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Copyright (c) Standard C++ Foundation and its contributors
Standard C++ Foundation grants you a worldwide, nonexclusive, royalty-free,
perpetual license to copy, use, modify, and create derivative works from this
project for your personal or internal business use only. The above copyright
notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
substantial portions of the project. This license does not grant permission
to use the trade names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the
licensor, except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing
the origin of the project.
Standard C++ Foundation reserves the right to accept contributions to the
project at its discretion.
By contributing material to this project, you grant Standard C++ Foundation,
and those who receive the material directly or indirectly from Standard C++
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transferrable license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly
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Standard C++ Foundation, a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free,
irrevocable license under your patent claims that directly read on your
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# C++ Core Guidelines
>"Within C++ is a smaller, simpler, safer language struggling to get out."
>-- <cite>Bjarne Stroustrup</cite>
The C++ Core Guidelines are a collaborative effort led by Bjarne Stroustrup, much like the C++ language itself. They are the result of many
person-years of discussion and design across a number of organizations. Their design encourages general applicability and broad adoption but
they can be freely copied and modified to meet your organization's needs.
The aim of the guidelines is to help people to use modern C++ effectively. By "modern C++" we mean C++11 and C++14 (and soon C++17). In other
words, what would you like your code to look like in 5 years' time, given that you can start now? In 10 years' time?
The guidelines are focused on relatively higher-level issues, such as interfaces, resource management, memory management, and concurrency. Such
rules affect application architecture and library design. Following the rules will lead to code that is statically type safe, has no resource
leaks, and catches many more programming logic errors than is common in code today. And it will run fast - you can afford to do things right.
We are less concerned with low-level issues, such as naming conventions and indentation style. However, no topic that can help a programmer is
out of bounds.
Our initial set of rules emphasize safety (of various forms) and simplicity. They may very well be too strict. We expect to have to introduce
more exceptions to better accommodate real-world needs. We also need more rules.
You will find some of the rules contrary to your expectations or even contrary to your experience. If we haven't suggested you change your
coding style in any way, we have failed! Please try to verify or disprove rules! In particular, we'd really like to have some of our rules
backed up with measurements or better examples.
You will find some of the rules obvious or even trivial. Please remember that one purpose of a guideline is to help someone who is less
experienced or coming from a different background or language to get up to speed.
The rules are designed to be supported by an analysis tool. Violations of rules will be flagged with references (or links) to the relevant rule.
We do not expect you to memorize all the rules before trying to write code.
The rules are meant for gradual introduction into a code base. We plan to build tools for that and hope others will too.
Comments and suggestions for improvements are most welcome. We plan to modify and extend this document as our understanding improves and the
language and the set of available libraries improve.