.Packages {
+			if pkgName != p.Name && p.ID != "command-line-arguments" {
+				continue
+			}
+			for _, f := range p.GoFiles {
+				if !sameFile(filepath.Dir(f), dir) {
+					continue
 				}
+				// Make sure to capture information on the package's test variant, if needed.
+				if isTestFile && !hasTestFiles(p) {
+					// TODO(matloob): Are there packages other than the 'production' variant
+					// of a package that this can match? This shouldn't match the test main package
+					// because the file is generated in another directory.
+					testVariantOf = p
+					continue nextPackage
+				}
+				// We must have already seen the package of which this is a test variant.
+				if pkg != nil && p != pkg && pkg.PkgPath == p.PkgPath {
+					if hasTestFiles(p) {
+						testVariantOf = pkg
+					}
+				}
+				pkg = p
 				if filepath.Base(f) == base {
 					fileExists = true
 				}
 			}
-			// The overlay could have included an entirely new package.
-			isNewPackage := extractPackage(pkg, path, contents)
-			if dirContains || isNewPackage {
-				if !fileExists {
-					pkg.GoFiles = append(pkg.GoFiles, path) // TODO(matloob): should the file just be added to GoFiles?
-					pkg.CompiledGoFiles = append(pkg.CompiledGoFiles, path)
-					modifiedPkgsSet[pkg.ID] = true
+		}
+		// The overlay could have included an entirely new package.
+		if pkg == nil {
+			// Try to find the module or gopath dir the file is contained in.
+			// Then for modules, add the module opath to the beginning.
+			pkgPath, ok, err := state.getPkgPath(dir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, err
+			}
+			if !ok {
+				break
+			}
+			isXTest := strings.HasSuffix(pkgName, "_test")
+			if isXTest {
+				pkgPath += "_test"
+			}
+			id := pkgPath
+			if isTestFile && !isXTest {
+				id = fmt.Sprintf("%s [%s.test]", pkgPath, pkgPath)
+			}
+			// Try to reclaim a package with the same id if it exists in the response.
+			for _, p := range response.dr.Packages {
+				if reclaimPackage(p, id, opath, contents) {
+					pkg = p
+					break
 				}
-				imports, err := extractImports(path, contents)
-				if err != nil {
-					// Let the parser or type checker report errors later.
-					continue outer
-				}
-				for _, imp := range imports {
-					_, found := pkg.Imports[imp]
-					if !found {
-						needPkgsSet[imp] = true
-						// TODO(matloob): Handle cases when the following block isn't correct.
-						// These include imports of test variants, imports of vendored packages, etc.
-						id, ok := havePkgs[imp]
-						if !ok {
-							id = imp
-						}
-						pkg.Imports[imp] = &Package{ID: id}
+			}
+			// Otherwise, create a new package
+			if pkg == nil {
+				pkg = &Package{PkgPath: pkgPath, ID: id, Name: pkgName, Imports: make(map[string]*Package)}
+				response.addPackage(pkg)
+				havePkgs[pkg.PkgPath] = id
+				// Add the production package's sources for a test variant.
+				if isTestFile && !isXTest && testVariantOf != nil {
+					pkg.GoFiles = append(pkg.GoFiles, testVariantOf.GoFiles...)
+					pkg.CompiledGoFiles = append(pkg.CompiledGoFiles, testVariantOf.CompiledGoFiles...)
+					// Add the package under test and its imports to the test variant.
+					pkg.forTest = testVariantOf.PkgPath
+					for k, v := range testVariantOf.Imports {
+						pkg.Imports[k] = &Package{ID: v.ID}
 					}
 				}
-				continue outer
+			}
+		}
+		if !fileExists {
+			pkg.GoFiles = append(pkg.GoFiles, opath)
+			// TODO(matloob): Adding the file to CompiledGoFiles can exhibit the wrong behavior
+			// if the file will be ignored due to its build tags.
+			pkg.CompiledGoFiles = append(pkg.CompiledGoFiles, opath)
+			modifiedPkgsSet[pkg.ID] = true
+		}
+		imports, err := extractImports(opath, contents)
+		if err != nil {
+			// Let the parser or type checker report errors later.
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, imp := range imports {
+			if _, found := pkg.Imports[imp]; found {
+				continue
+			}
+			overlayAddsImports = true
+			id, ok := havePkgs[imp]
+			if !ok {
+				var err error
+				id, err = state.resolveImport(dir, imp)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, nil, err
+				}
+			}
+			pkg.Imports[imp] = &Package{ID: id}
+			// Add dependencies to the non-test variant version of this package as well.
+			if testVariantOf != nil {
+				testVariantOf.Imports[imp] = &Package{ID: id}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	needPkgs = make([]string, 0, len(needPkgsSet))
-	for pkg := range needPkgsSet {
-		needPkgs = append(needPkgs, pkg)
+	// toPkgPath guesses the package path given the id.
+	toPkgPath := func(sourceDir, id string) (string, error) {
+		if i := strings.IndexByte(id, ' '); i >= 0 {
+			return state.resolveImport(sourceDir, id[:i])
+		}
+		return state.resolveImport(sourceDir, id)
+	}
+
+	// Now that new packages have been created, do another pass to determine
+	// the new set of missing packages.
+	for _, pkg := range response.dr.Packages {
+		for _, imp := range pkg.Imports {
+			if len(pkg.GoFiles) == 0 {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot resolve imports for package %q with no Go files", pkg.PkgPath)
+			}
+			pkgPath, err := toPkgPath(filepath.Dir(pkg.GoFiles[0]), imp.ID)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, err
+			}
+			if _, ok := havePkgs[pkgPath]; !ok {
+				needPkgsSet[pkgPath] = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if overlayAddsImports {
+		needPkgs = make([]string, 0, len(needPkgsSet))
+		for pkg := range needPkgsSet {
+			needPkgs = append(needPkgs, pkg)
+		}
 	}
 	modifiedPkgs = make([]string, 0, len(modifiedPkgsSet))
 	for pkg := range modifiedPkgsSet {
@@ -88,6 +207,116 @@ outer:
 	return modifiedPkgs, needPkgs, err
 }
 
+// resolveImport finds the the ID of a package given its import path.
+// In particular, it will find the right vendored copy when in GOPATH mode.
+func (state *golistState) resolveImport(sourceDir, importPath string) (string, error) {
+	env, err := state.getEnv()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if env["GOMOD"] != "" {
+		return importPath, nil
+	}
+
+	searchDir := sourceDir
+	for {
+		vendorDir := filepath.Join(searchDir, "vendor")
+		exists, ok := state.vendorDirs[vendorDir]
+		if !ok {
+			info, err := os.Stat(vendorDir)
+			exists = err == nil && info.IsDir()
+			state.vendorDirs[vendorDir] = exists
+		}
+
+		if exists {
+			vendoredPath := filepath.Join(vendorDir, importPath)
+			if info, err := os.Stat(vendoredPath); err == nil && info.IsDir() {
+				// We should probably check for .go files here, but shame on anyone who fools us.
+				path, ok, err := state.getPkgPath(vendoredPath)
+				if err != nil {
+					return "", err
+				}
+				if ok {
+					return path, nil
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// We know we've hit the top of the filesystem when we Dir / and get /,
+		// or C:\ and get C:\, etc.
+		next := filepath.Dir(searchDir)
+		if next == searchDir {
+			break
+		}
+		searchDir = next
+	}
+	return importPath, nil
+}
+
+func hasTestFiles(p *Package) bool {
+	for _, f := range p.GoFiles {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(f, "_test.go") {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// determineRootDirs returns a mapping from absolute directories that could
+// contain code to their corresponding import path prefixes.
+func (state *golistState) determineRootDirs() (map[string]string, error) {
+	env, err := state.getEnv()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if env["GOMOD"] != "" {
+		state.rootsOnce.Do(func() {
+			state.rootDirs, state.rootDirsError = state.determineRootDirsModules()
+		})
+	} else {
+		state.rootsOnce.Do(func() {
+			state.rootDirs, state.rootDirsError = state.determineRootDirsGOPATH()
+		})
+	}
+	return state.rootDirs, state.rootDirsError
+}
+
+func (state *golistState) determineRootDirsModules() (map[string]string, error) {
+	out, err := state.invokeGo("list", "-m", "-json", "all")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	m := map[string]string{}
+	type jsonMod struct{ Path, Dir string }
+	for dec := json.NewDecoder(out); dec.More(); {
+		mod := new(jsonMod)
+		if err := dec.Decode(mod); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if mod.Dir != "" && mod.Path != "" {
+			// This is a valid module; add it to the map.
+			absDir, err := filepath.Abs(mod.Dir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			m[absDir] = mod.Path
+		}
+	}
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (state *golistState) determineRootDirsGOPATH() (map[string]string, error) {
+	m := map[string]string{}
+	for _, dir := range filepath.SplitList(state.mustGetEnv()["GOPATH"]) {
+		absDir, err := filepath.Abs(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		m[filepath.Join(absDir, "src")] = ""
+	}
+	return m, nil
+}
+
 func extractImports(filename string, contents []byte) ([]string, error) {
 	f, err := parser.ParseFile(token.NewFileSet(), filename, contents, parser.ImportsOnly) // TODO(matloob): reuse fileset?
 	if err != nil {
@@ -105,13 +334,16 @@ func extractImports(filename string, contents []byte) ([]string, error) {
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// extractPackage attempts to extract a package defined in an overlay.
+// reclaimPackage attempts to reuse a package that failed to load in an overlay.
 //
 // If the package has errors and has no Name, GoFiles, or Imports,
 // then it's possible that it doesn't yet exist on disk.
-func extractPackage(pkg *Package, filename string, contents []byte) bool {
+func reclaimPackage(pkg *Package, id string, filename string, contents []byte) bool {
 	// TODO(rstambler): Check the message of the actual error?
 	// It differs between $GOPATH and module mode.
+	if pkg.ID != id {
+		return false
+	}
 	if len(pkg.Errors) != 1 {
 		return false
 	}
@@ -124,15 +356,21 @@ func extractPackage(pkg *Package, filename string, contents []byte) bool {
 	if len(pkg.Imports) > 0 {
 		return false
 	}
-	f, err := parser.ParseFile(token.NewFileSet(), filename, contents, parser.PackageClauseOnly) // TODO(matloob): reuse fileset?
-	if err != nil {
+	pkgName, ok := extractPackageName(filename, contents)
+	if !ok {
 		return false
 	}
-	// TODO(rstambler): This doesn't work for main packages.
-	if filepath.Base(pkg.PkgPath) != f.Name.Name {
-		return false
-	}
-	pkg.Name = f.Name.Name
+	pkg.Name = pkgName
 	pkg.Errors = nil
 	return true
 }
+
+func extractPackageName(filename string, contents []byte) (string, bool) {
+	// TODO(rstambler): Check the message of the actual error?
+	// It differs between $GOPATH and module mode.
+	f, err := parser.ParseFile(token.NewFileSet(), filename, contents, parser.PackageClauseOnly) // TODO(matloob): reuse fileset?
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return f.Name.Name, true
+}

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/packages/loadmode_string.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package packages
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+var allModes = []LoadMode{
+	NeedName,
+	NeedFiles,
+	NeedCompiledGoFiles,
+	NeedImports,
+	NeedDeps,
+	NeedExportsFile,
+	NeedTypes,
+	NeedSyntax,
+	NeedTypesInfo,
+	NeedTypesSizes,
+}
+
+var modeStrings = []string{
+	"NeedName",
+	"NeedFiles",
+	"NeedCompiledGoFiles",
+	"NeedImports",
+	"NeedDeps",
+	"NeedExportsFile",
+	"NeedTypes",
+	"NeedSyntax",
+	"NeedTypesInfo",
+	"NeedTypesSizes",
+}
+
+func (mod LoadMode) String() string {
+	m := mod
+	if m == 0 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("LoadMode(0)")
+	}
+	var out []string
+	for i, x := range allModes {
+		if x > m {
+			break
+		}
+		if (m & x) != 0 {
+			out = append(out, modeStrings[i])
+			m = m ^ x
+		}
+	}
+	if m != 0 {
+		out = append(out, "Unknown")
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("LoadMode(%s)", strings.Join(out, "|"))
+}

vendor/golang.org/x/tools/go/packages/packages.go

@@ -23,26 +23,22 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/gcexportdata"
+	"golang.org/x/tools/internal/packagesinternal"
 )
 
-// A LoadMode specifies the amount of detail to return when loading.
-// Higher-numbered modes cause Load to return more information,
-// but may be slower. Load may return more information than requested.
+// A LoadMode controls the amount of detail to return when loading.
+// The bits below can be combined to specify which fields should be
+// filled in the result packages.
+// The zero value is a special case, equivalent to combining
+// the NeedName, NeedFiles, and NeedCompiledGoFiles bits.
+// ID and Errors (if present) will always be filled.
+// Load may return more information than requested.
 type LoadMode int
 
+// TODO(matloob): When a V2 of go/packages is released, rename NeedExportsFile to
+// NeedExportFile to make it consistent with the Package field it's adding.
+
 const (
-	// The following constants are used to specify which fields of the Package
-	// should be filled when loading is done. As a special case to provide
-	// backwards compatibility, a LoadMode of 0 is equivalent to LoadFiles.
-	// For all other LoadModes, the bits below specify which fields will be filled
-	// in the result packages.
-	// WARNING: This part of the go/packages API is EXPERIMENTAL. It might
-	// be changed or removed up until April 15 2019. After that date it will
-	// be frozen.
-	// TODO(matloob): Remove this comment on April 15.
-
-	// ID and Errors (if present) will always be filled.
-
 	// NeedName adds Name and PkgPath.
 	NeedName LoadMode = 1 << iota
 
@@ -56,11 +52,10 @@ const (
 	// "placeholder" Packages with only the ID set.
 	NeedImports
 
-	// NeedDeps adds the fields requested by the LoadMode in the packages in Imports. If NeedImports
-	// is not set NeedDeps has no effect.
+	// NeedDeps adds the fields requested by the LoadMode in the packages in Imports.
 	NeedDeps
 
-	// NeedExportsFile adds ExportsFile.
+	// NeedExportsFile adds ExportFile.
 	NeedExportsFile
 
 	// NeedTypes adds Types, Fset, and IllTyped.
@@ -77,31 +72,25 @@ const (
 )
 
 const (
-	// LoadFiles finds the packages and computes their source file lists.
-	// Package fields: ID, Name, Errors, GoFiles, CompiledGoFiles, and OtherFiles.
+	// Deprecated: LoadFiles exists for historical compatibility
+	// and should not be used. Please directly specify the needed fields using the Need values.
 	LoadFiles = NeedName | NeedFiles | NeedCompiledGoFiles
 
-	// LoadImports adds import information for each package
-	// and its dependencies.
-	// Package fields added: Imports.
-	LoadImports = LoadFiles | NeedImports | NeedDeps
+	// Deprecated: LoadImports exists for historical compatibility
+	// and should not be used. Please directly specify the needed fields using the Need values.
+	LoadImports = LoadFiles | NeedImports
 
-	// LoadTypes adds type information for package-level
-	// declarations in the packages matching the patterns.
-	// Package fields added: Types, TypesSizes, Fset, and IllTyped.
-	// This mode uses type information provided by the build system when
-	// possible, and may fill in the ExportFile field.
+	// Deprecated: LoadTypes exists for historical compatibility
+	// and should not be used. Please directly specify the needed fields using the Need values.
 	LoadTypes = LoadImports | NeedTypes | NeedTypesSizes
 
-	// LoadSyntax adds typed syntax trees for the packages matching the patterns.
-	// Package fields added: Syntax, and TypesInfo, for direct pattern matches only.
+	// Deprecated: LoadSyntax exists for historical compatibility
+	// and should not be used. Please directly specify the needed fields using the Need values.
 	LoadSyntax = LoadTypes | NeedSyntax | NeedTypesInfo
 
-	// LoadAllSyntax adds typed syntax trees for the packages matching the patterns
-	// and all dependencies.
-	// Package fields added: Types, Fset, IllTyped, Syntax, and TypesInfo,
-	// for all packages in the import graph.
-	LoadAllSyntax = LoadSyntax
+	// Deprecated: LoadAllSyntax exists for historical compatibility
+	// and should not be used. Please directly specify the needed fields using the Need values.
+	LoadAllSyntax = LoadSyntax | NeedDeps
 )
 
 // A Config specifies details about how packages should be loaded.
@@ -117,6 +106,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	// If Context is nil, the load cannot be cancelled.
 	Context context.Context
 
+	// Logf is the logger for the config.
+	// If the user provides a logger, debug logging is enabled.
+	// If the GOPACKAGESDEBUG environment variable is set to true,
+	// but the logger is nil, default to log.Printf.
+	Logf func(format string, args ...interface{})
+
 	// Dir is the directory in which to run the build system's query tool
 	// that provides information about the packages.
 	// If Dir is empty, the tool is run in the current directory.
@@ -169,7 +164,7 @@ type Config struct {
 	Tests bool
 
 	// Overlay provides a mapping of absolute file paths to file contents.
-	// If the file  with the given path already exists, the parser will use the
+	// If the file with the given path already exists, the parser will use the
 	// alternative file contents provided by the map.
 	//
 	// Overlays provide incomplete support for when a given file doesn't
@@ -275,9 +270,9 @@ type Package struct {
 	Imports map[string]*Package
 
 	// Types provides type information for the package.
-	// Modes LoadTypes and above set this field for packages matching the
-	// patterns; type information for dependencies may be missing or incomplete.
-	// Mode LoadAllSyntax sets this field for all packages, including dependencies.
+	// The NeedTypes LoadMode bit sets this field for packages matching the
+	// patterns; type information for dependencies may be missing or incomplete,
+	// unless NeedDeps and NeedImports are also set.
 	Types *types.Package
 
 	// Fset provides position information for Types, TypesInfo, and Syntax.
@@ -290,8 +285,9 @@ type Package struct {
 
 	// Syntax is the package's syntax trees, for the files listed in CompiledGoFiles.
 	//
-	// Mode LoadSyntax sets this field for packages matching the patterns.
-	// Mode LoadAllSyntax sets this field for all packages, including dependencies.
+	// The NeedSyntax LoadMode bit populates this field for packages matching the patterns.
+	// If NeedDeps and NeedImports are also set, this field will also be populated
+	// for dependencies.
 	Syntax []*ast.File
 
 	// TypesInfo provides type information about the package's syntax trees.
@@ -300,6 +296,21 @@ type Package struct {
 
 	// TypesSizes provides the effective size function for types in TypesInfo.
 	TypesSizes types.Sizes
+
+	// forTest is the package under test, if any.
+	forTest string
+
+	// module is the module information for the package if it exists.
+	module *packagesinternal.Module
+}
+
+func init() {
+	packagesinternal.GetForTest = func(p interface{}) string {
+		return p.(*Package).forTest
+	}
+	packagesinternal.GetModule = func(p interface{}) *packagesinternal.Module {
+		return p.(*Package).module
+	}
 }
 
 // An Error describes a problem with a package's metadata, syntax, or types.
@@ -423,11 +434,13 @@ type loader struct {
 	parseCacheMu sync.Mutex
 	exportMu     sync.Mutex // enforces mutual exclusion of exportdata operations
 
-	// TODO(matloob): Add an implied mode here and use that instead of mode.
-	// Implied mode would contain all the fields we need the data for so we can
-	// get the actually requested fields. We'll zero them out before returning
-	// packages to the user. This will make it easier for us to get the conditions
-	// where we need certain modes right.
+	// Config.Mode contains the implied mode (see impliedLoadMode).
+	// Implied mode contains all the fields we need the data for.
+	// In requestedMode there are the actually requested fields.
+	// We'll zero them out before returning packages to the user.
+	// This makes it easier for us to get the conditions where
+	// we need certain modes right.
+	requestedMode LoadMode
 }
 
 type parseValue struct {
@@ -442,9 +455,20 @@ func newLoader(cfg *Config) *loader {
 	}
 	if cfg != nil {
 		ld.Config = *cfg
+		// If the user has provided a logger, use it.
+		ld.Config.Logf = cfg.Logf
+	}
+	if ld.Config.Logf == nil {
+		// If the GOPACKAGESDEBUG environment variable is set to true,
+		// but the user has not provided a logger, default to log.Printf.
+		if debug {
+			ld.Config.Logf = log.Printf
+		} else {
+			ld.Config.Logf = func(format string, args ...interface{}) {}
+		}
 	}
 	if ld.Config.Mode == 0 {
-		ld.Config.Mode = LoadFiles // Preserve zero behavior of Mode for backwards compatibility.
+		ld.Config.Mode = NeedName | NeedFiles | NeedCompiledGoFiles // Preserve zero behavior of Mode for backwards compatibility.
 	}
 	if ld.Config.Env == nil {
 		ld.Config.Env = os.Environ()
@@ -458,7 +482,11 @@ func newLoader(cfg *Config) *loader {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ld.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 {
+	// Save the actually requested fields. We'll zero them out before returning packages to the user.
+	ld.requestedMode = ld.Mode
+	ld.Mode = impliedLoadMode(ld.Mode)
+
+	if ld.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 || ld.Mode&NeedSyntax != 0 {
 		if ld.Fset == nil {
 			ld.Fset = token.NewFileSet()
 		}
@@ -472,6 +500,7 @@ func newLoader(cfg *Config) *loader {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
 	return ld
 }
 
@@ -490,12 +519,23 @@ func (ld *loader) refine(roots []string, list ...*Package) ([]*Package, error) {
 		if i, found := rootMap[pkg.ID]; found {
 			rootIndex = i
 		}
+
+		// Overlays can invalidate export data.
+		// TODO(matloob): make this check fine-grained based on dependencies on overlaid files
+		exportDataInvalid := len(ld.Overlay) > 0 || pkg.ExportFile == "" && pkg.PkgPath != "unsafe"
+		// This package needs type information if the caller requested types and the package is
+		// either a root, or it's a non-root and the user requested dependencies ...
+		needtypes := (ld.Mode&NeedTypes|NeedTypesInfo != 0 && (rootIndex >= 0 || ld.Mode&NeedDeps != 0))
+		// This package needs source if the call requested source (or types info, which implies source)
+		// and the package is either a root, or itas a non- root and the user requested dependencies...
+		needsrc := ((ld.Mode&(NeedSyntax|NeedTypesInfo) != 0 && (rootIndex >= 0 || ld.Mode&NeedDeps != 0)) ||
+			// ... or if we need types and the exportData is invalid. We fall back to (incompletely)
+			// typechecking packages from source if they fail to compile.
+			(ld.Mode&NeedTypes|NeedTypesInfo != 0 && exportDataInvalid)) && pkg.PkgPath != "unsafe"
 		lpkg := &loaderPackage{
 			Package:   pkg,
-			needtypes: (ld.Mode&(NeedTypes|NeedTypesInfo) != 0 && rootIndex < 0) || rootIndex >= 0,
-			needsrc: (ld.Mode&(NeedSyntax|NeedTypesInfo) != 0 && rootIndex < 0) || rootIndex >= 0 ||
-				len(ld.Overlay) > 0 || // Overlays can invalidate export data. TODO(matloob): make this check fine-grained based on dependencies on overlaid files
-				pkg.ExportFile == "" && pkg.PkgPath != "unsafe",
+			needtypes: needtypes,
+			needsrc:   needsrc,
 		}
 		ld.pkgs[lpkg.ID] = lpkg
 		if rootIndex >= 0 {
@@ -540,28 +580,31 @@ func (ld *loader) refine(roots []string, list ...*Package) ([]*Package, error) {
 		lpkg.color = grey
 		stack = append(stack, lpkg) // push
 		stubs := lpkg.Imports       // the structure form has only stubs with the ID in the Imports
-		lpkg.Imports = make(map[string]*Package, len(stubs))
-		for importPath, ipkg := range stubs {
-			var importErr error
-			imp := ld.pkgs[ipkg.ID]
-			if imp == nil {
-				// (includes package "C" when DisableCgo)
-				importErr = fmt.Errorf("missing package: %q", ipkg.ID)
-			} else if imp.color == grey {
-				importErr = fmt.Errorf("import cycle: %s", stack)
-			}
-			if importErr != nil {
-				if lpkg.importErrors == nil {
-					lpkg.importErrors = make(map[string]error)
+		// If NeedImports isn't set, the imports fields will all be zeroed out.
+		if ld.Mode&NeedImports != 0 {
+			lpkg.Imports = make(map[string]*Package, len(stubs))
+			for importPath, ipkg := range stubs {
+				var importErr error
+				imp := ld.pkgs[ipkg.ID]
+				if imp == nil {
+					// (includes package "C" when DisableCgo)
+					importErr = fmt.Errorf("missing package: %q", ipkg.ID)
+				} else if imp.color == grey {
+					importErr = fmt.Errorf("import cycle: %s", stack)
+				}
+				if importErr != nil {
+					if lpkg.importErrors == nil {
+						lpkg.importErrors = make(map[string]error)
+					}
+					lpkg.importErrors[importPath] = importErr
+					continue
 				}
-				lpkg.importErrors[importPath] = importErr
-				continue
-			}
 
-			if visit(imp) {
-				lpkg.needsrc = true
+				if visit(imp) {
+					lpkg.needsrc = true
+				}
+				lpkg.Imports[importPath] = imp.Package
 			}
-			lpkg.Imports[importPath] = imp.Package
 		}
 		if lpkg.needsrc {
 			srcPkgs = append(srcPkgs, lpkg)
@@ -575,7 +618,7 @@ func (ld *loader) refine(roots []string, list ...*Package) ([]*Package, error) {
 		return lpkg.needsrc
 	}
 
-	if ld.Mode&(NeedImports|NeedDeps) == 0 {
+	if ld.Mode&NeedImports == 0 {
 		// We do this to drop the stub import packages that we are not even going to try to resolve.
 		for _, lpkg := range initial {
 			lpkg.Imports = nil
@@ -586,7 +629,7 @@ func (ld *loader) refine(roots []string, list ...*Package) ([]*Package, error) {
 			visit(lpkg)
 		}
 	}
-	if ld.Mode&NeedDeps != 0 { // TODO(matloob): This is only the case if NeedTypes is also set, right?
+	if ld.Mode&NeedImports != 0 && ld.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 {
 		for _, lpkg := range srcPkgs {
 			// Complete type information is required for the
 			// immediate dependencies of each source package.
@@ -596,9 +639,9 @@ func (ld *loader) refine(roots []string, list ...*Package) ([]*Package, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	// Load type data if needed, starting at
+	// Load type data and syntax if needed, starting at
 	// the initial packages (roots of the import DAG).
-	if ld.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 {
+	if ld.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 || ld.Mode&NeedSyntax != 0 {
 		var wg sync.WaitGroup
 		for _, lpkg := range initial {
 			wg.Add(1)
@@ -611,54 +654,44 @@ func (ld *loader) refine(roots []string, list ...*Package) ([]*Package, error) {
 	}
 
 	result := make([]*Package, len(initial))
-	importPlaceholders := make(map[string]*Package)
 	for i, lpkg := range initial {
 		result[i] = lpkg.Package
 	}
 	for i := range ld.pkgs {
 		// Clear all unrequested fields, for extra de-Hyrum-ization.
-		if ld.Mode&NeedName == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedName == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].Name = ""
 			ld.pkgs[i].PkgPath = ""
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedFiles == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedFiles == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].GoFiles = nil
 			ld.pkgs[i].OtherFiles = nil
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedCompiledGoFiles == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedCompiledGoFiles == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].CompiledGoFiles = nil
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedImports == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedImports == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].Imports = nil
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedExportsFile == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedExportsFile == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].ExportFile = ""
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedTypes == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedTypes == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].Types = nil
 			ld.pkgs[i].Fset = nil
 			ld.pkgs[i].IllTyped = false
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedSyntax == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedSyntax == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].Syntax = nil
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedTypesInfo == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedTypesInfo == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].TypesInfo = nil
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedTypesSizes == 0 {
+		if ld.requestedMode&NeedTypesSizes == 0 {
 			ld.pkgs[i].TypesSizes = nil
 		}
-		if ld.Mode&NeedDeps == 0 {
-			for j, pkg := range ld.pkgs[i].Imports {
-				ph, ok := importPlaceholders[pkg.ID]
-				if !ok {
-					ph = &Package{ID: pkg.ID}
-					importPlaceholders[pkg.ID] = ph
-				}
-				ld.pkgs[i].Imports[j] = ph
-			}
-		}
 	}
+
 	return result, nil
 }
 
@@ -679,7 +712,6 @@ func (ld *loader) loadRecursive(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 			}(imp)
 		}
 		wg.Wait()
-
 		ld.loadPackage(lpkg)
 	})
 }
@@ -687,7 +719,7 @@ func (ld *loader) loadRecursive(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 // loadPackage loads the specified package.
 // It must be called only once per Package,
 // after immediate dependencies are loaded.
-// Precondition: ld.Mode >= LoadTypes.
+// Precondition: ld.Mode & NeedTypes.
 func (ld *loader) loadPackage(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 	if lpkg.PkgPath == "unsafe" {
 		// Fill in the blanks to avoid surprises.
@@ -711,7 +743,7 @@ func (ld *loader) loadPackage(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 	// which would then require that such created packages be explicitly
 	// inserted back into the Import graph as a final step after export data loading.
 	// The Diamond test exercises this case.
-	if !lpkg.needtypes {
+	if !lpkg.needtypes && !lpkg.needsrc {
 		return
 	}
 	if !lpkg.needsrc {
@@ -768,12 +800,23 @@ func (ld *loader) loadPackage(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 		lpkg.Errors = append(lpkg.Errors, errs...)
 	}
 
+	if ld.Config.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 && len(lpkg.CompiledGoFiles) == 0 && lpkg.ExportFile != "" {
+		// The config requested loading sources and types, but sources are missing.
+		// Add an error to the package and fall back to loading from export data.
+		appendError(Error{"-", fmt.Sprintf("sources missing for package %s", lpkg.ID), ParseError})
+		ld.loadFromExportData(lpkg)
+		return // can't get syntax trees for this package
+	}
+
 	files, errs := ld.parseFiles(lpkg.CompiledGoFiles)
 	for _, err := range errs {
 		appendError(err)
 	}
 
 	lpkg.Syntax = files
+	if ld.Config.Mode&NeedTypes == 0 {
+		return
+	}
 
 	lpkg.TypesInfo = &types.Info{
 		Types:      make(map[ast.Expr]types.TypeAndValue),
@@ -806,7 +849,7 @@ func (ld *loader) loadPackage(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 		if ipkg.Types != nil && ipkg.Types.Complete() {
 			return ipkg.Types, nil
 		}
-		log.Fatalf("internal error: nil Pkg importing %q from %q", path, lpkg)
+		log.Fatalf("internal error: package %q without types was imported from %q", path, lpkg)
 		panic("unreachable")
 	})
 
@@ -817,7 +860,7 @@ func (ld *loader) loadPackage(lpkg *loaderPackage) {
 		// Type-check bodies of functions only in non-initial packages.
 		// Example: for import graph A->B->C and initial packages {A,C},
 		// we can ignore function bodies in B.
-		IgnoreFuncBodies: (ld.Mode&(NeedDeps|NeedTypesInfo) == 0) && !lpkg.initial,
+		IgnoreFuncBodies: ld.Mode&NeedDeps == 0 && !lpkg.initial,
 
 		Error: appendError,
 		Sizes: ld.sizes,
@@ -1079,6 +1122,25 @@ func (ld *loader) loadFromExportData(lpkg *loaderPackage) (*types.Package, error
 	return tpkg, nil
 }
 
-func usesExportData(cfg *Config) bool {
-	return cfg.Mode&NeedExportsFile != 0 || cfg.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 && cfg.Mode&NeedTypesInfo == 0
+// impliedLoadMode returns loadMode with its dependencies.
+func impliedLoadMode(loadMode LoadMode) LoadMode {
+	if loadMode&NeedTypesInfo != 0 && loadMode&NeedImports == 0 {
+		// If NeedTypesInfo, go/packages needs to do typechecking itself so it can
+		// associate type info with the AST. To do so, we need the export data
+		// for dependencies, which means we need to ask for the direct dependencies.
+		// NeedImports is used to ask for the direct dependencies.
+		loadMode |= NeedImports
+	}
+
+	if loadMode&NeedDeps != 0 && loadMode&NeedImports == 0 {
+		// With NeedDeps we need to load at least direct dependencies.
+		// NeedImports is used to ask for the direct dependencies.
+		loadMode |= NeedImports
+	}
+
+	return loadMode
+}
+
+func usesExportData(cfg *Config) bool {
+	return cfg.Mode&NeedExportsFile != 0 || cfg.Mode&NeedTypes != 0 && cfg.Mode&NeedDeps == 0
 }